SARS-CoV-2 viability under different meteorological conditions, surfaces, fluids and transmission between animals

Fernández‐Raga, María; Díaz-Marugán, Laura; Escolano, Marta García; Bort, Carlos; Fanjul, Víctor

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2020.110293

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…The persistence in cotton (i.e., a highly porous material) was markedly shorter. Despite the variations due to the experimental conditions (e.g., viral titer, relative humidity, tested materials), these results are in line with other reports on the topic, [ 28 ] which underlined the need for constant sanitization and hand‐washing, calling for investigations to develop new functional coatings that help to shorten the persistence of pathogens. A recent perspective article highlighted the importance of the development of efficient antimicrobial surfaces, with particular emphasis on polymeric materials due to their constant presence in our everyday life.…”

Section: Antiviral Surfaces and Coatingssupporting

confidence: 88%

Graphene: A Disruptive Opportunity for COVID‐19 and Future Pandemics?

et al. 2021

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The graphene revolution, which has taken place during the last 15 years, has represented a paradigm shift for science. The extraordinary properties possessed by this unique material have paved the road to a number of applications in materials science, optoelectronics, energy, and sensing. Graphene‐related materials (GRMs) are now produced in large scale and have found niche applications also in the biomedical technologies, defining new standards for drug delivery and biosensing. Such advances position GRMs as novel tools to fight against the current COVID‐19 and future pandemics. In this regard, GRMs can play a major role in sensing, as an active component in antiviral surfaces or in virucidal formulations. Herein, the most promising strategies reported in the literature on the use of GRM‐based materials against the COVID‐19 pandemic and other types of viruses are showcased, with a strong focus on the impact of functionalization, deposition techniques, and integration into devices and surface coatings.

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Section: Antiviral Surfaces and Coatingssupporting

confidence: 88%

Graphene: A Disruptive Opportunity for COVID‐19 and Future Pandemics?

et al. 2021

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“…The meteorological factors such as temperature and humidity have impacts on transmission of COVID-19. It is generally accepted that a higher temperature would inactivate SARS-CoV-2 ( Guo et al, 2021 ; Notari, 2021 ) and a higher humidity is associated with spreading SARS-CoV-2 ( Ratnesar-Shumate et al, 2020 ; Crema, 2021 ; Fernandez-Raga et al, 2021 ) although there are very few cases which showed the opposite result ( Ma et al, 2020 ). The uncertainty exists about the influence of temperature and humidity on the propagation of COVID-19, which requires more systematic investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple relationships between aerosol and COVID-19: A framework for global studies

et al. 2021

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COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) is a severe respiratory syndrome currently causing a human global pandemic. The original virus, along with newer variants, is highly transmissible. Aerosol is a multiphase system consisting of the atmosphere with suspended solid and liquid particles, which can carry toxic and harmful substances; especially the liquid components. The degree to which aerosol can carry the virus and cause COVID-19 disease is of significant research importance. In this study, we have discussed the aerosol transmission as the pathway of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), and the aerosol pollution reduction as a consequence of the COVID-19 lockdown. The aerosol transmission routes of the SARS-CoV-2 can be further subdivided into proximal human-exhaled aerosol transmission and potentially more distal ambient aerosol transmission. The human-exhaled aerosol transmission is a direct dispersion of the SARS-CoV-2. The ambient aerosol transmission is an indirect dispersion of the SARS-CoV-2 in which the aerosol act as a carrier to spread the virus. This indirect dispersion can also stimulate the up-regulation of the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE-2 (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2) and protease TMPRSS2 (Transmembrane Serine Protease 2), thereby increasing the incidence and mortality of COVID-19. From the aerosol quality data around the world, it can be seen that often atmospheric pollution has significantly decreased due to factors such as the reduction of traffic, industry, cooking and coal-burning emissions during the COVID-19 lockdown. The airborne transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2, the infectivity of the virus in ambient aerosols, and the reduction of aerosol pollution levels due to the lockdowns are crucial research subjects.

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“…A study of 24 139 positive SARS‐CoV‐2 cases was conducted in 26 regions in China, and the results showed that with a 1°C increase in the minimum ambient air temperature, the cumulative number of cases decreases by 0.86% 5 . Scientific studies dealing with the viability of the virus on surfaces have confirmed that the virus can survive and maintain its infective potential for a variable period on different surfaces, and therefore this is not discussed in this study 6,7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sensitivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 to different temperatures

Liu

et al. 2020

Anim Models and Exp Med

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This study was designed to investigate the sensitivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 to different temperatures, to provide basic data and a scientific basis for the control of COVID‐19 epidemic. The virus was dispersed in 1 mL basal DMEM medium at a final concentration of 103.2 TCID50/mL and then incubated at 4, 22, 30, 35, 37, 38, 39 and 40°C for up to 5 days. The infectivity of residual virus was titrated using the Vero E6 cell line. The results showed that the virus remained viable for 5 days at 4°C, and for 1 day only at 22 and 30°C. We found that the infectivity of the virus was completely lost after less than 12 hours at 37, 38 and 39°C, while at 40°C, the inactivation time of the virus was rapidly reduced to 6 hours. We show that SARS‐CoV‐2 is sensitive to heat, is more stable at lower temperatures than higher temperature, remains viable for longer at lower temperatures, and loses viability rapidly at higher temperatures.

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SARS-CoV-2 viability under different meteorological conditions, surfaces, fluids and transmission between animals

Cited by 23 publications

References 94 publications

Graphene: A Disruptive Opportunity for COVID‐19 and Future Pandemics?

Graphene: A Disruptive Opportunity for COVID‐19 and Future Pandemics?

Multiple relationships between aerosol and COVID-19: A framework for global studies

Sensitivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 to different temperatures

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