“…Compared with other main networks, the PDN covers a larger area, and its measurement conditions are unsatisfactory. erefore, the parameter identification methods used in the PTN may not be suitable for the PDN. In the field of PDN, with the wide application of supervisory control and data acquisition, power management unit (PMU), and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), some new approaches focusing on efficiency and error have been developed, such as the full-scale approach [5], PSOSR [6], normalized Lagrange multiplier (NLM) test [7], finite-time algorithm (FTA) [8], residual method, sensitivity analysis method, Lagrange multiplier method [9], and Heffron-Phillips method [10]. With the development of machine learning, some new approaches have been proposed, such as a method that considers distance space [11], particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm [12], interior point method [13], ensemble Kalman filtering [14], evolutionary strategies [15], estimation using synchrophasor data [16], PSCAD simulation [17], and deep learning [18].…”