Diversity of filamentous fungi in different systems of land use

Costa, Phelipe M.O.; Souza-Motta, Cristina Maria de; Malosso, Elaine

doi:10.1007/s10457-011-9446-8

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Fungi of the genera Aspergillus and Rhizopus are frequently isolated from the Atlantic forest biome (Costa et al 2012, Schoenlein-Crusius et al 2006, Tauk Tornisielo et al 2005, Schoenlein-Crusius & Milanez 1998. The isolation methodology was not intended to recover a maximum number of species, but strains that were easily cultivated in laboratory conditions and prospective amylase producers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprospection and characterization of the amylolytic activity by filamentous fungi from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

et al. 2017

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Filamentous fungi are widely diverse and ubiquitous organisms. Such biodiversity is barely known, making room for a great potential still to be discovered, especially in tropical environments -which are favorable to growth and species variety. Filamentous fungi are extensively applied to the production of industrial enzymes, such as the amylases. This class of enzymes acts in the hydrolysis of starch to glucose or maltooligosaccharides. In this work twenty-five filamentous fungi were isolated from samples of decomposing material collected in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The two best amylase producers were identified as Aspergillus brasiliensis and Rhizopus oryzae. Both are mesophilic, they grow well in organic nitrogen-rich media produce great amounts of glucoamylases. The enzymes of A. brasiliensis and R. oryzae are different, possibly because of their phylogenetical distance. The best amylase production of A. brasiliensis occurred during 120 hours with initial pH of 7.5; it had a better activity in the pH range of 3.5-5.0 and at 60-75°C. Both fungal glucoamylase had wide pH stability (3-8) and were activated by Mn 2+. R. oryzae best production occurred in 96 hours and at pH 6.5. Its amylases had a greater activity in the pH range of 4.0-5.5 and temperature at 50-65ºC. The most significant difference between the enzymes produced by both fungi is the resistance to thermal denaturation: A. brasiliensis glucoamylase had a T 50 of 60 minutes at 70ºC. The R. oryzae glucoamylase only had a residual activity when incubated at 50°C with a 12 min T 50 . Keywords: Amylase, Filamentous fungi, Aspergillus brasiliensis, Rhizopus oryzae, Glucoamylase, Bioprospection Bioprospecção e caracterização da atividade amilolítica de fungos filamentosos da Mata Atlântica BrasileiraResumo: Fungos filamentosos são organismos amplamente diversificados e ubíquos. Esta biodiversidade ainda é pouco caracterizada, desta forma, há um grande potencial a ser descoberto, sobretudo em biomas tropicais, que favorecem o crescimento e diversificação de espécies. Fungos filamentosos são extensivamente utilizados para a produção industrial de enzimas, como as amilases. Esta classe de enzimas atua na hidrólise do amido em glicose ou maltooligossacarídeos. Neste trabalho 25 cepas de fungos filamentosos foram isoladas a partir de amostras de material em decomposição coletados na Mata Atlântica Brasileira. As duas cepas que produziram mais amilases foram identificadas como Aspergillus brasiliensis e Rhizopus oryzae. Ambos os fungos são mesofílicos, crescem bem em meio de cultivo rico em nitrogênio orgânico, e produziram grande quantidade de glucoamilase. As enzimas de A. brasiliensis e R. oryzae possuem características distintas, possivelmente devido à distância filogenética das espécies. A produção de amilase mais expressiva de A. brasiliensis ocorreu em 120 horas de cultivo e pH inicial de 7,5; possui maior atividade em temperaturas entre 60-75ºC e pH entre 3,5-5,0. Ambas glucoamilases fúngicas obtiveram ampla estabilidade de pH (3-8) e fora...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprospection and characterization of the amylolytic activity by filamentous fungi from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

et al. 2017

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“…Richness (R) was estimated by using the number of bands observed in a sample with the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') and equitability (E) was calculated using the following equations (Pielou, 1969;Rogers and Tate Iii, 2001;Costa et al, 2012):…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, different land-use had no clear effect on these parameters. However, Costa et al (2012) found that plant species substitution could change the quantity and quality of organic matter under decomposition, as the plant residues would be different.…”

Section: Effect Of Different Land-use On Bacterial Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results (two clusters) revealed that bacterial communities can change, mainly according to the type of vegetation. Forest system is composed of diverse plant species, while the conventional management of soils keeps them covered by a single annual or semi-perennial culture (Costa et al, 2012). Garbeva et al, (2004) affirmed that the type of vegetation cover is a factor determining the soil microbial community structure, as plants are the greatest providers of specific types of carbon and energy sources.…”

Section: Effect Of Different Land-use On Bacterial Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of Soil Bacterial Community Structure to Land-use Conversion of Natural Forests in Maoershan National Forest Park, China

Peng¹,

Shah²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

mmr

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To compare and evaluate the soil bacterial community composition in Maoershan National Forest Park, we analyzed soil samples from four replicated land-use types (hardwood forests, cultivated lands, settlement and slash lands) using a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method based on 16s rRNA gene fragments. Forty-two DGGE bands were successfully excised for sequencing. Our results revealed that the conversion of natural forest to other land-use types had a significant effect on the soil bacterial community. Bacteroidetes was absent in forest soils. Beta-Proteobacteria was unique to settlement soils, whereas Cyanobacteria and Verrucomicrobia were absent in agricultural soils. Additionally, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria (α, β, γ, δ classes) were the dominant bacterial communities in all soils. Thus, conversion of the forest land into other land-use types resulted in changes in the bacterial communities which might affect the productivity of the soil ecosystem. Together these results suggested that the utility of using sequence-based approaches to analyze bacterial communities provides detailed information on individual bacterial community composition and permit the robust assessment of the biogeographical patterns.

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“…The vegetation of the surrounding areas corresponds to Dense Ombrophilous Atlantic Forest (subperennial forest, Costa et al 2012). Annual rainfall in the region is approximately 1700 mm, with two well-defined periods, comprising the dry season from October to March and the rainy period from April to September.…”

Section: The Complex Multistrata Agroforestry Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of leaf litter and soil respiration in a complex multistrata agroforestry system, Pernambuco, Brazil

Costa

Araújo

Souza-Motta

et al. 2016

Environ Dev Sustain

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High litter inputs in agroforestry systems contribute to soil microbial activity, soil fertility and productivity. Considering that the cycling of organic matter is essential to the maintenance of physical-chemical and microbiological properties of the soil, the aims of this work were to estimate the production, accumulation and decomposition of litter, and assess soil microbial respiration in a complex multistrata agroforestry system located in the north-east of Brazil. This agroforestry system has three strata formed by forest and fruit trees and species of multiple uses. During 3 years (2011-2013), leaf litter was sampled monthly to account for litterfall and quarterly to account for litter accumulation. The rates of litter decomposition were estimated using the ratio produced-to-accumulated litter, and the correlation between litter fall and rainfall was calculated. Precipitation data were provided by the water and climate agency of Pernambuco (APAC). Soil samples (0-15 cm) were also taken quarterly, simultaneously with the litter accumulation samples, and soil microbial respiration was assessed using the capture, by a KOH solution, of the evolved CO 2 . The annual production of leaf litter was stable in the 3 years of study in this agroforestry system, and the monthly input of litter to the soil was influenced by rainfall, being higher in the dry seasons. The accumulated litter on the ground was constant, as was microbial activity (respiration) through time. The estimated litter decomposition rates were 1.49 (first year), 1.33 (second year) and 1.42 (third year), being considered rapid rates of decomposition. This guarantees (to the farmer) that this system is capable of maintaining soil fertility and eliminates the need for chemical fertilizers.

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Diversity of filamentous fungi in different systems of land use

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Bioprospection and characterization of the amylolytic activity by filamentous fungi from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Bioprospection and characterization of the amylolytic activity by filamentous fungi from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Response of Soil Bacterial Community Structure to Land-use Conversion of Natural Forests in Maoershan National Forest Park, China

Dynamics of leaf litter and soil respiration in a complex multistrata agroforestry system, Pernambuco, Brazil

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