DNA Content of Seven Species of Astereae and its Significance to Theories of Chromosome Evolution in the Tribe

Stucky, Jon M.; Jackson, R. C.

doi:10.2307/2441959

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…comm.). Differences in DNA amount among species of Astereae with the same chromosome number has also been reported by another study (S tucky and J ackson 1975). Comparisons of DNA amount measurements among many Aster species could elucidate the mechanisms of chromosomal evolution in this genus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The diploid Aster species analyzed in this work are split in two groups according to flower size and number of ligulae, whereas polyploid species, that have intermediate values for these traits, are grouped in one cluster together with two diploid species ( A. greatae and A. tripolium ) which, however, exhibit large chromosomes. Aster species analyzed in this work belong to different sections characterized by various chromosome base‐number (x) corresponding to 5, 8 and 9 (S tucky and J ackson 1975). Chromosome number evolution in the tribe Astereae is controversial: two theories have been suggested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic relationships among Aster species by multivariate analysis and AFLP markers

Cammareri¹,

Errico

Sebastiano

et al. 2004

Hereditas

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Fourteen species of Aster were characterized for morphological traits of commercial interest, chromosome number and genetic diversity by AFLP markers to exploit this material not only for breeding purposes but also as source of pharmaceuticals. The variation observed among the Aster species for five morphological traits was summarized by means of discriminant analysis. Three significant canonical variables, accounting for about 96% of total variance, were mainly correlated with capitulum diameter, number of ligulae and leaf length. The morphological variation appeared related to ploidy level of the species. A diploid chromosome number ranging from 10 to 18 was evident in seven species whereas the other species are polyploids with variable chromosome numbers up to 52. The pollen production and stainability were quite variable among Aster species. Furthermore, seven species produced big pollen grains besides normally-sized ones, at a frequency ranging from 1 to 12%, possibly due to 2n pollen production. The possibility that evolution of Aster genus could be driven by 2n gametes and sexual polyploidization is discussed. Implications of 2n gametes for Aster breeding are also mentioned. AFLP analysis of the fourteen Aster species based on six primer combinations revealed a total number of 421 polymorphic amplified DNA fragments. The genetic similarities estimated between the Aster species, based on both shared and unique amplification products ranged from 0.335 to 0.604 across all species and revealed a geographically based clustering within the genus. The highest similarity was detected between A. alpinus and A. amellus with Eurasian origin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relationships among Aster species by multivariate analysis and AFLP markers

Cammareri¹,

Errico

Sebastiano

et al. 2004

Hereditas

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“…The study reported here was undertaken to determine if cytophotometric determination of the amount of DNA per cell would reveal cytological variation which could be used in testing the theories on the ancestry of A. hypogaea. This approach has been previously used in conjunction with other cytological techniques to derive theories concerning the ancestry of polyploid taxa (Cheng and Grant, 1973;Stucky and Jackson, 1975).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytophotometric Determination of the Amount of Dna in Arachis L. Sect. Arachis (Leguminosae)

Resslar

Stucky

Miksche

1981

American J of Botany

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The 2C amounts of DNA for 12 taxa of the section Arachis nom. nud. of the genus Arachis L. were determined using cytophotometric techniques. The diploid taxa ranged from 4.92 to 5.98 pg of DNA per cell. The species of the diploid series Annuae Krap. & Greg. nom. nud. averaged ca. 1 pg less DNA per cell than the taxa of the diploid series Perennes Krap. & Greg. nom. nud. No significant differences were found between taxa within these two series. The tetraploid taxa ranged from 10.36 to 11.35 pg of DNA per cell. Within the tetraploid series Amphiploides Krap. & Greg. nom. nud. differences were found between A. monticola Krap. & Rig. and A. hypogaea L. The two subspecies of A. hypogaea, ssp. hypogaea and ssp. fastigiata Waldron, were found to differ significantly in their 2C amounts of DNA. The implications of the cytophotometric data on the chromosomal evolution of this section are discussed.

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“…The basic number x = 9 is generally considered as ancestral in the Asteraceae family [ 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ] and in the Cichorieae tribe [ 78 ]. According to Semple and Watanabe [ 77 ], x = 10 was the ancestral basic number out of the two dominant numbers in the subfamily Cichorioideae, x = 10 and x = 9; as for the tribe Cichorieae, which Reichardia belongs to, only x = 9 is indicated as the main basic number by these authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary implications of heterochromatin and rDNA in chromosome number and genome size changes during dysploidy: A case study in Reichardia genus

et al. 2017

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In this study we showed that constitutive heterochromatin, GC-rich DNA and rDNA are implicated in chromosomal rearrangements during the basic chromosome number changing (dysploidy) in Reichardia genus. This small Mediterranean genus comprises 8–10 species and presents three basic chromosome numbers (x = 9, 8 and 7). To assess genome evolution and differentiation processes, studies were conducted in a dysploid series of six species: R. dichotoma, R. macrophylla and R. albanica (2n = 18), R. tingitana and R. gaditana (2n = 16), and R. picroides (2n = 14). The molecular phylogeny reconstruction comprised three additional species (R. crystallina and R. ligulata, 2n = 16 and R. intermedia, 2n = 14). Our results indicate that the way of dysploidy is descending. During this process, a positive correlation was observed between chromosome number and genome size, rDNA loci number and pollen size, although only the correlation between chromosome number and genome size is still recovered significant once considering the phylogenetic effect. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation also evidenced changes in number, position and organisation of two rDNA families (35S and 5S), including the reduction of loci number and, consequently, reduction in the number of secondary constrictions and nuclear organising regions from three to one per diploid genome. The potential mechanisms of chromosomal and genome evolution, strongly implicating heterochromatin, are proposed and discussed, with particular consideration for Reichardia genus.

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DNA Content of Seven Species of Astereae and its Significance to Theories of Chromosome Evolution in the Tribe

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Genetic relationships among Aster species by multivariate analysis and AFLP markers

Genetic relationships among Aster species by multivariate analysis and AFLP markers

Cytophotometric Determination of the Amount of Dna in Arachis L. Sect. Arachis (Leguminosae)

Evolutionary implications of heterochromatin and rDNA in chromosome number and genome size changes during dysploidy: A case study in Reichardia genus

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