Diversitas dan sebaran kumbang staphylinid di lahan pertanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) dan ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.)

Abstract

Diversitas dan sebaran kumbang staphylinid di lahan pertanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) dan ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.)The diversity and distribution of staphylinid beetles in paddy and sweet potato fields ABSTRAKKumbang staphylinid (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) dicirikan dengan elitra yang tidak menutupi seluruh abdomen dan tubuh berwarna oranye, cokelat, dan hitam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keanekaragaman dan pola distribusi populasi spesies staphylinid di lahan pertanaman padi dan ubi jalar. Pengamatan keanekaragaman kumbang dilakukan dengan metode road sampling di lahan pertanaman padi dan ubi jalar. Pengamatan distribusi populasi kumbang dilakukan dalam plot berukuran 1 m x 1 m yang diletakkan secara sistematik di lahan pertanaman ubi jalar. Penelitian ini mendapatkan 7 spesies kumbang staphylinid, lima spesies kumbang (Paederus fuscipes Curtis, Stenus sp., Astenus sp., Hypostenus sp., dan Cryptobium abdominale Motsch.) didapatkan dari lahan pertanaman padi dan 5 spesies (P. fuscipes, Medon sp., Stenus sp., Hypostenus prahoeensis Benick, dan Philonthus sp.) didapatkan di lahan pertanaman ubi jalar. Kumbang P. fuscipes ditemukan dominan di kedua tipe lahan. Indeks keanekaragam spesies kumbang staphylinid di lahan pertanian termasuk rendah. Di habitat ubi jalar, kumbang P. fuscipes memiliki indeks nilai penting tertinggi (INP = 115,98%), diikuti Stenus sp. (69,35%), dan H. prahoeensis (5,65%). Kumbang P. fuscipes, Medon sp., Stenus sp., dan Philonthus sp. mempunyai pola sebaran seragam, sedangkan H. prahoeensis mempunyai pola sebaran mengelompok.Kata kunci: distribusi populasi, keanekaaragaman, lahan pertanian, staphylinid ABSTRACT Staphylinid beetle (Coleoptera) is characterized by short elytra with orange, brown, or black body color. The objective of this research was to analyse diversity of staphylinid beetles in paddy and sweet potato fields and distribution of the species in sweet potato field. Collections of beetle were done by using road sampling method in two types of agricultural fields. Distribution of beetle population were observed in the plots (1 m x 1 m) placed systematically. Seven species of staphylinids were found in this research. Five species (Paederus fuscipes Curtis, Stenus sp., Astenus sp., Hypostenus sp., and Cryptobium abdominale Motsch.) were found in paddy fields. We also found five species of staphylinid beetles (P. fuscipes, Medon sp., Stenus sp., Hypostenus prahoeensis Benick, and Philonthus sp.) in sweet potato fileds. In paddy and sweet potato fileds were dominated by P. fuscipes. Diversity of staphylinid in paddy and sweet potato fields were low. In sweet potato fields, P. fuscipes showed highest important value index (115.98%), followed by Stenus sp. (69.35%), and H. prahoeensis (5.65%). and Population distribution of P. fuscipes, Medon sp., Stenus sp., dan Philonthus sp. were uniform, while H. prahoeensis was clump.

The Influence of Landscape Composition on The Diversity and Abundance of Beetles in Rice Cultivation

“…Changes in ecosystems and seasons are the main factors in developing the Paederus beetle. This beetle likes moist places, especially on soils that contain much organic matter (Atmowidi et al, 2013).…”

Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Hama Dan Musuh Alami Pada Lahan Padi Jajar Legowo Dan Konvensional

“…Umumnya ditemukan pada tajuk dan juga dekat permukaan tanah untuk memangsa hama. Hal ini sesuai pendapat (Atmowidi et al, 2016) bahwa imago banyak ditemukan di tajuk tanaman, sedangkan larvanya hidup dan mencari mangsa di permukaan tanah. Kelimpahan populasi kumbang Paederus dapat dipengaruhi oleh fenologi tanaman dan ketersediaan mangsa.…”