Diversity and Prevalence of Ectoparasites on Backyard Chicken Flocks in California

Murillo, Amy C.; Mullens, Bradley A.

doi:10.1093/jme/tjv243

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Murillo and Mullens [ 64 ] noted that most of these louse species are probably not of serious economic importance, with the exception of those that feed on blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inventory of lice of mammals and farmyard chicken in North-eastern Algeria

Meguini¹,

Righi²,

Zeroual³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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Background and Aim:Lice are permanent ectoparasites, extremely specific to their hosts. Their great importance in veterinary medicine remain significant, they can cause their direct pathogenic actions like irritability, dermatitis, anemia, decreased weight gain, and milk production. The purpose of this work was to made the first time an inventory of mammalian lice in North-eastern Algeria.Materials and Methods:Our survey of lice infestation was conducted on several animal species from five provinces of North-eastern Algeria. A total of 57 cattle, 83 sheep, 77 goats, 111 wild boars, and 63 farmyard chickens were examined. The collection of lice was carried out much more in mammals and chickens during the winter period. Lice were collected either manually or using brushing and kept in flasks containing 70% ethanol. The identification of lice was achieved in the laboratory using a binocular loupe.Results:Concerning cattle, 63% and 27% of those examined subjects from Souk-Ahras and Guelma study areas, respectively, were carriers of lice. Damalinia bovis was the louse most frequently found on cattle in these two regions. Three other species were identified in Souk-Ahras: Haematopinus eurysternus (25%), Linognathus vituli (10%), and Solenopotes capillatus (5%). Regarding sheep, 39% and 24% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were carrying lice. Damalinia ovis was the most frequently encountered lice on sheep in both regions. Linognathus ovillus also was identified in Souk-Ahras, representing 0.3% of the collected lice. Concerning goats, 53% and 30% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were parasitized of lice. Two species of lice were found: Damalinia caprae and Linognathus africanus. For farmyard chickens, 69% and 100% of the farmyard chicken in Souk-Ahras and Mila were parasitized by lice, respectively. Menopon gallinae was the most frequently encountered louse in farmyard chicken in both regions. Eight other species were identified in Mila and four other species only in Souk-Ahras. Finally, 25% and 28% of the wild boars in Annaba and El Tarf were parasitized by lice, respectively. Haematopinus suis was the only species found on wild boars in both regions.Conclusion:These results are to be taken into account for lice control schemes and louse-borne diseases.

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“…Murillo and Mullens [ 64 ] noted that most of these louse species are probably not of serious economic importance, with the exception of those that feed on blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inventory of lice of mammals and farmyard chicken in North-eastern Algeria

Meguini¹,

Righi²,

Zeroual³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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“…Among the chicken mites, three species were most prevalent [Ornithonyssus sylviarum (15%), Knemidocoptes mutans (10%), Dermanyssus gallinae (5%)]. It is noteworthy to mention that these parasites were exclusively detected in backyard flocks, not in commercial layers in California (Murillo and Mullens, 2016). Backyard flocks kept in and around the Mississippi river delta suffered from black fly (Simulium spp.)…”

Section: Parasitic Infestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosecurity Strategies for Backyard Poultry: A Controlled Way for Safe Food Production

Samanta

Joardar

Das

2018

Food Control and Biosecurity

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“…Common pathogens of entomoses and acarosids of chickens in poultry farms in Ukraine and around the world are a large group of invertebrates that are numerous in species composition and very diverse in their taxonomy, which belong to Arthropoda phylum, Insecta and Arachnoidea classes (Akbaev et al, 2008). Chickens are parasitized by red poultry mites or chicken mites Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778); they belong to the Parasitiformes order, the Gamasoidea superfamily, the Dermanyssidae family (Westheide et al, 1996;Mehlhorn & Piekarski, 2002); by ticks Ornithodoros sylviarum (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877) and Ornithonyssus bursa (Berlese, 1888) of the Dermanyssus genus of the Macronyssidae family of the Mesostigmata suborder (Bregetova, 1956;Denmark & Comroy, 2012); by Knemidocoptes mutans and K. laevis mites, the suborder Acariformes, Sarcoptoidea superfamily, the Sarcoptidae family (Vasilevich & Akbaev, 2011); by fowl tick Argas persicus (Oken, 1818) Parasitiformes order, the Ixodida order, Argas genus (Filipova, 1966); chewing lice (Mallophaga) classified (Redi, 1668) belonging to the Menoponidae family of the monotypic superfamily Menoponoidea, Phthiraptera order (Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch, 1818), Goniocotes hologaster, Lipeurus heterographus, Eomenacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae (Linnaeus, 1758), Menacanthus cornutus) (Akbaev, 2010); bed bugs Cimex lectularius (Linnaeus, 1755), which are classified in the Hemiptera order, Cimicidae family, Cimex genus (Mullen, 2010); Echidnophaga gallinacea fleas (Westwood, 1875) from the Pulicidae family; sometimes the poultry is attacked by Oriental rat fleas Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothschild et al, 1870) which belong to the Siphonaptera order (Murillo & Mullens, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ectoparasites are a problem in poultry rearing, in industrial as well as in farm and kitchen garden conditions (Puff, 1999). An examination of poultry houses in private holdings in Southern California found poultry mites D. gallinae -55%, Menacanthus stramineus chewing lice -5%, Goniocotes gallinae -3%, Lipeurus caponis -20%, Menopon gallinae -15%, Cuclotogaster heterographs -5%; Echidnophaga gallinacea fleas -20%, parasitic mites Ornithonyssus sylviarum -15% and Knemidocoptes mutans -10% (Murillo & Mullens, 2016). According Rezaei et al (2016), during the examination of poultry houses in Colombia, D. gallinae mites were detected in 8.5% of households.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of poultry ectoparasites in industrial farms, farms, and private plots with different rearing technologies

2018

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One of the problems in growing and keeping poultry, both in industrial and farm and kitchen garden environments is ectoparasites, which are responsible for lowering the productivity of poultry and causing economic losses. The study of the prevalence and diagnosis of bird ectoparasites on poultry farms with different maintenance technologies is important for the further development of integrated methods for combating them. Our research was conducted during 2006–2017 in 16 regions of Ukraine and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. In total, 38 poultry farms specializing in egg production with poultry kept in battery cages, 18 poultry houses specializing in egg production with poultry kept on the floor and more than 150 farm and kitchen garden poultry houses for keeping chickens, turkeys, quails, guinea fowl and pigeons were examined. We found that, both with battery cages and when poultry are kept on the floor in poultry farms, the most common ectoparasites are chicken mites (Dermanyssus gallinae), which causes the disease of dermanyssiosis. It was determined that the extensivity of the invasion was, on average, from 56% to 80%. Also, in the chickens and turkeys, mallophages (Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus), which cause mallophagoses, were detected, and the extensivity of the invasion ranged from 27% to 45%. In farms and kitchen gardens where chickens, guinea fowl and quails were kept, the number of chicken mites in 1 g substrate was more than a thousand live mites, in dovecotes chicken mites were found in 50% to 100% of nests. In chickens and turkeys, besides the chicken mite, bird lice were found. In chickens, extensivity of invasion of M. gallinae, M. stramineus, Lipeurus variabilis, ranged from 15% to 22%, in turkeys, extensivity of invasion of M. gallinae and M. stramineus ranged from 16% to 25%. The scaly leg mite (Knemidocoptes mutans), which causes the disease knemidocoptiasis ("lame leg"), was detected in incubating hens over the age of two years, the extensivity of the invasion ranged from 5% to 7%. It was established that in poultry farms, both in battery cages and when the birds were kept on the floor, the main ectoparasite in chickens, guinea fowl and quail is red chicken mite (D. gallinae), and on poultry farms and kitchen gardens in addition to the chicken mite, three types of bird lice (M. gallinae, M. stramineus, L. variabilis) and K. mutans were found.

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Diversity and Prevalence of Ectoparasites on Backyard Chicken Flocks in California

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Inventory of lice of mammals and farmyard chicken in North-eastern Algeria

Inventory of lice of mammals and farmyard chicken in North-eastern Algeria

Biosecurity Strategies for Backyard Poultry: A Controlled Way for Safe Food Production

Distribution of poultry ectoparasites in industrial farms, farms, and private plots with different rearing technologies

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