Diurnal variations in the mutagenicity of airborne particulate organic matter in California's south coast air basin

Pitts, James N.; Harger, William P.; Lokensgard, David M.; Fitz, Dennis R.; Scorziell, Gina M.; Mejia, Victoria

doi:10.1016/0165-7992(82)90117-8

Cited by 65 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The proportion of 9-NA in the dry season is much higher than in other studies conducted in Asian cities such as Kanazawa, Japan (Hayakawa et al, 2007); Hanoi ; and Fushun, China (Hayakawa et al, 2007). Several reports have suggested the generation of 9-NA from diesel exhaust (Pitts et al, 1982;Paputa-Peck et al, 1983). The extremely high concentration and proportion of 9-NA to the other NPAHs have not been observed even at a road side and is specific for Chiang Mai in dry season.…”

Section: Ambient Concentrations Of Npahsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Chuesaard

Chetiyanukornkul

Kameda

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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LG showed that biomass burning significantly contributes to air pollution in the dry season. 9-Nitroanthracene (9-NA) was the most abundant NPAH which suggests that 9-NA is generated from biomass burning. We proposed the [9-NA] -[1-nitropyrene (1-NP)] ratio as a new indicator for assessing the contribution of biomass burning. Biomass burning was a major source of PAHs and NPAHs in the dry season, whereas vehicle exhaust was the main contribution in the wet season. The high carcinogenic risks in the dry season correlate with more harmful air conditions during this season. Thus, it is important to control biomass burning to reduce air-pollution-related health risks during the dry season in northern Thailand.

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Section: Ambient Concentrations Of Npahsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Chuesaard

Chetiyanukornkul

Kameda

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…11 The potential health hazard of nitroarenes, which are known to contribute to the direct mutagenic activity of vehicle POM extracts, particularly those from diesel-fueled vehicles, has recently been discussed. 12 Our previous California Air Resources Board supported study of the diurnal variations in the direct and activatable bacterial mutagenicity of airborne POM in California's South Coast Air Basin (CSCAB) 13 ' 14 suggested strongly that mobile Copyright 1985-Air Ppllution Control Association source primary emissions were important contributors to the high mutagen levels we observed. Recently, Flessel and coworkers at the California Air Industrial Hygiene Laboratory reported that during smog episodes in Contra Costa County, California, in August and October 1981, vehicular transportation sources were the predominant mutagenic contributors.…”

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confidence: 71%

Diurnal Mutagenicity of Airborne Particulate Organic Matter Adjacent to a Heavily Traveled West Los Angeles Freeway

Pitts

Sweetman

Harger

et al. 1985

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

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The bacterial mutagenicity of ambient particulate organic matter (POM) was measured for consecutive 3-hour time intervals over a 27-hour period in March 1983 at two sites on opposite sides of the heavily traveled San Diego Freeway (I-405) in West Los Angeles (WLA), California, the diurnal variations in the direct (not requiring S9 metabolic activation) mutagenic burden of airborne particulates and the magnitude of the mutagen doses observed at these sites were similar to those previously observed at a site just east of downtown Los Angeles (ELA). Highs (~150 rev m~3) and lows (~35 rev m~3) in mutagen densities occurred over short time intervals (a few hours) probably due to changes in emissions, mixing heights and wind speeds. Offshore air flows which drained the air basin between midnight and 0600 PST resulted in elevated mutagen density levels at the western edge of the Los Angeles Basjn. The incremental burden of direct mutagens in respirable POM attributable to freeway traffic reached 50 rev m~3 during this study. Consistent with our results for ELA there was diminished response on the Salmonella typhimurium nitroreductase-deficient strain TA98NR vs. TA98 suggesting that nitroarenes contribute significantly to the direct mutagenicity of POM collected at the WLA sites.

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“…155 However, thus far there is no evidence of such artifacts in real samples of ambient airborne particles. Pitts et al 156 have shown that mutagenicity of a 24-hr sample was in good agreement with the sum of activities in 8 consecutive 3-hr samples, indicating that filter artifacts are of minor importance. We have found, in a recent study, 157 that whereas a good agreement was found between the results from PAH analysis on extracts from 24-hr samples collected by high volume sampling on various filter surfaces, the mutagenic activity varied considerably.…”

Section: A Ambient Air Particlesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Characterization of microbial mutagens in complex samples—methodology and application

Alfheim¹,

Bjørseth²,

Møller³

et al. 1984

Critical Reviews in Environmental Control

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Diurnal variations in the mutagenicity of airborne particulate organic matter in California's south coast air basin

Cited by 65 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Influence of Biomass Burning on the Levels of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Nitro Derivatives in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Diurnal Mutagenicity of Airborne Particulate Organic Matter Adjacent to a Heavily Traveled West Los Angeles Freeway

Characterization of microbial mutagens in complex samples—methodology and application

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