DNA Methylation and Dysregulation of miRNA in Cancer

Kurozumi, Akira; Goto, Yusuke; Okato, Atsushi; Seki, Naohiko

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59786-7_10

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation can control miRNA expression, and miRNAs also can regulate the expression of some epigenetic modulators such as polycomb group genes and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in the development of carcinomas [11,12]. EZH2, a core component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) complex, is a mammalian histone methyltransferase that can silence gene expression via inducing the methylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me) [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accumulating evidence shows that miRNAs can control a wide range of carcinoma-related cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy to induce or hinder tumorigenesis and progression [8][9][10]. Moreover, some studies pointed out that the dysregulation of miRNAs and epigenetic pathways was closely linked with the pathogenesis of carcinomas [11,12]. MicroRNA-101 (miR-101) has been reported as a tumor suppressor in multiple carcinomas such as gastric carcinoma [13], endometrial carcinoma [14] and breast carcinoma [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

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MicroRNA-101 regulates autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis via targeting EZH2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Chen

Jia

Zang

et al. 2019

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Laryngeal carcinoma is the second commonest head and neck carcinoma globally. MicroRNA-101 (miR-101) has been reported as a tumor suppressor in multiple malignancies including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of miR-101 in the development of LSCC have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, RT-qPCR assay was performed to detect the expression of miR-101 and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) mRNA. Western blot assay was conducted to determine protein expression of LC3-I, LC3-II, p62 and EZH2. Cell proliferative capacity was evaluated by MTS assay. The effect of miR-101 alone or along with EZH2 on cell apoptosis was assessed by apoptotic index and caspase-3 activity. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were carried out to investigate the interaction between miR-101 and EZH2. Results revealed that miR-101 expression was strikingly down-regulated in LSCC cell lines. Functional analyses showed that ectopic expression of miR-101 suppressed cell autophagy and proliferation and facilitated cell apoptosis in LSCC. Further investigations revealed that miR-101 inhibited EZH2 expression by direct interaction and EZH2 was highly expressed in LSCC cells. Also, EZH2 knockdown reduced the autophagic activity of LSCC cells. Moreover, restoration experiments showed that EZH2 up-regulation weakened miR-101mediated anti-autophagy, anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects in LSCC cells. In conclusion, our findings suggested that miR-101 inhibited autophagy and proliferation and promoted apoptosis via targeting EZH2 in LSCC, providing a deep insight into the pathogenesis of LSCC and hinting the pivotal roles of epigenetic modifications especially histone methylation in the development of LSCC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-101 regulates autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis via targeting EZH2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Chen

Jia

Zang

et al. 2019

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MicroRNAs overexpressed in Crohn’s disease and their interactions with mechanisms of epigenetic regulation explain novel aspects of Crohn’s disease pathogenesis

et al. 2021

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Background In this review, we were interested to identify the wide universe of enzymes associated with epigenetic modifications, whose gene expression is regulated by miRNAs with a high relative abundance in Crohn's disease (CD) affected tissues, with the aim to determine their impact in the pathogenesis and evolution of the disease. Methods We used HMDD and Bibliometrix R-package in order to identify the miRNAs overexpressed in CD. The identified enzymes associated with epigenetic mechanisms and post-translational modifications, regulated by miRNAs upregulated in CD, were analyzed using String v11 database. Results We found 190 miRNAs with great abundance in patients with CD, of which 26 miRNAs regulate the gene expression of enzymes known to catalyze epigenetic modifications involved in essentials pathophysiological processes, such as chromatin architecture reorganization, immune response regulation including CD4+ T cells polarization, integrity of gut mucosa, gut microbiota composition and tumorigenesis. Conclusion The integrated analysis of miRNAs with a high relative abundance in patients with CD showed a combined and superimposed gene expression regulation of enzymes associated with relevant epigenetic mechanisms and that could explain, in part, the pathogenesis of CD.

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The Interaction Between Epigenetic Changes, EMT, and Exosomes in Predicting Metastasis of Colorectal Cancers (CRC)

2022

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Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common malignancy, and the second most deadly with nearly one million attributable deaths in 2020. Metastatic disease is present in nearly 25% of newly diagnosed CRC, and despite advances in chemotherapy, less than 20% will remain alive at 5 years. Epigenetic change plays a key role in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a crucial phenotype for metastasis and mainly includes DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, seemingly valuable biomarkers in CRCs. For ncRNAs, there exists a “molecular sponge effect” between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). The detection of exosomes is a novel method in CRC monitoring, especially for predicting metastasis. There is a close relationship between exosomes and EMT in CRCs. This review summarizes the close relationship between epigenetic changes and EMT in CRCs and emphasizes the crucial function of exosomes in regulating the EMT process.

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DNA Methylation and Dysregulation of miRNA in Cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 75 publications

MicroRNA-101 regulates autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis via targeting EZH2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

MicroRNA-101 regulates autophagy, proliferation and apoptosis via targeting EZH2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

MicroRNAs overexpressed in Crohn’s disease and their interactions with mechanisms of epigenetic regulation explain novel aspects of Crohn’s disease pathogenesis

The Interaction Between Epigenetic Changes, EMT, and Exosomes in Predicting Metastasis of Colorectal Cancers (CRC)

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