Diurnal dynamics of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in shoots and rhizomes of a perennial in a constructed wetland indicate down-regulation of below ground oxygen consumption

Faußer, Anna; Dusek, J.T.; Čı́žková, Hana; Kazda, Marian

doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw025

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Rhizomes and roots growing in flooded populations are aerated through active pressurization of fresh air (supplying O 2 ) by lysigenous aerenchyma (Faußer et al 2016) within the standing aerial stems (Buttery 1959), rhizomes and roots (except basal lateral ones) (Armstrong & Armstrong 1988;Jackson & Armstrong 1999;Faußer et al 2016; see also IV for the role of oxygenation in the competitive ability of P. australis). Rhizome walls comprise c. 50% aerenchyma (Rudescu, Niculescu & Chivu 1965).…”

Section: Aerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Flora of the British Isles:Phragmites australis

et al. 2017

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Summary1. This account presents comprehensive information on the biology of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (P. communis Trin.; common reed) that is relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors and to the abiotic environment, plant structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and diseases, as well as history including invasive spread in other regions, and conservation. 2. Phragmites australis is a cosmopolitan species native to the British flora and widespread in lowland habitats throughout, from the Shetland archipelago to southern England. It is widespread throughout Ireland and is native in the Channel Islands. Native populations occur naturally in temperate zones and on every continent except Antarctica. Some populations in Australia and North America have been introduced from elsewhere and have become naturalized, and in North America, some of these are known to be invasive where they compete with native local populations of P. australis. Typical habitats in Britain range from shallow still water along waterbody edges to marshlands, saltmarshes and drier habitat on slopes up to 470 m above sea level. Additional habitats outside Britain are springs in arid areas, riverine lowlands (À5 m above sea level) and groundwater seepage points up to 3600 m above sea level. Although it occurs on a wide range of substrates and can tolerate pH from 2Á5 to 9Á8, in Britain it prefers pH >4Á5 and elsewhere it thrives in mildly acidic to mildly basic conditions (pH 5Á5-7Á5). The species plays a pivotal role in the successional transition from open water to woodland. 3. Phragmites australis is a tall, helophytic, wind-pollinated grass with annual shoots up to 5 m above-ground level from an extensive system of rhizomes and stolons. A single silky inflorescence develops at the end of each fertile stem and produces 500-2000 seeds. The plant is highly variable genetically and morphologically. 4. Expansion of established populations is mainly through clonal growth of the horizontal rhizome system and ground-surface stolons, while new populations can establish from rhizomes, stem fragments and seeds. Shoots generally emerge in spring, with timing determined primarily by physiology that is mediated by external conditions (e.g. local climate including frost).*Nomenclature of vascular plants follows Stace (2010). This account supersedes that of Phragmites communis by Haslam (1972).

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Section: Aerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) within the standing aerial stems (Buttery ), rhizomes and roots (except basal lateral ones) (Armstrong & Armstrong ; Jackson & Armstrong ; Faußer et al . ; see also IV for the role of oxygenation in the competitive ability of P. australis ). Rhizome walls comprise c. 50% aerenchyma (Rudescu, Niculescu & Chivu ).…”

Section: Structure and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Phragmites australis

et al. 2017

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“…Still, spatiotemporal partitioning of oxic (aerobic) and anoxic (anaerobic) microsites is poorly understood at the aggregate scale in most environments, especially regarding how neighboring microsites might be bridged by coupled aerobic and anaerobic pathways spanning local redox transitions. Aerobic microsites in otherwise hypoxic/anoxic soil environments, such as wetlands, are extremely important to consider in this context [19,20]. The biogeochemical cycling of C and N in wetland soils is tightly regulated by the presence and distribution of O 2 in the rhizosphere.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Heterogeneity Entangles Soil and Climate Interactions

Wilmoth

2021

Sustainability

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Interactions between soils and climate impact wider environmental sustainability. Soil heterogeneity intricately regulates these interactions over short spatiotemporal scales and therefore needs to be more finely examined. This paper examines how redox heterogeneity at the level of minerals, microbial cells, organic matter, and the rhizosphere entangles biogeochemical cycles in soil with climate change. Redox heterogeneity is used to develop a conceptual framework that encompasses soil microsites (anaerobic and aerobic) and cryptic biogeochemical cycling, helping to explain poorly understood processes such as methanogenesis in oxygenated soils. This framework is further shown to disentangle global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pathways that include CO2, CH4, and N2O. Climate-driven redox perturbations are discussed using wetlands and tropical forests as model systems. Powerful analytical methods are proposed to be combined and used more extensively to study coupled abiotic and biotic reactions that are affected by redox heterogeneity. A core view is that emerging and future research will benefit substantially from developing multifaceted analyses of redox heterogeneity over short spatiotemporal scales in soil. Taking a leap in our understanding of soil and climate interactions and their evolving influence on environmental sustainability then depends on greater collaborative efforts to comprehensively investigate redox heterogeneity spanning the domain of microscopic soil interfaces.

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“…Drivers of diurnal variation in CH 4 fluxes may be explained by a fluctuation in O 2 levels caused by plant photosynthesis. A study measuring the plantmediated oxygen supply by wetland vegetation Phragmites australis showed significant O 2 declines within the rhizosphere at night (Faußer et al, 2016), thus implying a shift in the aerobic/anaerobic interface to more anaerobic conditions, which better suit methanogenic bacteria (Wagner, 2017). O 2 levels for this experiment were only measured within the water profile; however, patterns during days 3-8 show light DO levels to be 0.5 mg L −1 or 40% higher than dark measurements, which may explain the higher CO 2 emissions during those days and higher CH 4 emissions at night during anoxic conditions ( Supplementary Figure S1 and Supplementary Tables S10, S12).…”

Section: During Environmental Wateringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Emissions From Degraded Floodplain Wetlands

Limpert

Carnell

Trevathan-Tackett

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Globally, freshwater wetlands are significant carbon sinks; however, altering a wetland's hydrology can reduce its ability to sequester carbon and may lead to the release of previously stored soil carbon. Rehabilitating a wetland's water table has the potential to restore the natural process of wetland soil carbon sequestration and storage. Further, little is known about the role of microbial communities that mediate carbon cycling during wetland rehabilitation practices. Here, we examined the carbon emissions and microbial community diversity during a wetland rehabilitation process known as "environmental watering" (rewetting) in an Australian, semi-arid freshwater floodplain wetland. By monitoring carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) emissions during dry and wet phases of an environmental watering event, we determined that adding water to a degraded semi-arid floodplain wetland reduces carbon emissions by 28-84%. The watering event increased anoxic levels and plant growth in the aquatic zone of the wetland, which may correlate with lower carbon emissions during and after environmental watering due to lower anaerobic microbial decomposition processes and higher CO 2 sequestration by vegetation. During the watering event, areas with higher inundation had lower CO 2 emissions (5.15 ± 2.50 g CO 2 m −2 day −1 ) compared to fringe areas surrounding the wetland (11.89 ± 4.25 g CO 2 m −2 day −1 ). CH 4 flux was inversely correlated with CO 2 emissions during inundation periods, showing a 38% (0.013 ± 0.061 g CO 2 -e m −2 day −1 ) increase when water was present in the wetland. During the dry phases of environmental watering, there was CH 4 uptake within the fringe and aquatic zones (−0.013 ± 0.063 g CO 2 -e m −2 day −1 ). A clear succession of soil microbial community was observed during the dry-wet phases of the environmental watering process. This suggests that wetland hydrology plays a large role in the microbial community structure of these wetland ecosystems, and is consequently linked to CO 2 and CH 4 emissions. Overall, the total carbon emissions (CO 2 + CH 4 ) were reduced within the wetland during and after the environmental watering event, due to increasing vegetative growth and subsequent CO 2 sequestration. We, therefore, recommend environmental watering practices in this degraded arid wetland ecosystem to improve conditions for wetland carbon sequestration and storage. Further use of this management practice may improve wetland carbon storage across other arid freshwater wetland ecosystems with similar hydrologic regimes.

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Diurnal dynamics of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in shoots and rhizomes of a perennial in a constructed wetland indicate down-regulation of below ground oxygen consumption

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Phragmites australis

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Phragmites australis

Redox Heterogeneity Entangles Soil and Climate Interactions

Reducing Emissions From Degraded Floodplain Wetlands

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