Distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic. Part 7

Abstract

2018): Distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic. Part 7. -Preslia 90: 425-531.The seventh part of the series on the distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic includes grid maps of 104 taxa in the genera Anthriscus, These maps were produced by taxonomic experts based on examined herbarium specimens, literature and field records. Many of the studied native species are on the national Red List. The genus most affected by decline in abundance is Gentianella, which includes six taxa extirpated from this country and six taxa critically threatened. Another group with a high proportion of endangered species comprises aquatic and wetland plants, which are represented by Callitriche hermaphroditica, Hydrocharis morsusranae, Najas minor, Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum and Stratiotes aloides. Other ecologically specialized groups include mainly montane wetland plants (Epilobium anagallidifolium, E. nutans and Rubus chamaemorus) and plants of rocky habitats (Polypodium interjectum, Trichomanes speciosum and Woodsia ilvensis). The previously rare Woodsia alpina has been extirpated from this country. Alien species mapped in this paper include both archaeophytes and neophytes, mainly from the genera Anthriscus, Cochlearia, Elodea, Epilobium, Hordeum and Phleum. Cochlearia danica, Dittrichia graveolens and Limonium gmelinii have recently colonized habitats along the roads treated by de-icing salt. Senecio inaequidens has also spread mainly along motorways. Epilobium adenocaulon is another successful neophyte; it is now widespread throughout this country and the most successful hybrid parent within the genus. Neophyte aquatics are represented by Egeria densa, Elodea canadensis and E. nuttallii. Spatial distributions and often also temporal dynamics of individual taxa are shown in maps and documented by records included in the Pladias database and available in electronic appendices. The maps are accompanied by comments that include additional information on the distribution, habitats, taxonomy and biology of the taxa. K e y w o r d s:

Asymmetric hybridization in Central European populations of the Dryopteris carthusiana group

“…Of the three D. carthusiana group species analyzed, D. carthusiana and D. expansa are the most ecologically distinct (Rünk et al., ). Although they can be present together in the same areas (Kaplan et al., ), they tend to occupy different microhabitats. Therefore, the two species might have limited opportunities to hybridize.…”

Genetic variation in an ephemeral mudflat species: The role of the soil seed bank and dispersal in river and secondary anthropogenic habitats

“…It is probable that some founder effect occurred when Cyperus fuscus first colonized sites provided by fish farming, which was initiated more than 600 years ago in our study region (Květ et al, 2002). The first documented records of Cyperus fuscus in fish farms in the Czech Republic date back to the first half of the 19th century (Kaplan et al, 2016). Cyperus fuscus prefers mineral‐rich basic soils, which can be found in northern Bohemia (where populations F1 and S1‒3 have been sampled).…”

“…Consequently, Cyperus fuscus was rare in most parts of southern Bohemia until the 1950s, where it occurred mainly in eutrophic water bodies in settlements (Hejný, 1960). Because of overall eutrophication and soil chemistry changes associated with fish farming intensification, the number of records considerably increased since then (Kaplan et al, 2016; Šumberová, 2003). Populations F6–9 and S6‒8, all from nearby localities in the western South Bohemian and eastern Plzeň Regions, differ from the remaining pond populations in being genetically virtually identical (Figure 4).…”

Plant distribution data for the Czech Republic integrated in the Pladias database

“…Our aim is not only to integrate existing records, but above all to share them with experts who are able to improve the quality of the existing records, to fill the gaps in the distribution data, and to link these records to other information on the Czech flora, such as plant traits. This database, launched in 2014, is also serving as a basic platform for mapping the distributions of plants in this country (Kaplan et al 2015(Kaplan et al , 2016a(Kaplan et al , b, 2017a(Kaplan et al , b, 2018a. Here we describe the main sources of the plant occurrence records integrated into the Pladias database and compare different contributing databases in terms of their spatial, temporal and taxonomic coverage.…”