“…DNA, a critical hereditary matter in humans and almost all other organisms, stores a large quantities of genetic information. , The study of the structure-related properties of DNA molecules has been a fascinating and intriguing topic. , However, coiled DNA molecules randomly dispersed in solution make it extremely challenging to analyze their physical features and decipher their gene code, especially in a liquid environment. − It is critical to develop effective single-molecule manipulation techniques for DNA stretching to extract the DNA structural information and to further study the genetics of DNA molecules. In the last two decades, a variety of DNA manipulation techniques have been proposed and developed, such as magnetic tweezers, − optical tweezers, , hydrodynamic flow stretching, − molecular combing, − etc., giving opportunities to study the dynamic behaviors of DNA molecules and other important characteristics.…”