Distribution of the spittlebug Deois flavopicta Stal (Homoptera: Cercopidae) on wild and cultivated host species

Pires, C. S. S.; Price, Peter W.; Oliveira, Regina Célia de

doi:10.1590/s0301-80592000000300003

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…and Axonopus sp. (Clark et al , 1980; Pires et al , 2000; Holmann & Peck, 2002); for example, spittlebugs in the genera Aeneolamia , Mahanarva , Zulia , Deois , Notozulia and Prosapia are considered serious pests of Central and South American grass crops, causing up to a 70% reduction in agricultural yields within infested areas (Sanz, 1997; Thompson, 2004; Leite et al , 2005; Thompson & León González, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family-level relationships of the spittlebugs and froghoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cercopoidea)

Cryan

Svenson

2010

Systematic Entomology

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The spittlebug superfamily Cercopoidea (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) comprises approximately 3000 phytophagous species (including some economically important pests of grass crops) classified among the families Cercopidae, Aphrophoridae, Epipygidae, Clastopteridae and Machaerotidae. However, the monophyly of these taxa has never been tested and the evolutionary relationships among these major lineages are unknown. Presented here are the results of the first ever phylogenetic investigation of the higher‐level relationships within Cercopoidea, based on DNA nucleotide sequence data from six loci (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, histone 3, wingless, cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome oxidase II) generated from exemplars of 109 spittlebug species representing all five described families, seven of eight subfamilies and 61 genera (eight additional exemplars, representing a selection of other Auchenorrhyncha taxa, were included as outgroups). The resulting topologies are used to evaluate the monophyly of each cercopoid family, and further to calculate divergence date estimates to examine the chronological origins and historical diversification of Cercopoidea. The results of this investigation suggest that: (i) four of the five described families are monophyletic; Epipygidae was recovered consistently as originating within Aphrophoridae; (ii) the exclusively Old World Machaerotidae is the most anciently diversified family of extant spittlebugs; (iii) New World Cercopidae (i.e. Ischnorhininae) constitute a derived monophyletic lineage; (iv) the genus Microsargane Fowler, classified currently within Aphrophoridae, actually belongs within Cercopidae; and (v) the origins of the major spittlebug lineages probably coincided with the breakup of Pangaea and, subsequently, Gondwana, as well as major floristic diversification such as the rise of angiosperms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family-level relationships of the spittlebugs and froghoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cercopoidea)

Cryan

Svenson

2010

Systematic Entomology

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“…Densities of nymphs on natural grasslands and on cultivated pastures were used as a guide to select the host plants used in the experiments (Pires et al 2000c). Axonopus marginatus is a C4, tall-growing perennial grass naturally distributed in Brazil, with a tussock habit and very narrow leaves (Klink 1994).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This species originally fed on native grasses and exhibited low population density throughout its geographical range, in the Central-West and Southeast of Brazil (Pires et al 2000c (Fontes et al 1995).…”

Section: Efeito Da Planta Hospedeira Na Fecundidade Da Cigarrinha-dasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Host Plant on the Fecundity of Spittlebug Deois flavopicta Stal (Homoptera: Cercopidae): Implications on Population Dynamics

Sujji¹,

Pires²,

Fontes³

et al. 2001

Neotrop. Entomol.

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Efeito da Planta Hospedeira na Fecundidade da Cigarrinha-das-pastagens Deois flavopictaStal (Homoptera: Cercopidae): Implicações na Dinâmica Populacional RESUMO -A cigarrinha das pastagens Deois flavopicta Stal (Hom.: Cercopidae) ocorre naturalmente em gramíneas nativas no Brasil Central em baixas densidades populacionais. Após a introdução de gramíneas africanas, principalmente do gênero Brachiaria, D. flavopicta passou a produzir explosões populacionais e tornou-se a principal praga das pastagens na região. Estudos visando comparar os efeitos da planta hospedeira nativa e da exótica sobre a fecundidade do inseto foram desenvolvidos. Fêmeas de D. flavopicta, mantidas durante a fase adulta em Brachiaria ruziziensis, produziram mais ovos e tiveram maior longevidade média que aquelas mantidas em Axonopus marginatus, independente da planta hospedeira em que foram criadas durante a fase ninfal. Devido aos danos causados pelos adultos na planta hospedeira, o efeito da densidade de indivíduos em sua própria fecundidade foi avaliado em gaiolas de oviposição contendo plantas de B. ruziziensis padronizadas no comprimento e quantidade de perfilhos. Densidades de um, dois, três, quatro e seis casais com fêmeas virgens foram avaliadas. A densidade populacional de três casais, equivalente a 150 adultos/m 2 , ou maior que esta, reduziu a fecundidade das fêmeas. Estes estudos contribuíram para o entendimento dos mecanismos que influem para as baixas populações de cigarrinha observadas em gramíneas nativas e que promovem explosões populacionais em pastagens cultivadas com plantas introduzidas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Insecta, dinâmica de populações, biologia reprodutiva, interação inseto-planta, surtos populacionais.ABSTRACT -The spittlebug Deois flavopicta Stal (Hom.: Cercopidae) occurs naturally on native grasses in Central Brazil in low population densities. After the introduction of African grasses, mainly of the genus Brachiaria, for cattle raising, D. flavopicta began to produce population outbreaks and became a pest. Two studies were conducted, aiming to estimate the effects of a native and an exotic host plant on the fecundity of this insect. Females of D. flavopicta maintained during the adult stage on Brachiaria ruziziensis produced more eggs and lived longer than those maintained on Axonopus marginatus (a native grass widely distributed in Brazil), independently of the host plant on which the nymphs were reared. Due to the severe damage produced by adult D. flavopicta on the host plant, the effect of insect density on its own reproductive capacity was evaluated in oviposition cages containing plants of B. ruziziensis, standardized in height and stem number. Densities of one, two, three, four and six couples with virgin females were evaluated. Population densities of three couples, equivalent to 150 adults/m 2 , or higher decreased insect's fecundity. These results contributed to the understanding of the mechanisms that determine low levels of spittlebug populations in the native grasses and promote population outbreaks in in...

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“…Production of spittle protects the nymphs against natural enemies and desiccation and, besides the high capacity of colonizing introduced grasses, represents another trait that increases spittlebug's survivor and fitness, facilitating its population growth and damage to pastures (Valério & Koller, 1992;Pires et al, 2000).…”

Section: Pachycondyla Obscuricornis Como Inimigo Natural Da Cigarrinhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pachycondyla obscuricornis as natural enemy of the spittlebug Deois flavopicta

Sujii

Garcia

Fontes

et al. 2004

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential control of the ant Pachycondyla obscuricornis Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on populations of nymphs of the spittlebug, Deois flavopicta Stal (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). Foraging behavior and prey consumption rate of P. obscuricornis were evaluated. Field data revealed that P. obscuricornis does not show aggressive behavior against individuals of the same species, when they are not carrying a prey; they can patrol distances larger than 10 m searching for prey, and they can build their nest as close as 1 m from each other. The ant has a solitary patrolling habit, there is no recruitment behavior, and individuals dislocate fast, browsing on soil and vegetation for prey. Predation rate on spittlebug nymphs increased relative to the spittlebug abundance, reaching 93.8% of captured prey. Pachycondyla obscuricornis is a voracious predator and may control the population of spittlebugs in cultivated pastures.

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Distribution of the spittlebug Deois flavopicta Stal (Homoptera: Cercopidae) on wild and cultivated host species

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Family-level relationships of the spittlebugs and froghoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cercopoidea)

Family-level relationships of the spittlebugs and froghoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cercopoidea)

Effect of Host Plant on the Fecundity of Spittlebug Deois flavopicta Stal (Homoptera: Cercopidae): Implications on Population Dynamics

Pachycondyla obscuricornis as natural enemy of the spittlebug Deois flavopicta

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