DNA Protection against Oxidative Damage Using the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Garcinia mangostana and Alpha‐Mangostin

Abstract

Garcinia mangostana, popularly known as “mangosteen fruit,” originates from Southeast Asia and came to Brazil about 80 years ago where it mainly grows in the states of Pará and Bahia. Although mangosteen or its extracts have been used for ages in Asian folk medicine, data on its potential genotoxicity is missing. We, therefore, evaluated genotoxicity/mutagenicity of hydroethanolic mangosteen extract [HEGM, 10 to 640 μg/mL] in established test assays (Comet assay, micronucleus test, and Salmonella/microsome test). In the Comet assay, HEGM-exposed human leukocytes showed no DNA damage. No significant HEGM-induced mutation in TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium (with or without metabolic activation) was observed and HEGM-exposed human lymphocytes had no increase of micronuclei. However, HEGM suggested exposure concentration-dependent antigenotoxic potential in leukocytes and antioxidant potential in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. HEGM preloading effectively protected against H2O2-induced DNA damage in leukocytes (Comet assay). Preloading of yeast with HEGM for up to 4 h significantly protected the cells from lethality of chronic H2O2-exposure, as expressed in better survival. Absence of genotoxicity and demonstration of an antigenotoxic and antioxidant potential suggest that HEGM or some substances contained in it may hold promise for pharmaceutical or nutraceutical application.

Cytoprotective and Anti-genotoxic Effects of Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia mangostana Against H2O2 Induced PBMC Cell and Blood Leukocytes Damage of Normal and Type 2 Diabetes Volunteers

“…Human peripheral blood leukocytes was chosen as the carrier of toxic pollutants [30]. Carvalho-Silva and authors found that hydroalcoholic fraction of mangosteen concentrations up to 640 μg/mL exerted the anti-genotoxic effect against H 2 O 2 induced DNA damage, evaluated by comet assay, micronucleus counting, and salmonella/microsome test [31]. These study supports our result that aqueous extract of xanthone (concentrations up to 500 µg/mL) can significantly reduce the H 2 O 2 induced genotoxicity.…”

The endophytic fungus Penicillium oxalicum isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort possesses DNA damage-protecting potential and increases stress resistance properties in Caenorhabditis elegans

“…At 44 h, cytochalasin-B (3 µg/ml) was added to the cultures to block cytokinesis. At 72 h, the cultures were collected and treated ( Carvalho-Silva et al, 2016 ). Coded slides were stained for 30 min with Giemsa and observed under a microscope.…”

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana): Extraction, purification, bioactivities and toxicities

“…According to Carvalho-Silva et al (2016), the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of hydroethanolic G. mangostana extract (HEGM) were tested on Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The antigenotoxicity activity of hydroethanolic G. mangostana extract (HEGM) was determined by comet assay using human peripheral blood cells (leukocytes).…”