Diversity and Evolutionary Histories of Human Coronaviruses NL63 and 229E Associated with Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Symptoms in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Al-Khannaq, Maryam Nabiel; Ng, Kim Tien; Oong, Xiang Yong; Pang, Yong Kek; Takebe, Yutaka; Chook, Jack Bee; Hanafi, Nik Sherina; Kamarulzaman, Adeeba; Tee, Kok Keng

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0810

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Winter is the peak season in the northern hemisphere for the four seasonal human coronaviruses: HKU1, NL63, OC43, and 229E (hereafter collectively referred to as "seasonal CoVs") ( Al-Khannaq et al, 2016 ; Friedman et al, 2018 ; Galanti et al, 2019 , Góes et al, 2019 ; Huang et al, 2017 ; Killerby et al, 2018 ). These viruses cause respiratory infections that are generally mild and primarily affect young children, for example, the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus (A/H1N1pdm09) which originated in March 2009 in Mexico and spread worldwide in a matter of weeks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 viability under different meteorological conditions, surfaces, fluids and transmission between animals

Fernández‐Raga

Díaz-Marugán²,

Escolano

et al. 2021

Environmental Research

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Since the COVID-19 outbreak, researchers have tried to characterise the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of the virus and prevent further dissemination. As a consequence, there has been a bloom in scientific research papers focused on the behaviour of the virus in different environmental contexts. Nevertheless, despite these efforts and due to its novelty, available information about this coronavirus is limited, as several research studies are still ongoing. This review aims to shed light on this issue. To that end, we have examined the scientific literature to date regarding the viability of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces and fluids or under different environmental conditions (temperature, precipitation and UV radiation). We have also addressed the role of animals in the transmission of this coronavirus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 viability under different meteorological conditions, surfaces, fluids and transmission between animals

Fernández‐Raga

Díaz-Marugán²,

Escolano

et al. 2021

Environmental Research

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“…As a result, many respiratory viruses show clear seasonal variation in prevalence; the most well-known example being seasonal influenza which peaks every winter in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere [14]. A similar pattern is seen for the four seasonal human coronaviruses: HKU1, NL63, OC43 and 229E (hereafter collectively referred to as "seasonal CoVs") [15][16][17][18][19][20]. These viruses cause respiratory infections which usually are mild and primarily affect young children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Potential impact of seasonal forcing on a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

et al. 2020

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A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) first detected in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly since December 2019, causing more than 100,000 confirmed infections and 4000 fatalities (as of 10 March 2020). The outbreak has been declared a pandemic by the WHO on Mar 11, 2020.Here, we explore how seasonal variation in transmissibility could modulate a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Data from routine diagnostics show a strong and consistent seasonal variation of the four endemic coronaviruses (229E, HKU1, NL63, OC43) and we parameterise our model for SARS-CoV-2 using these data. The model allows for many subpopulations of different size with variable parameters. Simulations of different scenarios show that plausible parameters result in a small peak in early 2020 in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and a larger peak in winter 2020/2021. Variation in transmission and migration rates can result in substantial variation in prevalence between regions.While the uncertainty in parameters is large, the scenarios we explore show that transient reductions in the incidence rate might be due to a combination of seasonal variation and infection control efforts but do not necessarily mean the epidemic is contained. Seasonal forcing on SARS-CoV-2 should thus be taken into account in the further monitoring of the global transmission. The likely aggregated effect of seasonal variation, infection control measures, and transmission rate variation is a prolonged pandemic wave with lower prevalence at any given time, thereby providing a window of opportunity for better preparation of health care systems.

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“…The two Florida sequences also clustered with genotype C sequences and formed a separate but highly supported sub-clade (P > 0.95), with a most recent common ancestor dating back to 2014 (95% HPD intervals 2013.5-2014.5). The Haitian and Florida isolates and a strain from Malaysia are part of a larger sub-clade branching off independently from several genotype C Malaysian sequences, 17 which would suggest an Asian origin for the new strains, although the sub-clade does not have strong statistical support (P < 0.9). Overall, the data are consistent with at least two recent and independent introductions of HCoV-NL63 virus in the region (one in Haiti, one in north Florida), possibly originating from east Asia.…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Isolation of Coronavirus NL63 from Blood from Children in Rural Haiti: Phylogenetic Similarities with Recent Isolates from Malaysia

Rochars¹,

Lednicky²,

White³

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Human coronavirus (HCoV) NL63 is recognized as a common cause of upper respiratory infections and influenza-like illness. In screening children with acute undifferentiated febrile illness in a school cohort in rural Haiti, we identified HCoV-NL63 in blood samples from four children. Cases clustered over an 11-day period; children did not have respiratory symptoms, but two had gastrointestinal complaints. On phylogenetic analysis, the Haitian HCoV-NL63 strains cluster together in a highly supported monophyletic clade linked most closely with recently reported strains from Malaysia; two respiratory HCoV-NL63 strains identified in north Florida in the same general period form a separate clade, albeit again with close linkages with the Malaysian strains. Our data highlight the variety of presentations that may be seen with HCoV-NL63, and underscore the apparent ease with which CoV strains move among countries, with our data consistent with recurrent introduction of strains into the Caribbean (Haiti and Florida) from Asia.

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Diversity and Evolutionary Histories of Human Coronaviruses NL63 and 229E Associated with Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Symptoms in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

SARS-CoV-2 viability under different meteorological conditions, surfaces, fluids and transmission between animals

SARS-CoV-2 viability under different meteorological conditions, surfaces, fluids and transmission between animals

Potential impact of seasonal forcing on a SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Isolation of Coronavirus NL63 from Blood from Children in Rural Haiti: Phylogenetic Similarities with Recent Isolates from Malaysia

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