Diversity and host specificity of Blastocystis in syntopic primates on Rubondo Island, Tanzania

Petrášová, Jana; Uzlíková, Magdalena; Kostka, Martin; Petrželková, Klára J.; Huffman, Michael A.; Modrý, David

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.06.010

Cited by 52 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Moreover, the 4 most common STs in humans have also been identified in other hosts, the most frequent of which were other primates, but they have also been found in numerous hoofed mammals, rodents and birds [13,19]. On the contrary, the rarer subtypes in humans (STs 5-8) were also more commonly discovered in other hosts: ST5 is common in livestock, apes, and old world monkeys, but rare in humans [3,9,18], while ST6 and ST7 are mostly found in birds, and ST6 has also been described in livestock and humans, while ST7 has also been found in humans [3,[20][21][22]. ST8 has been recognized in marsupials, different species of captive primates, their caregivers, and in pheasant [18,19,22], and ST9 has been reported in humans [15,22].…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, the rarer subtypes in humans (STs 5-8) were also more commonly discovered in other hosts: ST5 is common in livestock, apes, and old world monkeys, but rare in humans [3,9,18], while ST6 and ST7 are mostly found in birds, and ST6 has also been described in livestock and humans, while ST7 has also been found in humans [3,[20][21][22]. ST8 has been recognized in marsupials, different species of captive primates, their caregivers, and in pheasant [18,19,22], and ST9 has been reported in humans [15,22]. It has been suggested that these rarer subtypes in humans are of zoonotic derivation, and there is some confirmation to support that ST8 has frequently been found in zookeepers who work with non-human primates [19].…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Skotarczak¹

2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Blastocystis is a unicellular, anaerobic protist which lives in the intestinal tract of diverse animals, including humans. It was found that the host specificity and the pathogenic potential of different isolates are correlated with sequence variations in the SSU-rRNA gene. Identification of the organism to the species level is still an unresolved challenge. Genetic diversity revisions have led to the identification of 17 subtypes (STs) within the Blastocystis genus, and 9 (ST1 to ST9) have been reported in humans with varying prevalence. Since the members of the genus revealed a large genetic diversity, several molecular modalities of subtyping methods have been developed. Numerous studies on conveying the pathogenic potential to the molecular subtypes are available, but they could not be compared or analysed with the different molecular techniques employed. The use of different approaches may give false positives during diagnosis and the possibility of missed infections. A review of recent scientific literature indicates that the development of PCR assays is needed for molecular epidemiology and for mixed infections in health and disease cohorts, and also to help identify sources of Blastocystis transmission to humans, as well as to identify potential animal and environmental reservoirs. This review summarizes some of the recent progress and improvements in Blastocystis research on genetic diversity, taxonomy, molecular epidemiology, pathogenicity and subtyping methods.

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Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Skotarczak¹

2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…are commonly found in stools from humans and numerous animal hosts (341,418). There is considerable genetic heterogeneity within Blastocystis organisms, and currently, human, mammalian, avian, and reptilian isolates have been assigned to 1 of 13 subtypes (312,341,384,402). While it is unclear whether any of these subtypes are specific to human disease, Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Blastocystis Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advancements in the sequence analysis of Blastocystis-specific PCR products and subtype-specific PCR primers have led to progress in identifying several subtypes (268,312,341,402,418,451). PCR using the SSU rRNA gene is being used increasingly for detection of Blastocystis spp.…”

Section: Blastocystis Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal illness due to better hygiene conditions, and as such, very little effort is used toward laboratory diagnosis. Although these protozoa contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases, estimates of their true prevalence are sometimes affected by the lack of sensitive diagnostic techniques to detect them in clinical and environmental specimens. Despite recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular biology, and treatment of protozoan illnesses, gaps in knowledge still exist, requiring further research. There is evidence that climate-related changes will contribute to their burden due to displacement of ecosystems and human and animal populations, increases in atmospheric temperature, flooding and other environmental conditions suitable for transmission, and the need for the reuse of alternative water sources to meet growing population needs. This review discusses the common enteric protozoa from a public health perspective, highlighting their epidemiology, modes of transmission, prevention, and control. It also discusses the potential impact of climate changes on their epidemiology and the issues surrounding waterborne transmission and suggests a multidisciplinary approach to their prevention and control.

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“…1). Later, Petrášová et al (2011) identified an infection in a Colobus monkey in Tanzania as ST5 based on the sequence of the 5' one-third of the gene -the barcode region defined by Scicluna et al (2006). The Colobus sequence was not identical to previously-known ST5 sequences but that was the most closely related subtype in the databases.…”

Section: Blastocystismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Blastocystis Research

Clark

Giezen

Alfellani

et al. 2013

Advances in Parasitology

249

216

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Abstract:Blastocystis is a common parasite of the human large intestine but has an uncertain role in disease. In this review, we appraise the published evidence addressing this and its weaknesses. Genetic diversity studies have led to the identification of numerous subtypes within the genus Blastocystis and, recently, methods for studying variation within subtypes have been developed, with implications for our understanding of host specificity. The geographic distribution of subtypes is summarised and the impact this may have on investigations into the role of the organism in disease is discussed. Finally, we describe the organelle and nuclear genome characteristics and look to future developments in the field.

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Diversity and host specificity of Blastocystis in syntopic primates on Rubondo Island, Tanzania

Cited by 52 publications

References 54 publications

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Recent Developments in Blastocystis Research

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