Distribution pattern of picoplankton carbon biomass linked to mesoscale dynamics in the southern gulf of Mexico during winter conditions

Linacre, Lorena; Lara-Lara, Rubén; Camacho-Ibar, Víctor F.; Herguera, Juan Carlos; Bazán-Guzmán, Carmen; Ferreira-Bartrina, Vicente

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2015.09.009

Cited by 49 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…the euphotic zone that partially sustain the deep picoplanktonic populations (Dongen-Vogels et al, 2011;Linacre et al, 2015). However, the fraction of picoplankton in surface layers, as well as the remarkable biomass peaks found occasionally in deeper waters of the study area may be associated not only with the regional physical dynamics favoring the summer intrusion of the SACW, but also with habitat preferences (light and nutrient availability) of the different picoplankton populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The similar distribution (e.g., Zubkov et al, 1998;Gérikas-Ribeiro FIGURE 7 | Relationship between total carbon biomass (µgC.L −1 ) of picophytoplankton (Synechoccocus, Prochlorococcus, and picoeukaryotes) and heterotrophic bacteria (HBAC). Linear regression is statistically significant at p < 0.05. et al, 2016a) and linear relationship between heterotrophic bacteria and picophytoplankton biomass in the water column reveal a connection among the picoplankton communities, the production of organic matter and nutrient cycling (Liu et al, 2004;Linacre et al, 2015). The growth of heterotrophic bacteria is partially supported by organic compounds produced by phytoplankton cells, and the remineralization of inorganic nutrients by heterotrophic bacteria stimulates, in turn, the growth of phytoplankton.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevailing distribution of heterotrophic bacteria at the innermost stations and their connection to the CW and upper limits of the SACW seem to be linked to the accumulation of dissolved and particulate organic matter in the frontal regions (e.g., Pomeroy et al, 1983;Peele et al, 1985;Ducklow, 1986;Arístegui and Montero, 2005;Linacre et al, 2015;Gérikas-Ribeiro et al, 2016a). The similar distribution (e.g., Zubkov et al, 1998;Gérikas-Ribeiro FIGURE 7 | Relationship between total carbon biomass (µgC.L −1 ) of picophytoplankton (Synechoccocus, Prochlorococcus, and picoeukaryotes) and heterotrophic bacteria (HBAC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Partitioning of Carbon Biomass among the Pico- and Nano-plankton Community in the South Brazilian Bight during a Strong Summer Intrusion of South Atlantic Central Water

et al. 2017

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To investigate how pico-and nano-plankton respond to oceanographic conditions in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, we assessed the influence of a summer intrusion of the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) on the spatial and vertical dynamics of planktonic abundance and carbon biomass across environmental gradients. Seawater samples were collected from six depths within the euphotic zone at nine oceanographic stations in a transect on the Brazilian continental shelf in January 2013. The abundance of pico-and nano-plankton populations was determined by flow cytometry, and carbon biomass was calculated based on conversion factors from the literature. The autotrophic Synechococcus spp., picoeukaryotes, and nanoeukaryotes were more abundant in the surface layers of the innermost stations influenced by Coastal Water (maximum of 1.19 × 10 5 , 1.5 × 10 4 , and 8.61 × 10 3 cell·mL −1 , respectively), whereas Prochlorococcus spp. dominated (max. of 6.57 × 10 4 cell·mL −1 ) at the outermost stations influenced by Tropical Water and in the uplifting layers of the SACW around a depth of 100 m. Numerically, heterotrophic bacterial populations were predominant, with maximum concentrations (2.11 × 10 6 cell·mL −1 ) recorded in the surface layers of the inner and mid shelves in Coastal Water and the upper limits of the SACW. Nutrient-rich (high silicate and phosphate) and relatively less saline waters enhanced the picoeukaryotic biomass, while Synechococcus and heterotrophic bacteria were linked to higher temperatures, lower salinities, and higher inputs of ammonia and dissolved organic carbon. The relative importance of each group to carbon biomass partitioning under upwelling conditions is led by heterotrophic bacteria, followed by picoeukaryotes, Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, and when the SACW is not as influential, the relative contribution of each phytoplanktonic group is more evenly distributed. In addition to habitat preferences, the physical structure of oligotrophic waters has a large impact on the vertical and spatial distribution patterns of picoplankton, reflecting the strong effect of the SACW intrusion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Partitioning of Carbon Biomass among the Pico- and Nano-plankton Community in the South Brazilian Bight during a Strong Summer Intrusion of South Atlantic Central Water

et al. 2017

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“…The increased abundance of heterotrophic bacteria near the thermocline rise (Figs. 3A and 3F) could be related to the accumulation of dissolved and particulate organic matter in this frontal region (Linacre et al, 2015). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physical structure of the oligotrophic waters near continental shelves has a significant impact on the relative dominance of each picoplankton group (Jiao et al, 2002; Van Dongen-Vogels et al, 2011; Linacre et al, 2015). In the present study, heterotrophic bacteria accounted for a large fraction of picoplankton carbon in deeper samples where autotrophic populations decreased, whilst Synechococcus and picoeukaryote biomass were more important near the thermocline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pico and nanoplankton abundance and carbon stocks along the Brazilian Bight

Ribeiro

Santos

Marie

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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Pico and nanoplankton communities from the Southwest Atlantic Ocean along the Brazilian Bight are poorly described. The hydrography in this region is dominated by a complex system of layered water masses, which includes the warm and oligotrophic Tropical Water (TW), the cold and nutrient rich South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) and the Coastal Water (CW), which have highly variable properties. In order to assess how pico- and nanoplankton communities are distributed in these different water masses, we determined by flow cytometry the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria, Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and autotrophic pico and nanoeukaryotes along three transects, extending from 23°S to 31°S and 39°W to 49°W. Heterotrophic bacteria (including archaea, maximum of 1.5 × 106 cells mL−1) were most abundant in Coastal and Tropical Water whereas Prochlorococcus was most abundant in open-ocean oligotrophic waters (maximum of 300 × 103 cells mL−1). Synechococcus(up to 81 × 103 cells mL−1), as well as autotrophic pico and nanoeukaryotes seemed to benefit from the influx of nutrient-rich waters near the continental slope. Autotrophic pico and nanoeukaryotes were also abundant in deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) layers from offshore waters, and their highest abundances were 20 × 103 cells mL−1 and 5 × 103 cells mL−1, respectively. These data are consistent with previous observations in other marine areas where Synechococcus and autotrophic eukaryotes dominate mesotrophic waters, whereas Prochlorococcus dominate in more oligotrophic areas. Regardless of the microbial community structure near the surface, the carbon stock dominance by autotrophic picoeukaryotes near the DCM is possibly linked to vertical mixing of oligotrophic surface waters with the nutrient-rich SACW and their tolerance to lower light levels.

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Partitioning of the Open Waters of the Gulf of Mexico Based on the Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Chlorophyll Concentration

et al. 2018

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The seasonal and interannual variability of chlorophyll in the Gulf of Mexico open waters is studied using a three‐dimensional coupled physical‐biogeochemical model. A 5 years hindcast driven by realistic open‐boundary conditions, atmospheric forcings, and freshwater discharges from rivers is performed. The use of recent in situ observations allowed an in‐depth evaluation of the model nutrient and chlorophyll seasonal distributions, including the chlorophyll vertical structure. We find that different chlorophyll patterns of temporal variability coexist in the deep basin which thereby cannot be considered as a homogeneous region with respect to chlorophyll dynamics. A partitioning of the Gulf of Mexico open waters based on the winter chlorophyll concentration increase is then proposed. This partition is basically explained by the amount of nutrients injected into the euphotic layer which is highly constrained by the dynamic of the winter mixed layer. The seasonal and interannual variability appears to be affected by the variability of atmospheric fluxes and mesoscale dynamics (Loop Current eddies in particular). Finally, estimates of primary production in the deep basin are provided.

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Distribution pattern of picoplankton carbon biomass linked to mesoscale dynamics in the southern gulf of Mexico during winter conditions

Cited by 49 publications

References 61 publications

The Partitioning of Carbon Biomass among the Pico- and Nano-plankton Community in the South Brazilian Bight during a Strong Summer Intrusion of South Atlantic Central Water

The Partitioning of Carbon Biomass among the Pico- and Nano-plankton Community in the South Brazilian Bight during a Strong Summer Intrusion of South Atlantic Central Water

Pico and nanoplankton abundance and carbon stocks along the Brazilian Bight

Partitioning of the Open Waters of the Gulf of Mexico Based on the Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Chlorophyll Concentration

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