Diversity and ecology of tropical African fungal spores from a 25,000-year palaeoenvironmental record in southeastern Kenya

Geel, B. van; Gelorini, Vanessa; Lyaruu, Anna; Aptroot, André; Rucina, Stephen M.; Marchant, Robert; Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe; Verschuren, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.01.002

Cited by 143 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Such indicators are fossil hyphopodia Gaeumannomyces cf. caricis, which can serve to distinguish Carex among other vegetative remains [8]. Also in this research, hyphopodia characteristic of the genus Gaeumannomyces were found among the remains from the settlement layers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…In addition to plant micro-remains, samples of palynological material very often -and sometimes in abundance -contain other remains [1][2][3][4], with various systematic groups of fungi sensu lato [5] in several developmental stages of among them. Particularly intense development of the interest into the palaeomycological matters can be dated back to the second half of the 20th century [6][7][8][9]. Multidisciplinary research combining palynological and mycological analyses has been also carried out in Poland [2,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycological and palynological studies of early medieval cultural layers from strongholds in Pszczew and Santok (western Poland)

Mazurkiewicz-Zapalowicz

Okuniewska-Nowaczyk

2015

Acta Mycol

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Cultural layers from early medieval strongholds in Pszczew and Santok have been examined for the presence of pollen grains and spores as well as residues of fungi. The presence of the following remains has been recorded: fossil hyphopodia of Gaeumannomyces, teliospores of Puccinia, spores of Bipolaris, Thecaphora and Tilletia, teliospores of the genus Urocystis, Ustilago and Uromyces, ascocarps (perithecium) of the Ascomycota or the pycnidium of Sphaeropsidales. A greater diversity and abundance of fungi spores sensu lato was recorded in Santok, as compared to Pszczew. Both early medieval sites recorded a significant proportion of cereal pollen, including Secale cereale. It remains an undisputed fact that the grains and other plants collected in both strongholds were strongly infected with fungi. The analysis of the cultural layers for the presence of fungi remains provides significant data on the presence of certain species of plants and their growth conditions in natural environments and in agriculture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycological and palynological studies of early medieval cultural layers from strongholds in Pszczew and Santok (western Poland)

Mazurkiewicz-Zapalowicz

Okuniewska-Nowaczyk

2015

Acta Mycol

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“…Deviation from this methodology occurred in sample V5 where fungal spore type HdV-123 was overrepresented, accounting for 698.3% of the pollen sum; here the NPP count was increased until a minimum of 100 non-HdV-123 fungal spores had been counted. Identification of NPPs was undertaken using the available literature (van Geel, 1978;van Geel et al, 1981van Geel et al, , 1983van Geel et al, , 1989van Geel et al, , 2003van Geel et al, , 2011aBakker and van Smeerdijk, 1982;Hooghiemstra, 1984;van Smeerdijk, 1989;Rull and Vegas-Vilarrúbia, 1999;van Geel and Aptroot, 2006;Rull et al, 2008;Cugny et al, 2010;Montoya et al, 2010Montoya et al, , 2012Gelorini et al, 2011;López-Vila et al, 2014), types were recorded, and their known ecological affinities were described (Supplementary Appendix A). New NPP morphotypes encountered were assigned a unique code with the designation OU (The Open University), and their morphological characteristics were described based on a minimum of five examples (Supplementary Appendix B).…”

Section: Fungal Non-pollen Palynomorphsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying environmental drivers of fungal non-pollen palynomorphs in the montane forest of the eastern Andean flank, Ecuador

2017

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Samples taken from sedimentary archives indicate that fungal non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) can be used to provide information on forest cover, fire regime, and depositional environment in the eastern Andean flank montane forest of Ecuador. Within the 52 samples examined, 54 fungal NPP morphotypes are reported, of which 25 were found to be previously undescribed. Examination of fungal NPPs over a gradient of forest cover (2-64%) revealed three distinct assemblages: (1) low (<8%) forest cover Neurospora, IBB-16, HdV-201, OU-102, and OU-110 indicative of an open degraded landscape; (2) medium (8-32%) forest cover Cercophora-type 1, Xylariaceae, Rosellinia-type, Kretzschmaria deusta, Amphirosellinia, Sporormiella, and Glomus suggestive of a forested landscape disturbed by herbivores and soil erosion; and (3) high (32-63%) forest cover Anthostomella fuegiana, OU-5, OU-101, OU-108, and OU-120. Environmental variables for forest cover (forest pollen), available moisture (aquatic remains), regional fire regime (microcharcoal), and sediment composition (organic carbon) were found to explain~40% of the variance in the fungal NPP data set. Fire was found to be the primary control on fungal NPP assemblage composition, with available moisture and sediment composition the next most important factors.

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“…Por otra parte, los altos porcentajes de Gelasinospora, tipo Cercophora y tipo Sordariaceae, comúnmente encontrados en el estiércol humano y de otros animales sugieren actividades de subsistencia agrícola, caza y domesticación de animales Van Geel et al 2011) (figs. 9-10).…”

Section: Dieta Y Subsistenciaunclassified

“…9). Glomeromycota indica la diversidad de plantas naturales y cultivadas en la zona (Wang y Liu 2006;Van Geel et al 2011) (fig. 14).…”

Section: Uso Y Función De La Cerámicaunclassified

Manejo y cultivo de plantas en sierras húmedas del NE de Brasil ca. 670-530 BP: evidencias palinológicas del yacimiento Evaristo I

et al. 2015

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paleoclimáticos debido a problemas tafonómicos que afectan la preservación polínica , sin embargo nos ofrecen a menudo información muy valiosa sobre las actividades humanas y las culturas prehistóricas (Dimbleby 1985; Holloway y Bryant 1986). El polen de plantas consumidas por antiguas poblaciones adherido a las vasijas cerámicas, piedras de moler u otros artefactos Los estudios arqueopalinológicos ayudan a la comprensión de los aspectos culturales de las poblaciones humanas en el pasado, especialmente a través de los cambios en la vegetación natural causados por la acción antrópica (Bryant y Hall 1993;Carrión et al. 2009

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Diversity and ecology of tropical African fungal spores from a 25,000-year palaeoenvironmental record in southeastern Kenya

Cited by 143 publications

References 53 publications

Mycological and palynological studies of early medieval cultural layers from strongholds in Pszczew and Santok (western Poland)

Mycological and palynological studies of early medieval cultural layers from strongholds in Pszczew and Santok (western Poland)

Identifying environmental drivers of fungal non-pollen palynomorphs in the montane forest of the eastern Andean flank, Ecuador

Manejo y cultivo de plantas en sierras húmedas del NE de Brasil ca. 670-530 BP: evidencias palinológicas del yacimiento Evaristo I

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