Diversity and geographical distribution of Leishmania species and the emergence of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and L. (Viannia) panamensis in Central-Western Venezuela

LA, Lourdes A. Delgado-Noguera; Hernández‐Pereira, Carlos E.; Castillo-Castañeda, Adriana; Patiño, Luz Helena; Castañeda, Sergio; Herrera, Giovanny; Mogollón, Euler; Muñoz, Marina; Duran, Alexander; Loyo, Doris; Pacheco, Mirna; Arena, Luzmir; Isquiel, Glenis; Yepez, Lisbeth; Colmenarez, Beatriz; Caviedes, Mayeli; Mendez, Yamilet; Herrera, Sandry; Ramírez, Juan David; Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto Enrique

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106901

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…1 and 2 ). Despite the relatively limited sample size scrutinized in this study, our results concur with earlier studies [ 43 , 60 – 62 ]. These results underline not only the prevalence of these species in vulnerable populations that frequently deploy to high-endemic regions, exhibiting continuous movement between urban and rural areas, where numerous vectors and reservoirs coexist, thereby contributing to the spread of leishmaniasis [ 63 , 64 ], but also spotlight the predominance of species linked to different forms of Leishmaniasis [ 65 – 68 ], which exhibit a notable capacity to induce a low immune response [ 68 , 69 ] while displaying variable response to anti-leishmanial therapy [ 68 , 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Validation of Oxford nanopore sequencing for improved New World Leishmania species identification via analysis of 70-kDA heat shock protein

Patiño,

Ballesteros,

Muñoz

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania. This infection is characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations, with symptoms greatly dependent on the causal parasitic species. Here we present the design and application of a new 70-kDa heat shock protein gene (hsp70)-based marker of 771 bp (HSP70-Long). We evaluated its sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic performance employing an amplicon-based MinION™ DNA sequencing assay to identify different Leishmania species in clinical samples from humans and reservoirs with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). We also conducted a comparative analysis between our novel marker and a previously published HSP70 marker known as HSP70-Short, which spans 330 bp. Methods A dataset of 27 samples from Colombia, Venezuela and the USA was assembled, of which 26 samples were collected from humans, dogs and cats affected by CL and one sample was collected from a dog with VL in the USA (but originally from Greece). DNA was extracted from each sample and underwent conventional PCR amplification utilizing two distinct HSP70 markers: HSP70-Short and HSP70-Long. The subsequent products were then sequenced using the MinION™ sequencing platform. Results The results highlight the distinct characteristics of the newly devised HSP70-Long primer, showcasing the notable specificity of this primer, although its sensitivity is lower than that of the HSP70-Short marker. Notably, both markers demonstrated strong discriminatory capabilities, not only in distinguishing between different species within the Leishmania genus but also in identifying instances of coinfection. Conclusions This study underscores the outstanding specificity and effectiveness of HSP70-based MinION™ sequencing, in successfully discriminating between diverse Leishmania species and identifying coinfection events within samples sourced from leishmaniasis cases. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Validation of Oxford nanopore sequencing for improved New World Leishmania species identification via analysis of 70-kDA heat shock protein

Patiño,

Ballesteros,

Muñoz

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…By applying the second set of primers (variant 2), L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) braziliensis were effectively differentiated, but L. (V.) peruviana vs. L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (V.) panamensis vs. L. (V.) guyanensis remained within the same variant and were, thus, not possible to distinguish. The separation of these species is especially relevant in sympatric regions such as the Andean region in Peru [23,24], Colombia [25,26], Venezuela [27] and Bolivia [28]. Further steps with an additional primer design must be developed to specifically address the purpose of typing these species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HRM Accuracy and Limitations as a Species Typing Tool for Leishmania Parasites

Filgueira,

Pitta-Pereira,

Cantanhêde

et al. 2023

IJMS

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High Resolution Melting Analysis (HRM) has been pointed out as a suitable alternative method to detect and identify Leishmania species. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and limitations of a HSP70-HRM protocol both as a diagnostic scheme applied in clinical samples and as a species typing tool for laboratory research and reference services. Our data reveal the pronounced species-typing potential of the HSP70-HRM in DNA from cultured parasites. For clinical samples, however, we advise caution due to parasite load-dependent accuracy. In light of these findings and considering the importance of parasite load determination for clinical and research purposes, we recommend the integration of the presented typing scheme and the previously published Leishmania quantifying approach as combined tools for clinicians, surveillance, and research.

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“…Leishmania is also another prominent disease in the world. This parasite is also transmitted by mosquitoes, is mostly found in tropical regions, and exists in about 90 countries of the world (5). Due to the activity of the body's immune system to destroy this parasite, wounds are created at the site of the mosquito bite.…”

Section: Arthropodamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Science of Parasitology Simply for the General Public

Ghorbani

Garedaghi

2023

Int J Med Parasitol Epidemiol Sci

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Every year, millions of people in the world are infected with parasitic diseases, and the main conflict with parasitic diseases is in countries with hot and humid climates and low levels of hygiene. Parasites can damage human and animal communities in different ways, and these damages can be highly extensive. Parasites exist in microscopic and macroscopic forms, which are transmitted to humans and animals through different ways, including water, food, or insect bites. Controlling and examining the transmission ways of parasites is the most important way to prevent parasitic diseases. Although these control programs are being implemented today, one of the extremely important points in controlling parasites is that parasites are eukaryotic organisms, and treatment and control of these organisms is much more difficult compared to prokaryotic organisms. Accordingly, increasing public knowledge is the best way to deal with parasites.

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Diversity and geographical distribution of Leishmania species and the emergence of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and L. (Viannia) panamensis in Central-Western Venezuela

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Validation of Oxford nanopore sequencing for improved New World Leishmania species identification via analysis of 70-kDA heat shock protein

Validation of Oxford nanopore sequencing for improved New World Leishmania species identification via analysis of 70-kDA heat shock protein

HRM Accuracy and Limitations as a Species Typing Tool for Leishmania Parasites

An Overview of the Science of Parasitology Simply for the General Public

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