Dna Evidence for Nonhybrid Origins of Parthenogenesis in Natural Populations of Vertebrates

Sinclair, Elizabeth A.; Pramuk, Jennifer B.; Bezy, Robert L.; Crandall, Keith A.; Sites, Jack W.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00893.x

Cited by 52 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…We have corroborated the topology reported by Sinclair et al (2010), on the basis of more inclusive taxonomic and character sampling, but unlike the earlier study, our larger data set provides greater phylogenetic resolution within L. flavimaculatum (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Origin Of Unisexual Lepidophyma and Cryptic Diversity Withinsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Although our inferred relationships among Lepidophyma species differ significantly from the mtDNA phylogeny of Sinclair et al (2010), those relationships largely conform to the pattern inferred in their analysis of nuclear loci. Our findings augment the reconstruction of relationships among Lepidophyma by placing the previously unsampled L. cuicateca, L. lineri, and L. sp.. We also find L. sylvaticum to be strongly structured, showing deep splits among populations from different localities, and support the paraphyly of this taxon with respect to L. micropholis.…”

Section: Evolution Of Parthenogenesis and Cryptic Diversity Within Lesupporting

confidence: 52%

“…(2) Does the divergence of Cricosaura pre-date the time of separation of the Proto-Greater Antilles from the mainland and the time of the KT asteroid impact? (3) Is the origin of unisexuality in Lepidophyma best explained as two events (as hypothesized by Sinclair et al, 2010), or a single event, with or without reversal? (4) How many times have rock-crevice ecomorphs evolved in Xantusiidae?…”

Section: Goals Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies of unisexual L. flavimaculatum have failed to confirm the patterns of fixed heterozygosity (for Mendelian markers diagnostic of the sexually reproducing species) expected from a model of a hybrid origin (Bezy and Sites, 1987). Sinclair et al (2010) recently showed that the most parsimonious phylogenetic interpretation supported two independent origins of unisexuality in Lepidophyma, one in the ancestor of all L. reticulatum, and later a second time in the ancestor of some populations of L. flavimaculatum. Further, neither of these met expectations of a hybrid origin hypothesis, and Sinclair et al concluded that parthenogenesis originated without hybridization in Lepidophyma (the first such case reported in natural populations of vertebrates).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, neither of these met expectations of a hybrid origin hypothesis, and Sinclair et al concluded that parthenogenesis originated without hybridization in Lepidophyma (the first such case reported in natural populations of vertebrates). Sinclair et al (2010) were not able to sample all species of Lepidophyma, and their molecular data did not fully resolve relationships within L. flavimaculatum; here we include additional species and loci that provide greater resolution within Lepidophyma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Phylogenetic relationships within the lizard clade Xantusiidae: Using trees and divergence times to address evolutionary questions at multiple levels

Noonan

Pramuk

Bezy

et al. 2013

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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Section: Origin Of Unisexual Lepidophyma and Cryptic Diversity Withinsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Evolution Of Parthenogenesis and Cryptic Diversity Within Lesupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Goals Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Phylogenetic relationships within the lizard clade Xantusiidae: Using trees and divergence times to address evolutionary questions at multiple levels

Noonan

Pramuk

Bezy

et al. 2013

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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Molecular discrimination and phylogeographic patterns of clones of the parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris in the Japanese Archipelago

Murakami

Hayashi

2019

Population Ecology

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Vertebrates usually reproduce sexually in which males and females contribute their offspring genome and produce genetically diverse offspring. However, some of them are asexual without genetic contribution from males. The nocturnal gecko, Lepidodactylus lugubris, is all females and reproduces parthenogenetically. This gecko is known to consist of diploid and triploid clones in the tropical and subtropical regions, which can be identified by their dorsal marking patterns, ploidy, and protein polymorphism. This gecko is also distributed in the southern parts of Japan, and several clones have been reported. In this study, we investigated the origins and genetic diversity of Japanese L. lugubris by clonal discrimination using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA analyses. A total of 748 individuals were collected from 21 islands of five island groups (Ogasawara, Okinawa, Miyako, Yaeyama and Daito Islands) and 17 clones were distinguished genetically. Mitochondrial cyt b sequences of these clones suggested that they were all closely related and differentiated recently. Clonal diversity was much higher (14 clones) in the Daito Islands than in the other island groups in which only one or two clones coexisted. Judging from the dorsal marking patterns and ploidy known so far, six clones were cosmopolitan and may be colonized from the outside of Japan. However, other 11 clones were endemic to the Daito Islands and explained by possible hybridization between the one female diploid clone and one male diploid clone because other 9 clones were triploid and all had the combinations of polymorphic microsatellite alleles of these female and male diploid clones. Although the males have never been recorded in the Daito Islands, males might appear in the past. These findings contribute to understanding of clonal diversity and dynamics of asexually reproducing animals. If diploid parthenogenetic geckos can produce triploid clones by mating with the diploid males, clonal diversity would increase rapidly in a small island, and such newly produced triploid clones would expand widely. K E Y W O R D S asexual reproduction, clonal diversity, hybridization, microsatellite analysis, ploidy change

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Sex: Advantage

Neiman¹,

Jokela²

2010

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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One of the most important unanswered questions in evolutionary biology is why sexual reproduction is so common. In theory, sex is so costly that individuals that reproduce sexually should be at a major disadvantage relative to asexually reproducing competitors. This leads to the expectation that sex should lose in competition with asexual reproduction and thus be rare in nature, which is in striking contrast to its widespread occurrence. It is this profound disconnect between theory and reality that has motivated decades of research into potential advantages of sexual reproduction. While much progress has come from these efforts, why sex predominates is still unclear. It is likely that part of the answer is linked to an advantage of sex under pressure from coevolving parasites. Other important processes may be more efficient clearance of deleterious mutations and other costs associated with asexuality that are not direct consequences of the lack of recombination. Key Concepts: The fundamental difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is that sex produces offspring that have both unique combinations of alleles and different combinations of alleles than their parents and their siblings. In theory, sex should be rare because it breaks up allele combinations that have proven to work well together and because sexual females waste resources on son production. The predominance of sex in nature indicates that production of genetically distinct offspring must also generate profound benefits. Comparing the geographic distribution of sexual and asexual populations can provide insights into the advantages and disadvantages of sex. The most direct and powerful way to study sex is to compare coexisting sexual and asexual females that are phylogenetically close relatives and ecologically very similar with the exception of their reproductive mode. Likely direct benefits of sex include evasion of biological enemies and clearance of harmful mutations. The transition to asexuality may lower the fitness of asexual phenotypes and thus the cost of sex, in which case the maintenance of sex is easier to explain.

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Dna Evidence for Nonhybrid Origins of Parthenogenesis in Natural Populations of Vertebrates

Cited by 52 publications

References 49 publications

Phylogenetic relationships within the lizard clade Xantusiidae: Using trees and divergence times to address evolutionary questions at multiple levels

Phylogenetic relationships within the lizard clade Xantusiidae: Using trees and divergence times to address evolutionary questions at multiple levels

Molecular discrimination and phylogeographic patterns of clones of the parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris in the Japanese Archipelago

Sex: Advantage

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