Disulfiram Effect From Inhalation of Dimethylformamide

Chivers, C. P.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(78)90105-8

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The flushing and occasional dizziness that so promptly followed ingestion of quite small amounts of beer by our subjects many hours after exposure to DMF, as in the patient reported by Chivers (1978), occur also as part of the disulfiram-ethanol reaction. Anxiety, blurred vision, cardiac collapse or convulsions, which constitute the more severe manifestations of disulfiram-induced sensitivity to ethanol, did not affect our subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Dimethylformamide and alcohol intolerance.

Lyle¹,

Spence²,

McKinneley³

et al. 1979

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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(1977) showed that DMF or disulfiram administered (each in doses of 2 mmol/kg) to rats increased the blood acetaldehyde levels of these animals four-and five-fold respectively in response to ethanol (2 g/kg) given 18, but not three, hours later. An equivalent dose of N-methylformamide (MF) raised blood acetaldehydn levels equally, whether given three or 18 h before ethanol challenge. Eben and Kimmerle (1976) have shown that, in volunteers exposed for two hours to an atmosphere containing 50-80 ppm of DMF, blood DMF concentrations were of the order of 9-9 ,tg/ml and had fallen to undetectable levels within six hours. Blood MF over the same period rose from a mean of 2-5 jug/ml to 3-2 ,ug/ml and was still detectable in traces after 30 h.One hundred and two men, at various times over a period of three years, were engaged in running a chemical plant in which DMF was used as a solvent. Shortly after operations began in early 1974 some of the men reported that their customary

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Dimethylformamide and alcohol intolerance.

Lyle¹,

Spence²,

McKinneley³

et al. 1979

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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“…Chivers reported that simultaneous exposure to DMF with alcohol consumption caused intolerance to alcohol, termed as 'disulfiram-like effect', possibly resulting from the accumulation of acetaldehyde following the blocking of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity [41]. This effect was observed in humans, although the extent of exposure to DMF was relatively small [42]. Another study conducted by Luo et al [43] revealed that the hepatitis B virus infection and higher BMI score had a synergistic effect with DMF exposure in causing liver failure and that the viral hepatitis infection intensified the degree of liver damage in workers exposed to DMF.…”

Section: Case Reports On the Outcomes Of Occupational Exposure To Dmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Outcomes of Occupational Exposure to N,N-Dimethylformamide: Perspectives from Experimental Toxicology

Kim

2011

Safety and Health at Work

107

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N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is globally used as an organic solvent in the production of synthetic leather and resins because of its low volatility, making it an attractive industrial material. Despite its excellent property as a chemical solvent, utilization of DMF is somewhat controversial nowadays due to its hazardous effects on exposed workers in work places. Many toxification cases are being reported globally and the number of cases of liver damage is still increasing in developing countries. On account of this, a series of epidemiologic surveys are being conducted to understand the degrees of liver damage caused by DMF exposure. Furthermore, many investigations have been performed to clarify the mechanism of DMF-induced liver toxicity using both human and experimental animal models. This review summarizes the current occupational cases reported on liver damage from workers exposed to DMF in industrial work places and the research results that account for DMF-induced liver failure and possible carcinogenesis. The findings reviewed here show the synergistic toxicity of DMF exposure with other toxicants, which might occur through complicated but distinct mechanisms, which may extend our knowledge for establishing risk assessments of DMF exposure in industrial work places.

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“…Alcohol intolerance of the disulfiram type is a very frequent finding in persons exposed to dimethylformamide (Chivers 1978, Cirla et al 1984, Holstein 1954, Kirschenheuer 1972, Loos 1979, Lyle et al 1979 and can be considered to be the first clinical symptom of dimethylformamide exposure, even at low concentrations. Some authors suggest that alcohol intolerance can occur even at dimethylformamide concentrations below 10ml/m 3 (Lauwerys et al 1980, Yonemoto andSuzuki 1980).…”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethylformamide [MAK Value Documentation, 1997]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Published in the series Occupational Toxicants , Vol. 8 (1997) The article contains sections titled: Toxic Effects and Modes of Action Pharmacokinetics Effects in Man Effects on Animals Acute and subacute toxicity Subchronic and chronic toxicity Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Genotoxicity Microbial test systems Mammalian cell cultures In vivo Carcinogenicity Other Effects Manifesto (MAK value, classification)

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Disulfiram Effect From Inhalation of Dimethylformamide

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Dimethylformamide and alcohol intolerance.

Dimethylformamide and alcohol intolerance.

Clinical Outcomes of Occupational Exposure to N,N-Dimethylformamide: Perspectives from Experimental Toxicology

Dimethylformamide [MAK Value Documentation, 1997]

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