Diversity and taxonomy ofChaetomiumand chaetomium-like fungi from indoor environments

Abstract

During a study of indoor fungi, 145 isolates belonging to Chaetomiaceae were cultured from air, swab and dust samples from 19 countries. Based on the phylogenetic analyses of DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), β-tubulin (tub2), ITS and 28S large subunit (LSU) nrDNA sequences, together with morphological comparisons with related genera and species, 30 indoor taxa are recognised, of which 22 represent known species, seven are described as new, and one remains to be identified to species level. In our collection, 69 % of the indoor isolates with six species cluster with members of the Chaetomium globosum species complex, representing Chaetomium sensu stricto. The other indoor species fall into nine lineages that are separated from each other with several known chaetomiaceous genera occurring among them. No generic names are available for five of those lineages, and the following new genera are introduced here: Amesia with three indoor species, Arcopilus with one indoor species, Collariella with four indoor species, Dichotomopilus with seven indoor species and Ovatospora with two indoor species. The generic concept of Botryotrichum is expanded to include Emilmuelleria and the chaetomium-like species B. muromum (= Ch. murorum) in which two indoor species are included. The generic concept of Subramaniula is expanded to include several chaetomium-like taxa as well as one indoor species. Humicola is recognised as a distinct genus including two indoor taxa. According to this study, Ch. globosum is the most abundant Chaetomiaceae indoor species (74/145), followed by Ch. cochliodes (17/145), Ch. elatum (6/145) and B. piluliferum (5/145). The morphological diversity of indoor Chaetomiaceae as well as the morphological characteristics of the new genera are described and illustrated. This taxonomic study redefines the generic concept of Chaetomium and provides new insight into the phylogenetic relationships among different genera within Chaetomiaceae.

Biodiversity of fungi in hot desert sands

“…The F. solani complex, besides being a common pathogen causing wilt in different accounts for about 50% of human infections caused by Fusarium (Guarro, ; Salah et al., ; Tortorano et al., ). The genus Chaetomium , together with more common genera Penicillium and Trichoderma, belong to phylum Ascomycota (Wang, Houbraken, groenewald, Meijer, et al., ). Chaetomium is cosmopolitan species occurs in soil, dung, wide plant materials, air and marine environments (Wang, Lombard, Groenewald, Li, et al., ).…”

“…It needs to be remarked that the taxon- (Guarro, 2013;Salah et al, 2015;Tortorano et al, 2014). The genus Chaetomium, together with more common genera Penicillium and Trichoderma, belong to phylum Ascomycota (Wang, Houbraken, groenewald, Meijer, et al, 2016).…”

Characterization, culture medium optimization and antioxidant activity of an endophytic vitexin-producing fungus Dichotomopilus funicola Y3 from pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

“…Since C. funicola is a synonym of Dichotomopilus funicola (Wang et al . ), the endophyte Y3 was finally identified as D. funicola . Sequence data of the endophyte Y3 was submitted to GenBank under GenBank accession number .…”

“…Journal of Applied Microbiology 125, 1054--1065 © 2018 The Society for Applied Microbiology identified as D. funicola. In general, D. funicola is known as a saprophytic fungus (Wang et al 2016) and has never been reported to be able to produce vitexin. Our study is the first report for the isolation, characterization and identification of an endophytic fungus D. funicola from pigeon pea that is able to produce vitexin, revealing the existence of vitexin-producing micro-organism in nature.…”

Filamentous Fungal Human Pathogens from Food Emphasising Aspergillus, Fusarium and Mucor

“…The other pathogenic genera involved from food include: Lichtheimia [18,19]; Curvularia [20,21]; Phoma [22,23]; Trichoderma [24,25]; Alternaria [26,27]; Acremonium [28,29]; Paecilomyces [30,31]; Penicillium [32]; Achaetomium / Amesia / Botryotrichum / Chaetomium / Dichotomopilus [33,34,35]; Microascus / Scopulariopsis [36,37]; and Wallemia [38,39] (Table S1), and prior knowledge of pathogenic species from foods will assist in future investigations.…”