Distribution of β-amyloid and amyloid precursor protein in the brain of spawning (senescent) salmon: a natural, brain-aging model

Maldonado, Tammy A.; Jones, Richard E.; Norris, David O.

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02328-8

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Several other groups have reported discrete granular and globular immunostaining of APP in brain, particularly concentrated to neurites and neuropil threads [14,15]. The isoform APP751, which contains the Kunitz protease inhibitor region, has been shown in neuropil and astrocyte cell bodies, but only in a subgroup of senile plaques [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β‐secretase‐cleaved amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer brain: a morphologic study

Sennvik

Bogdanović

Volkmann

et al. 2004

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by the presence of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neurofibrillary threads, extracellular amyloid plaques and accumulation of amyloid in cerebral blood vessels. The major component of the amyloid is a 39-43 amino acids peptide calledamyloid (A ). A derives from the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which is a widely expressed transmembrane protein [1]. Although the function of APP is not known, it has been proposed to have a role in regulation of neurite extension, synapse formation, neuronal development and neuroprotection [2][3][4].A is produced from APP via proteolytic cleavage by proteases called -and -secretase. Abstract-amyloid (A ) is the main constituent of senile plaques seen in Alzheimer's disease. A is derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) via proteolytic cleavage by proteases -and -secretase. In this study, we examined content and localization of -secretase-cleaved APP ( -sAPP) in brain tissue sections from the frontal, temporal and occipital lobe. Strong granular -sAPP staining was found throughout the gray matter of all three areas, while white matter staining was considerably weaker. -sAPP was found to be localized in astrocytes and in axons. We found the -sAPP immunostaining to be stronger and more extensive in gray matter in Alzheimer disease (AD) cases than controls. The axonal -sAPP staining was patchy and unevenly distributed for the AD cases, indicating impaired axonal transport. -sAPP was also found surrounding senile plaques and cerebral blood vessels. The results presented here show altered -sAPP staining in the AD brain, suggestive of abnormal processing and transport of APP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β‐secretase‐cleaved amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer brain: a morphologic study

Sennvik

Bogdanović

Volkmann

et al. 2004

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…For example, elevations in post-reproductive LH may drive neurological and vascular diseases while The large dyotic signaling in salmon (and other semelparous species) post-reproduction leads to dramatic and rapid (within 1-3 weeks) changes in tissue structure and function (phenoptosis) that are similar to the degenerative changes found in other aging vertebrates, including humans: the brain (amyloidosis), liver, stomach (peptic ulcers), spleen, thymus, thyroid, pituitary, kidney, and cardiovascular system exhibit degenerative changes, the adrenocortical tissue and pancreas display hyperplasia, and immune system collapse results in skin infections (Dickhoff et al 1989;Maldonado et al 2000Maldonado et al , 2002aWexler 1960, 1962). At this time, the suppression by 17β-estradiol on the utilization of pregnenolone as a substrate for cortisol synthesis by the interrenals (adrenals) is lost (McQuillan et al 2003).…”

Section: Ratio Of Sex Steroid/gonadotropin As a Measure Of Dyotic Sigmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the degree of endocrine dyscrasia post-reproduction dictate post-reproductive lifespan? Lessons from semelparous and iteroparous species

et al. 2017

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Post-reproductive lifespan varies greatly among species; human post-reproductive lifespan comprises~30-50% of their total longevity, while semelparous salmon and dasyurid marsupials post-reproductive lifespan comprises <4% of their total longevity. To examine if the magnitude of hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal (HPG) axis dyscrasia at the time of reproductive senescence determines post-reproductive lifespan, we examined the difference between pre-and postreproductive (1) circulating sex hormones and (2) the ratio of sex steroids to gonadotropins (e.g., 17β-estradiol/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)), an index of the dysregulation of the HPG axis and the level of dyotic (death) signaling post-reproduction. Animals with a shorter post-reproductive lifespan (<4% total longevity) had a more marked decline in circulating sex steroids and corresponding elevation in gonadotropins compared to animals with a longer post-reproductive lifespan (30-60% total longevity). In semelparous female salmon of short post-reproductive lifespan (1%), these divergent changes in circulating hormone concentration postreproduction equated to a 711-fold decrease in the ratio of 17β-estradiol/FSH between the reproductive and post-reproductive periods. In contrast, the decrease in the ratio of 17β-estradiol/FSH in iteroparous female mammals with long post-reproductive lifespan was significantly less (1.7-34-fold) post-reproduction. Likewise, in male semelparous salmon, the decrease in the ratio of testosterone/FSH (82-fold) was considerably larger than for iteroparous species (1.3-11-fold). These results suggest that (1) organisms with greater reproductive endocrine dyscrasia more rapidly undergo senescence and die, and (2) the contribution postreproduction by non-gonadal (and perhaps gonadal) tissues to circulating sex hormones dictates postreproductive tissue health and longevity. In this way, reproduction and longevity are coupled, with the degree of non-gonadal tissue hormone production dictating the rate of somatic tissue demise post-reproduction and the differences in post-reproductive lifespans between species.

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“…Intracellular APP was observed in brain regions involved in the reproductive behavior of the senescent spawning salmon [17]. APPBP2 was reported to be expressed dominantly in the brains of male Leporinus macrocephalus (a gonochoristic fish species) as compared to that of females [18], and CST3 (CG8050) was reported to be downregulated upon mating in Drosophila females [19].…”

Section: Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme E2o (Ube2o)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila Orthologs, expressed specifically in Courting Zebra Finch Males, are engaged in Courtshipe

Villányi

Mai

Szabad

2013

TOGENJ

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Abstract:The comparison of transcriptomes generated from the brains of courting and caring zebra finch males revealed the excessive expression of seven genes in the courting males. Two of the encoded proteins (APPBP2 and CST3) appear to share function with the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), and two (ARL2 and GPM6A) are engaged in neurogenesis. The LOC100228889 gene is expressed in the brain, DLEC1 is a tumor suppressor gene, and UBE2O encodes a ubiquitinconjugating enzyme. Five out of the seven genes -ARL2, CST3, GPM6A, APPBP2, and UBE2O -have Drosophila orthologs: Arf84F, Cys, M6, Pat1, and CG10254, respectively. We RNAi-silenced the function of Arf84F, Cys, M6, and Pat1-and also that of the APP homolog Dmel\Appl -in the nervous system of elav-Gal4; UAS-RNAi Drosophila males revealed that while their courting activities were severely reduced, the locomotor abilities and functions of the sensory system were not affected. It appears that the genes above represent evolutionally conserved gene functions in courtship.

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Distribution of β-amyloid and amyloid precursor protein in the brain of spawning (senescent) salmon: a natural, brain-aging model

Cited by 48 publications

References 83 publications

β‐secretase‐cleaved amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer brain: a morphologic study

β‐secretase‐cleaved amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer brain: a morphologic study

Does the degree of endocrine dyscrasia post-reproduction dictate post-reproductive lifespan? Lessons from semelparous and iteroparous species

Drosophila Orthologs, expressed specifically in Courting Zebra Finch Males, are engaged in Courtshipe

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