Diurnal and seasonal variation of monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Holzke, C.; Hoffmann, Thorsten; Jaeger, L.; Koppmann, R.; Zimmer, W.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.01.039

Cited by 94 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In contrast, the emission strength of 1,8-cineol, piperitone, 3-carene, and D-limonene varied more dramatically, with irregular or sporadic presence relative to other compounds, with respect to the time of season. 1,8-Cineol was a prominent emission of P. ponderosa B during summer months falling to lows through the winter, in agreement with observations by Holzke et al (2006). 3-carene, the strongest emission of P. longaeva, decreased in strength in early summer relative to the total emission.…”

Section: Seasonal Patternssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The relative ratio of seasonal BVOC BER maxima to minima reported in the literature varies greatly from <10 (Kuhn et al, 2004;Hakola et al, 2001;Holzinger et al, 2006;Holzke et al, 2006;Keenan et al, 2009;Geron and Arnts, 2010) to 45-100 (Staudt et al, 2000;Pio et al, 2005;Rivoal et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recent studies have highlighted uncertainty in the ability to model monoterpene (MT) and sesquiterpene (SQT) emission rates over a seasonal cycle (Guenther, 1997;Staudt et al, 2000;Holzinger et al, 2006;Barkley et al, 2009); which to a large extend is due to the fact that only few experimental studies describe MT and SQT BVOC emissions over the course of a complete growing season and that findings vary considerably between plant species that were studied (i.e. Hakola et al, 2001Hakola et al, , 2012Staudt et al, 2002;Holzke et al, 2006;Fares et al, 2012;Noe et al, 2012;Matsunaga et al, 2013). Despite the call for more phenologically based descriptors to accompany BVOC emission rate data sets, most emission data currently available are expressed solely by empirical light and temperature dependence algorithms (Duhl et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal trends of biogenic terpene emissions

et al. 2013

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h i g h l i g h t sFull year study on biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions. Description of seasonal changes of basal emission rates. Investigation of seasonal behavior of temperature response. Sensitivity analysis for modeling of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions. a b s t r a c t Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from six coniferous tree species, i.e. Pinus ponderosa (Ponderosa Pine), Picea pungens (Blue Spruce), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Rocky Mountain Douglas Fir) and Pinus longaeva (Bristlecone Pine), as well as from two deciduous species, Quercus gambelii (Gamble Oak) and Betula occidentalis (Western River Birch) were studied over a full annual growing cycle. Monoterpene (MT) and sesquiterpene (SQT) emissions rates were quantified in a total of 1236 individual branch enclosure samples. MT dominated coniferous emissions, producing greater than 95% of BVOC emissions. MT and SQT demonstrated short-term emission dependence with temperature. Two oxygenated MT, 1,8-cineol and piperitone, were both light and temperature dependent. Basal emission rates (BER, normalized to 1000 lmol m À2 s À1 and 30°C) were generally higher in spring and summer than in winter; MT seasonal BER from the coniferous trees maximized between 1.5 and 6.0 lg g À1 h À1 , while seasonal lows were near 0.1 lg g À1 h À1 . The fractional contribution of individual MT to total emissions was found to fluctuate with season. SQT BER measured from the coniferous trees ranged from <0.01 to 0.15 lg g À1 h À1 . BER of up to 1.2 lg g À1 h À1 of the SQT germacrene B were found from Q. gambelii, peaking in late summer. The b-factor, used to define temperature dependence in emissions modeling, was not found to exhibit discernible growth season trends. A seasonal correction factor proposed by others in previous work to account for a sinusoidal shaped emission pattern was applied to the data. Varying levels of agreement were found between the data and model results for the different plant species seasonal data sets using this correction. Consequently, the analyses on this extensive data set suggest that it is not feasible to apply a universal seasonal correction factor across different vegetation species. A modeling exercise comparing two case scenarios, (1) without and (2) with consideration of the seasonal changes in emission factors illustrated large deviations when emission factors are applied for other seasons than those in which they were experimentally determined. a r t i c l e i n f o

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Section: Seasonal Patternssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal trends of biogenic terpene emissions

et al. 2013

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“…Several studies have reported strong seasonal changes of MT emission rates, with generally higher values during the late spring to early summer and lower emissions during the fall (e.g., refs [46][47][48][49][50]. The available studies on SQT (24)(25)(26)(27)51) suggest that, similar to MT, seasonal changes in SQT basal emission rates appear to be significant, with highest rates occurring during the early to mid-growing season and SQT basal emission rates possibly peaking ∼1 month after MT (26). These observations indicate that a description of SQT emissions solely based on temperature and light may be inadequate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sesquiterpene Emissions from Pine Trees − Identifications, Emission Rates and Flux Estimates for the Contiguous United States

Helmig

Ortega

Duhl

et al. 2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

172

144

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Biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions were studied using vegetation enclosure experiments. Particular emphasis was given to sesquiterpene compounds (SQT), although monoterpenes (MT) were also characterized. SQT were detected in emissions from seven (out of eight) pine species that were examined. Thirteen SQT compounds were identified; the most abundant ones were -caryophyllene, R-bergamotene, -farnesene, and R-farnesene, with emission rates increasing exponentially with temperature. Regression analysis yielded exponential dependencies of both MT and SQT emissions on temperature of the form E ) E 0 × exp( (T -T 0 )). This resulted in SQT basal emission rates (E 0 defined at T 0 ) 30°C) ranging between <4 and 620 ng (carbon) gdw -1 h -1 (gdw ) gram dry weight). The average value of the exponential temperature response factor for SQT emissions, taken from all experiments, was 0.17°C -1 , whereas the value for monoterpenes was 0.11°C -1 . The average, total SQT emissions from pines were estimated to be 9, 16, and 29% of the MT emissions at 20, 30, and 40°C respectively. The emission factors and -factors determined from these measurements were used to estimate pine tree MT and SQT emission distributions for the contiguous United States using MEGAN (model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature, . SQT fluxes reaching 10-40 mg m -2 for the month of July were estimated for extensive areas of most western and southern U.S. states.

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“…The boreal forest covers an area of ≈ 15 million km 2 worldwide, which is of comparable size to that of the tropical rainforest (Eerdekens et al, 2009). Forests emit large amounts of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the form of the terpenoids such as, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene, C 5 H 8 ), monoterpenes (C 10 H 16 ) and sesquiterpenes (C 15 H 24 ) that have a 5 significant impact on HOx (HO + HO 2 ) and NO X (NO+NO 2 ) budgets (Hakola et al, 2003;Tarvainen et al, 2005;Holzke et al, 2006;Lappalainen et al, 2009) and formation of secondary organic particle (Hallquist et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct measurement of NO<sub>3</sub> reactivity in a boreal forest

Liebmann

Karu

Sobanski

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. We present the first direct measurements of NO 3 reactivity (or inverse lifetime, s -1 ) in the Finnish boreal forest.The data were obtained during the IBAIRN campaign (Influence of Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions on the Reactive 15 Nitrogen budget) which took place in Hyytiälä, Finland during the summer / autumn transition in September 2016. The NO 3 reactivity was generally very high with a maximum value of 0.94 s -1 and displayed a strong diel variation with a campaignaveraged nighttime mean value of 0.11 s -1 compared to a daytime value of 0.04 s -1 . The highest nighttime NO 3 -reactivity was accompanied by major depletion of canopy level ozone and was associated with strong temperature inversions and high levels of monoterpenes. The daytime reactivity was sufficiently large that reactions of NO 3 with organic trace gases could 20 compete with photolysis and reaction with NO. There was no significant reduction in the measured NO 3 reactivity between the beginning and end of the campaign indicating that any seasonal reduction in canopy emissions of reactive biogenic trace gases was offset by emissions from the forest floor. Observations of biogenic hydrocarbons (BVOC) suggested a dominant role for monoterpenes in determining the NO 3 reactivity. Reactivity not accounted for by in-situ measurement of NO and BVOCs was variable across the diel cycle with, on average, ≈ 30% "missing" during nighttime and ≈ 60% missing during 25 the day. Measurement of the NO 3 reactivity at various heights (8.5 to 25 m) both above and below the canopy, revealed a strong nighttime, vertical gradient with maximum values closest to the ground. The gradient disappeared during daytime due to efficient vertical mixing.

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Diurnal and seasonal variation of monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Cited by 94 publications

References 40 publications

Seasonal trends of biogenic terpene emissions

Seasonal trends of biogenic terpene emissions

Sesquiterpene Emissions from Pine Trees − Identifications, Emission Rates and Flux Estimates for the Contiguous United States

Direct measurement of NO<sub>3</sub> reactivity in a boreal forest

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Diurnal and seasonal variation of monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Cited by 94 publications

References 40 publications

Seasonal trends of biogenic terpene emissions

Seasonal trends of biogenic terpene emissions

Sesquiterpene Emissions from Pine Trees − Identifications, Emission Rates and Flux Estimates for the Contiguous United States

Direct measurement of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; reactivity in a boreal forest

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Direct measurement of NO<sub>3</sub> reactivity in a boreal forest