Diuron degradation by bacteria from soil of sugarcane crops

Abstract

The isolation of microorganisms from soil impacted by xenobiotic chemicals and exposing them in the laboratory to the contaminant can provide important information about their response to the contaminants. The purpose of this study was to isolate bacteria from soil with historical application of herbicides and to evaluate their potential to degrade diuron. The isolation media contained either glucose or diuron as carbon source. A total of 400 bacteria were isolated, with 68% being Gram-positive and 32% Gram-negative. Most isolates showed potential to degrade between 10 and 30% diuron after five days of cultivation; however Stenotrophomonas acidophila TD4.7 and Bacillus cereus TD4.31 were able to degrade 87% and 68%, respectively. The degradation of diuron resulted in the formation of the metabolites DCPMU, DCPU, DCA, 3,4-CAC, 4-CA, 4-CAC and aniline. Based on these results it was proposed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa TD2.3, Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila TD4.7, B. cereus TD4.31 and Alcaligenes faecalis TG 4.48, act on 3,4-DCA and 4-CA by alkylation and dealkylation while Micrococcus luteus and Achromobacter sp follow dehalogenation directly to aniline. Growth on aniline as sole carbon source demonstrates the capacity of strains to open the aromatic ring. In conclusion, the results show that the role of microorganisms in the degradation of xenobiotics in the environment depends on their own metabolism and also on their synergistic interactions.

Microbially competent 3D skin: a test system that reveals insight into host–microbe interactions and their potential toxicological impact

“…The selection of these organisms followed practical considerations and with the intended later application of studying potential microbiome-mediated substance toxification in mind. Both species are biologically relevant (Chiller et al 2001 ; Wang et al 2019 ), have an established potential for xenobiotic metabolism (Egea et al 2017 ; Hanafy et al 2016 ; Sowada et al 2014 ; Viggor et al 2020 ) and have been isolated repeatedly from healthy volunteers at different sites (Khayyira et al 2020 ; Sowada et al 2014 ; Steglinska et al 2019 ; Wang et al 2019 ). Amongst the skin’s Micrococcaceae M. luteus is the predominant species (Chiller et al 2001 ).…”

Genome Sequencing and Comparative Analysis of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila Reveal Evolutionary Insights Into Sulfamethoxazole Resistance

“…Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila is able to degrade a number of organic pollutants, including Fomesafen [5-(2-chloro-4-[trifluoromethyl]phenoxy)-N-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzamide] ( Huang et al, 2017 ), Diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] ( Egea et al, 2017 ), and azo dye crystal violet ( Kim et al, 2002 ). Our comparative analysis of resistome in S. acidaminiphila revealed that the efflux pumps genes presented in all examined S. acidaminiphila strains.…”

Emerging Strategies for the Bioremediation of the Phenylurea Herbicide Diuron

“…First, DUR degrades into one or two N -demethylations of a urea group and generates two metabolites, DCPMU and DCPU, respectively. This is followed by the hydrolysis of the amide bond, generating the metabolite 3,4-DCA, which is the common microbial DUR degradation product ( Giacomazzi and Cochet, 2004 ; Egea et al, 2017 ; Silambarasan et al, 2020 ). Studies have also shown that some strains directly transform DUR to DCPU or 3,4-DCA without the formation of other intermediates ( Cui et al, 2014 ; Hussain et al, 2015 ).…”

“…Then, ortho-cleavage of the phenyl ring leads to the accumulation of cis , cis- muconic acid and 3-chloro- cis , cis -muconic acid, respectively, in the pyrocatechol and 4-chlorocatechol pathways. However, Egea et al (2017) and Silambarasan et al (2020) showed that catechol is the final metabolite after the deamination of aniline. Ellegaard-Jensen et al (2013 , 2014) and Perissini-Lopes et al (2016) found that some fungi, including Mortierella isabellina , Aspergillus brasiliensis G08, Cunninghamella elegans B06, Mortierella sp.…”