DMSP Lyase in Marine Macro- and Microalgae

Steinke, Michael; Daniel, Claudia; Kirst, G. O.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0377-0_27

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1.5 × 10 13 g of S to the atmosphere annually (Charlson et al ., 1987; Malin, 1996). The entire microbial food web is involved in the release of DMSP from algal cells and its conversion to DMS (Malin, 1994; Ledyard & Dacey, 1996; Stefels et al ., 1996; Steinke et al ., 1996, 2002b).…”

Section: Sulfur Release By Algae: the Role Of Dmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such reaction can occur without enzymatic catalysis in alkaline environment, but this conversion is quantitatively negligible at the pH and temperature of seawater (Dacey & Blough, 1987). Most part of DMS production is therefore the result of biological activity, thanks to the catalysis of the enzyme DMSP lyase present in a variety of algae and bacteria; biogenic DMS formed by bacterial and algal degradation (Stefels & van Boekel, 1993; Ledyard & Dacey, 1994; Steinke & Kirst, 1996; Steinke et al ., 1996) contributes c . 1.5 × 10 13 g of S to the atmosphere annually (Charlson et al ., 1987; Malin, 1996).…”

Section: Sulfur Release By Algae: the Role Of Dmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sloppy grazing seems to play an especially important role in DMS release (Dacey & Wakeham, 1986; Leck et al ., 1990; Verity & Smetacek, 1996). Apparently, no intracellular catalysis by DMSP lyases takes place and very often substrate and enzyme only come in contact when cells break because of grazing or senescence; moreover, enzyme and substrate are often produced by different orgnanisms (Steinke & Kirst, 1996; Steinke et al ., 1996; 2002a;Wolfe et al ., 1997). The selective pressure that led to the evolution of DMS production pathway could be the fact that both DMS and acrylic acid may be involved in chemosensory deterrence (between algae and microzooplankton) or attraction (between algae and bacteria) (Wolfe et al ., 1997; Simò, 2001 and references there in).…”

Section: Sulfur Release By Algae: the Role Of Dmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfur and phytoplankton: acquisition, metabolism and impact on the environment

2005

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Contents SummarySulfur emission from marine phytoplankton has been recognized as an important factor for global climate and as an entry into the biogeochemical S cycle. Despite this significance, little is known about the cellular S metabolism in algae that forms the basis of this emission. Some biochemical and genetic evidence for regulation of S uptake and assimilation is available for the freshwater model alga Chlamydomonas . However, the marine environment is substantially different from most freshwaters, containing up to 50 times higher free sulfate concentrations and challenging the adaptive mechanisms of primary and secondary S metabolism in marine algae. This review intends to integrate ecological and physiological data to provide a comprehensive view of the role of S in the oceans.

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Section: Sulfur Release By Algae: the Role Of Dmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sulfur Release By Algae: the Role Of Dmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sulfur Release By Algae: the Role Of Dmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfur and phytoplankton: acquisition, metabolism and impact on the environment

2005

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“…The conversion of DMSP to DMS is catalysed both intra-and extra-cellularly by the enzyme DMSP-lyase in certain phytoplankton and bacteria (Ledyard & Dacey 1996 ;Stefels et al 1996 ;Steinke et al 1996). The breakdown of DMSP can also be base catalysed, but at the pH and temperature of seawater the inorganic reaction is too slow to be of significance (Dacey & Blough 1987).…”

Section: The Production Of Dimethyl Sulphide In Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine sulphur emissions

Liss

Hatton

Malin

et al. 1997

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

156

112

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SUMMARYThe principal volatile sulphur species found in seawater are dimethyl sulphide (DMS), carbonyl sulphide (COS) and carbon disulphide (CS # ). Of these, DMS is the most abundant and widespread in its distribution. The predominant oceanic source of DMS is dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP), a compatible solute synthesized by phytoplankton for osmoregulation and\or cryoprotection. Not all species have the same ability to form DMSP ; for example, diatoms generally produce little, whereas prymnesiophytes and some dinoflagellates make significantly larger amounts. Much of the release of DMSP and DMS to the water occurs on death or through predation of the plankton. Our recent field data strongly suggest that oxidation of DMS to dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) is an important process in the water column, and it is clear that considerable internal cycling in the DMSP\DMS\DMSO system occurs in the euphotic zone. A fraction of the DMS crosses the sea surface and enters the atmosphere where it is oxidized by radicals such as OH and NO $ to form products such as methanesulphonate (MSA), DMSO and non-sea salt sulphate (NSSS) particles. These particles are the main source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) over oceanic areas remote from land.

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“…The dominant source of DMS is thought to be via the microbial (bacteria and/or phytoplankton) enzymatic cleavage of algal-derived DMSP [15][16][17], although photochemically-derived production mechanisms [18] and DMSO reduction [15,19,20] could also contribute. The majority of DMSP in marine waters is particulate bound in intracellular pools (DMSP p ), which gets released into the dissolved phase through algal cell lysis caused by grazing, viral attack or autolysis, or exudation [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes in Microbial Dissolved Organic Sulfur Transformations in Coastal Waters

et al. 2020

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The marine trace gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) is the single most important biogenic source of atmospheric sulfur, accounting for up to 80% of global biogenic sulfur emissions. Approximately 300 million tons of DMS are produced annually, but the majority is degraded by microbes in seawater. The DMS precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and oxidation product dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) are also important organic sulfur reservoirs. However, the marine sinks of dissolved DMSO remain unknown. We used a novel combination of stable and radiotracers to determine seasonal changes in multiple dissolved organic sulfur transformation rates to ascertain whether microbial uptake of dissolved DMSO was a significant loss pathway. Surface concentrations of DMS ranged from 0.5 to 17.0 nM with biological consumption rates between 2.4 and 40.8 nM·d−1. DMS produced from the reduction of DMSO was not a significant process. Surface concentrations of total DMSO ranged from 2.3 to 102 nM with biological consumption of dissolved DMSO between 2.9 and 111 nM·d−1. Comparisons between 14C2-DMSO assimilation and dissimilation rates suggest that the majority of dissolved DMSO was respired (>94%). Radiotracer microbial consumption rates suggest that dissimilation of dissolved DMSO to CO2 can be a significant loss pathway in coastal waters, illustrating the significance of bacteria in controlling organic sulfur seawater concentrations.

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DMSP Lyase in Marine Macro- and Microalgae

Cited by 35 publications

References 23 publications

Sulfur and phytoplankton: acquisition, metabolism and impact on the environment

Sulfur and phytoplankton: acquisition, metabolism and impact on the environment

Marine sulphur emissions

Seasonal Changes in Microbial Dissolved Organic Sulfur Transformations in Coastal Waters

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