Diversity of virulence-associated genes in pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila isolates and their in vivo modulation at varied water temperatures

Pattanayak, S; Priyadarsini, Swatismita; Paul, Anirban; Kumar, Pasim Rajesh; Sahoo, P.K.

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104424

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Water temperature has an important role in virulence gene expression, induced by bacterial temperature sensor systems that detect temperature shifts and trigger changes in gene expression [77,78]. In mesophilic aeromonads, increases in temperature are associated with higher virulence and mortality, associated with the upregulation of specific virulence pathways and the increased production of extracellular toxins [77,79]. Nutrient availability, and specifically of nitrogenous compounds [80], influences the activation of metabolic pathways.…”

Section: Virulence Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology, Virulence Traits and Antimicrobial Resistance Signatures of Aeromonas spp. in the Critically Endangered Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum Follow Geographical and Seasonal Patterns

et al. 2021

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Despite the fact that freshwater fish populations are experiencing severe declines worldwide, our knowledge on the interaction between endangered populations and pathogenic agents remains scarce. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and structure of Aeromonas communities isolated from the critically endangered Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum, a model species for threatened Iberian leuciscids, as well as health parameters in this species. Additionally, we evaluated the virulence profiles, antimicrobial resistance signatures and genomic relationships of the Aeromonas isolates. Lesion prevalence, extension and body condition were deeply affected by location and seasonality, with poorer performances in the dry season. Aeromonas composition shifted among seasons and was also different across river streams. The pathogenic potential of the isolates significantly increased during the dry season. Additionally, isolates displaying clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes (carbapenem and fluroquinolone resistance) were detected. As it inhabits intermittent rivers, often reduced to disconnected pools during the summer, the dry season is a critical period for I. lusitanicum, with lower general health status and a higher potential of infection by Aeromonas spp. Habitat quality seems a determining factor on the sustainable development of this fish species. Also, these individuals act as reservoirs of important antimicrobial resistant bacteria with potential implications for public health.

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Section: Virulence Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology, Virulence Traits and Antimicrobial Resistance Signatures of Aeromonas spp. in the Critically Endangered Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum Follow Geographical and Seasonal Patterns

et al. 2021

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“…As a response to heat increases, Aeromonas spp. will up-regulate virulence pathways, which will result in the increased production of extracellular products [ 44 , 46 ]. As a consequence, Aeromonas spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeromonas spp. Prevalence, Virulence, and Antimicrobial Resistance in an Ex Situ Program for Threatened Freshwater Fish—A Pilot Study with Protective Measures

Grilo

Amaro

Chambel

et al. 2022

Animals

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Ex situ breeding programs are important conservation tools for endangered freshwater fish. However, developing husbandry techniques that decrease the likelihood of disease, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence determinants acquisition during this process is challenging. In this pilot study, we conducted a captivity experiment with Portuguese nase (Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum), a critically endangered leuciscid species, to investigate the influence of simple protective measures (i.e., material disinfection protocols and animal handling with gloves) on the dynamics of a potential pathogenic genus, Aeromonas, as well as its virulence profiles and antimicrobial resistance signatures. Our findings show that antimicrobial resistance in Aeromonas spp. collected from I. lusitanicum significantly increased during the extent of the assay (5 weeks), with all isolates collected at the end of the study classified as multidrug-resistant. Additionally, humans handling fishes without protective measures were colonized by Aeromonas spp. The use of protective measures suggested a decreasing trend in Aeromonas spp. prevalence in I. lusitanicum, while bacterial isolates displayed significantly lower virulence index values when virulence phenotypical expression was tested at 22 °C. Despite this study representing an initial trial, which needs support from further research, protective measures tested are considered a simple tool to be applied in ex situ breeding programs for aquatic animals worldwide. Furthermore, current results raise concern regarding antimicrobial resistance amplification and zoonotic transmission of Aeromonas spp. in aquatic ex situ programs.

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“…Studies have shown that temperatures over 22°C might provoke loss of virulence factors in A. salmonicida strains ( Fernández-Bravo and Figueras, 2020 ). On the other hand, it has been reported that different temperatures modulate the expression of virulence genes in distinct isolates of A. hydrophila ; most of the assessed genes were expressed by culturing the strains at 28°C ( Pattanayak et al, 2020 ). Moreover, it was demonstrated that an A. hydrophila strain endured under low temperatures and starvation by shaping its virulence factors content ( Bruscolini et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Pathological Processes and Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeromonas and Human Health Disorders: Clinical Approaches

et al. 2022

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The genus Aeromonas comprises more than 30 Gram-negative bacterial species and naturally inhabitants from aquatic environments. These microorganisms, commonly regarded as pathogens of fish and several other animals, have been gaining prominence on medical trial due to its ability to colonize and infect human beings. Besides water, Aeromonas are widely spreaded on most varied sources like soil, vegetables, and food; Although its opportunistic nature, they are able to cause infections on immunocompromised or immunocompetent patients. Aeromonas species regarded as potential human pathogens are usually A. hydrophila, A. caviae, and A. veronii biovar sobria. The main clinical manifestations are gastrointestinal tract disorders, wound, and soft tissue infections, as well as septicemia. Regarding to antibiotic responses, the bacteria present a diversified susceptibility profile and show inherence resistance to ampicillin. Aeromonas, as an ascending genus in microbiology, has been carefully studied aiming comprehension and development of methods for detection and medical intervention of infectious processes, not fully elucidated in medicine. This review focuses on current clinical knowledge related to human health disorders caused by Aeromonas to contribute on development of efficient approaches able to recognize and impair the pathological processes.

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Diversity of virulence-associated genes in pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila isolates and their in vivo modulation at varied water temperatures

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

Molecular Epidemiology, Virulence Traits and Antimicrobial Resistance Signatures of Aeromonas spp. in the Critically Endangered Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum Follow Geographical and Seasonal Patterns

Molecular Epidemiology, Virulence Traits and Antimicrobial Resistance Signatures of Aeromonas spp. in the Critically Endangered Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum Follow Geographical and Seasonal Patterns

Aeromonas spp. Prevalence, Virulence, and Antimicrobial Resistance in an Ex Situ Program for Threatened Freshwater Fish—A Pilot Study with Protective Measures

Aeromonas and Human Health Disorders: Clinical Approaches

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