Divergent selection for humoral  immune responsiveness in chickens:  distribution and effects of major  histocompatibility complex types

Pinard, M.H.; Arendonk, J.A.M. van; Nieuwland, MGB; Zipjpp, A.J. Van der

doi:10.1051/gse:19930206

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Dramatic increase of heritability in the L line may indicate the role of a few loci only. Heritability and genetic correlation may vary in relation to selection pressure and to gene frequency changes (Falconer, 1989), and the lines in the present study differ for MHC genes and other immune response genes (Pinard et al, 1993). Third, genes favored by selection in the H responders line were not associated with an enhanced resistance to MD, whereas some genes selected in the L line had potentially a direct or linked negative effect on resistance to MD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Third, genes favored by selection in the H responders line were not associated with an enhanced resistance to MD, whereas some genes selected in the L line had potentially a direct or linked negative effect on resistance to MD. This assumption may be illustrated by the B 1U B^ genotype, which became the most common genotype in the L line (44.6% in the 10th generation, Pinard et al, 1993) and was shown to be associated with a relatively low Ab response and the highest relative susceptibility to MD (Figure 3a). The second assumption explains Assumption one from a genetic standpoint, and may be also directly related to Assumption three.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Estimated BV for mortality from MD of ninth generation animals used to produced challenged chicks were obtained from Model [3] (MD.BV) and Model [4] (MDMHC.BV); MDMHC.BV are the "MHC-free estimated BV". Likewise, BV for Ab response to SRBC were estimated in the same ninth generation birds used to produced challenged chicks by using Model [5] (Ab.BV) and Model [6] (AbMHC.BV) (Pinard et al, 1993):…”

Section: Genetic Correlation Between Mortality From Marek's Disease Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Divergent Selection for Immune Responsiveness and of Major Histocompatibility Complex on Resistance to Marek's Disease in Chickens

et al. 1993

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Lines of chickens selected for nine generations for high (H) or low (L) antibody response to SRBC, a randombred control (C) line, and an F1 cross between H and L lines were challenged for resistance to Marek's disease (MD). Hens only were challenged at day-old by contact with virulent MD Strain K. Birds were serologically typed for MHC erythrocyte antigens. Chicks from the L and H lines died earlier and later, respectively, than the C chicks, whereas time of death did not differ between F1 birds and the L chicks. Mortality in the L line (70.1%) was higher than in the C line (42.8%), but mortality in the H line (40.9%) was not lower than in the C line or the F1 cross (47.5%). Effects of MHC genotypes and haplotypes on mortality from MD were estimated within lines with a logistic regression model. Effect of MHC was moderate in the H line (P < .10) and highly significant in the C line (P < .005). Effects of MHC genotypes were similar in the H and C line but differed in the L and F1. Heritability of mortality from MD estimated with a threshold model including relationships between individuals was .40 when all lines were grouped together, whereas heritability estimated for each line separately was .45, .51, and .78 in the H, C, and L lines, respectively. Correlations between estimated breeding values for antibody response to SRBC and mortality from MD varied between lines and sexes. Correlations also were affected by whether or not the MHC effect was taken into account.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Genetic Correlation Between Mortality From Marek's Disease Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Divergent Selection for Immune Responsiveness and of Major Histocompatibility Complex on Resistance to Marek's Disease in Chickens

et al. 1993

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“…Gross et al (1980) found positive associations between anti-SRBC antibody and resistance to viral and parasitic disease, but negative associations with bacterial diseases. Pinard et al (1993) found divergent Marek's disease responses in high and low anti-SRBC antibody lines. In an effort to improve early immune competence in broilers, chicks were selected for early response to Escherichia coli vaccination (Leitner et al, 1992).…”

Section: Genetic Selection On Immunophysiologic Traitsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A common feature of the aforementioned selection experiments is that, as a correlated response to selection for one or more immune-response traits, there was a significant difference between high and low response lines for MHC allelic frequencies (Martin et al, 1990;Pinard et al, 1993;Uni et al, 1993;Kean et al, 1994a).…”

Section: Genetic Selection On Immunophysiologic Traitsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Poultry Immunogenetics: Which Way Do We Go?

Lamont

1994

Poultry Science

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A major goal in poultry immunogenetics is the enhancement of innate immunoresponsiveness and resistance to disease. This may be pursued by studying either single genes or polygenic traits. The MHC is perhaps the best-characterized family of host genes that modulates response to a variety of antigens and pathogenic challenges. The association of different MHC alleles with disease resistance has been known for decades. But only recently has analysis at the DNA level opened new avenues of understanding and new opportunities for application of genetic variation in the MHC with immunoresponsiveness. An alternate approach to molecular analysis is selection for a desired phenotype controlled by polygenes. Several studies have illustrated the successful alteration of immunoresponsiveness by genetic selection for antibody production. Recently, a selection program based upon multiple traits of immune response was conducted. Results of this project demonstrated that selection on multiple immune-response traits altered immunophysiology, MHC allelic frequencies, and disease resistance. Several areas for future pursuits in poultry immunogenetics research are proposed.

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Differences in udder health and immune response traits of Holstein-Friesians, Norwegian Reds, and their crosses in second lactation

Begley

Buckley

Pierce

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to investigate potential differences in udder health and immune response traits among Holstein-Friesian (HF), Norwegian Red (NR), and NR x HF (NRX) cows on 30 commercial Irish dairy farms. A total of 648 second-lactation cows (HF n = 274, NR n = 207, and NRX n = 167) were immunized with hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) to induce antibody-mediated immune response (AMIR). Candida albicans was used to induce a cell-mediated immune response, with in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity used as the indicator. Antibody response to HEWL was measured by ELISA. Udder health defined as mean somatic cell score (SCS) over the lactation, mean SCS within 30 d of the beginning of the immunization, peak SCS for each individual cow during lactation, and incidence of mastitis were statistically superior for the NR. The NR had a greater primary AMIR, producing greater concentrations of anti-HEWL immunoglobulin G on d 14 compared with HF and NRX. No difference was observed among the breed groups in the magnitude of secondary AMIR (d 21 post-immunization) or cell-mediated immune response. The proportion of high and low responders was similar across breed groups. Cows with high AMIR and high cell-mediated immune response had significantly lower mean SCS within 30 d of the start of the immunization, but greater occurrence of clinical mastitis, recorded as a binary trait over the course of the lactation. Otherwise, no significant difference in udder health was evident between cows designated as high and low responders. Although differences in mean breed group SCS values were in line with group mean AMIR values, no association was found among the traits when correlated on an individual cow basis. Results highlight the superiority of the NR with regard to udder health and suggest that improvements to udder health may result from crossbreeding with the NR. However, the immune response traits investigated proved to be inconsistent indicators of udder health.

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Divergent selection for humoral immune responsiveness in chickens: distribution and effects of major histocompatibility complex types

Abstract: Summary -Chickens were selected for 10 generations for high and low antibody response to sheep red blood cells; in addition, a randombred control line was maintained. All birds (n = 1 602) from the 9th and 10th generations were typed for major histocompatibility complex B-types. All

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Divergent Selection for Immune Responsiveness and of Major Histocompatibility Complex on Resistance to Marek's Disease in Chickens

Effect of Divergent Selection for Immune Responsiveness and of Major Histocompatibility Complex on Resistance to Marek's Disease in Chickens

Poultry Immunogenetics: Which Way Do We Go?

Differences in udder health and immune response traits of Holstein-Friesians, Norwegian Reds, and their crosses in second lactation

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