Distribution Systems in a High Distributed Energy Resources Future

Martini, Paul De; Kristov, Lorenzo; Schwartz, Lisa

doi:10.2172/1242415

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…DSOs are responsible for planning and operational functions associated with a distribution system that is modernized for high levels of DERs. 671 Three California utilities recently submitted DER Plans to the CPUC as mandated by state statute (AB 327). 672 The utilities are proposing several hundreds of millions of dollars each over the next several years to integrate DERs (including rooftop PV, behind-the meter storage, and PEVs) in distribution planning and operation.…”

Section: Markets and Market Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electricity End Uses, Energy Efficiency, and Distributed Energy Resources Baseline

Schwartz

Wei

Morrow

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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National Laboratory is an equal opportunity employer.ii Scope and OrganizationThis report was developed by a team of analysts at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, with Argonne National Laboratory contributing the transportation section, and is a DOE EPSA product and part of a series of "baseline" reports intended to inform the second installment of the Quadrennial Energy Review (QER 1.2). QER 1.2 provides a comprehensive review of the nation's electricity system and cover the current state and key trends related to the electricity system, including generation, transmission, distribution, grid operations and planning, and end use. The baseline reports provide an overview of elements of the electricity system. This report focuses on end uses, electricity consumption, electric energy efficiency, distributed energy resources (DERs) (such as demand response, distributed generation, and distributed storage), and evaluation, measurement, and verification (EM&V) methods for energy efficiency and DERs.Chapter 1 provides context for the report and an overview of electricity consumption across all market sectors, summarizes trends for energy efficiency and DERs and their impact on electricity sales, and highlights the benefits of these resources as well as barriers to their adoption. Lastly it summarizes policies, regulations, and programs that address these barriers, highlighting crosscutting approaches, from resource standards to programs for utility customers to performance contracting.Chapters 2 through 5 characterize end uses, electricity consumption, and energy efficiency for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors as well as electrification of the transportation sector. Chapter 6 addresses DERs-demand response, distributed generation, and distributed storage.Several chapters in this report include appendices with additional supporting tables, figures, and technical detail. In addition, the appendix also includes a separate section that discusses current and evolving EM&V practices for energy efficiency and DERs, approaches for conducting reliable and costeffective evaluation, and trends likely to affect future EM&V practices. Description of Energy Models aUnless otherwise noted, this report provides projections between the present-day and 2040 using the "EPSA Side Case," a scenario developed using a version of the Energy Information Administration's (EIA's) National Energy Modeling System (NEMS). Since the EPSA Side Case was needed for this and other EPSA baseline reports in advance of the completion of EIA's Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) 2016, it uses data from EIA's AEO 2015 Reference Case, the most recent AEO available at the time. However, since AEO 2015 did not include some significant policy and technology developments that occurred during 2015, the EPSA Side Case was designed to reflect these changes.The EPSA Side Case scenario was constructed using EPSA-NEMs, b a version of the same integrated energy system model used by EIA. The EPSA Side Case input assumptions were based mainly on the final ...

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Section: Markets and Market Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electricity End Uses, Energy Efficiency, and Distributed Energy Resources Baseline

Schwartz

Wei

Morrow

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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“…This situation, namely the TSO responsible for all network‐related service markets and also responsible for the activation of resources at both transmission and distribution, is also considered a possibility for the future. Several authors consider this as one coordination scheme (De Martini, Kristov, & Schwartz, ; Gerard, Puente, & Six, ; Kristov, De Martini, & Taft, ). This type of coordination scheme, however, leaves limited opportunities for the DSO to procure local services.…”

Section: Missing Elements For Tso‐dso Coordination In Balancing and Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gerard et al () propose that unused bids could be simply passed to the TSO's market. On the other hand, the DSO can aggregate the remaining bids and send it upstream to the CM (Delfanti, Galliani, & Olivieri, ; Dueñas, ; Kristov et al, ; Paul De Martini et al, ). Tohidi et al () observe that in this type of coordination scheme, the DSO can act strategically (when it aggregates and sends a bid to another market) or non‐strategically (when it only transmits unused bids). Scheduled program at the TSO/DSO interface: In this scheme, the DSO is responsible for maintaining a scheduled program at the transmission/distribution boundary (Delfanti et al, ; Kristov & De Martini, ).…”

Section: Missing Elements For Tso‐dso Coordination In Balancing and Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and distribution coordination in power systems with high shares of distributed energy resources providing balancing and congestion management services

Lind

Cossent

Ávila

et al. 2019

WIREs Energy & Environment

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This paper presents a literature review on the coordination between transmission and distribution grid operators in power systems, with particular emphasis on the provision of balancing and congestion management services. Firstly, a brief historical background is presented in order to highlight the ongoing changes current power systems are experiencing and that call for greater coordination between transmission system operators (TSO) and distribution system operators (DSO).These include the growth in distributed energy resources (DER), new roles to be adopted by both system operators (SO), and the integration of new agents such as independent aggregators. Next, the paper places its focus on a particular topic which, based on the review presented, is presumably considered as the most relevant issue requiring tighter cooperation mechanisms, that is, the procurement of balancing services from DER by TSOs whilst DSOs procures the same DER flexibility to manage local congestions. Four key elements are identified for this coordination to take place, namely (a) DER flexibility integration, (b) coordination schemes, (c) transmission-distribution optimization, and (d) data exchange. For each one of them, the paper presents a literature review and identifies the main existing technical, economic, and regulatory barriers. These barriers include, among others, the limitation for small DER flexibility to participate in grid service markets, the challenges for independent aggregators, the technical barriers for optimizing a transmission-distribution grid, and the lack of maturity in coordination schemes and TSO-DSO data exchange models.

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“…However, future power systems will integrate more widespread distributed energy resources (DERs), such as renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, and price-responsive loads [2,3]. This will lead to a fundamental change of the power industry and challenging operational issues because the number of DERs will be large and the uncertainty and complexity of future power systems will, accordingly, increase significantly [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decentralized Framework for Optimal Price-Based Power System Operation Using Feedback Control Mechanism

et al. 2017

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Future power systems are expected to have distributed energy resources (DERs). A price-based operation (PBO), where dynamic prices are used as the control signal, can be an alternative scheme to address challenging operational issues in the future power systems. In this paper, a decentralized framework for optimal PBO using a feedback control mechanism is proposed to determine the nodal prices for power balance and congestion management. The substructures and feedback controllers of the proposed framework are derived based on the optimal power flow (OPF) method. Thus, the framework guarantees optimality for all situations in real-time and enables the use of various types of controllers. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is verified with the IEEE 39 bus network under some scenarios, such as the failure of a generator and a transmission line. The results clearly demonstrate that the proposed framework successfully resolves the balance and congestion problems by generating appropriate nodal prices in the PBO and provides a solution similar to the optimal solution determined by the conventional OPF method.

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Distribution Systems in a High Distributed Energy Resources Future

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Electricity End Uses, Energy Efficiency, and Distributed Energy Resources Baseline

Electricity End Uses, Energy Efficiency, and Distributed Energy Resources Baseline

Transmission and distribution coordination in power systems with high shares of distributed energy resources providing balancing and congestion management services

Decentralized Framework for Optimal Price-Based Power System Operation Using Feedback Control Mechanism

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