Distribution of Serogroups and Genotypes among Disease-Associated and Carried Isolates of
            <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i>
            from the Czech Republic, Greece, and Norway

Yazdankhah, Siamak Pour; Kriz, Paula; Tzanakaki, Georgina; Kremastinou, Jenny; Kalmusová, J.; Musílek, Martin; Alvestad, Torill; Jolley, Keith A.; Wilson, Daniel J.; McCarthy, Noel D.; Caugant, Dominique A.; Maiden, Martin C. J.

doi:10.1128/jcm.42.11.5146-5153.2004

Cited by 221 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The expected distribution of lineages among disease and carriage isolates generated by this model was in agreement with data from 1993 (11) (Fig. 2C) and was also consistent with the general observation that populations of carried meningococci comprise multiple lineages (or clonal complexes), whereas collections of meningococcal isolates from cases of invasive disease typically contain a limited subset of lineages (11,12). These hyperinvasive lineages are known to be persistent, having spread worldwide over many decades (22).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Populations of this highly recombining bacterium (11), which has an essentially commensal relationship with the human host, also present the intriguing feature that only certain lineages, the so-called hyperinvasive lineages, are associated with disease (12). These observations present two conceptual challenges: first, how does lineage structure arise in the face of the observed high rates of recombination; and, second, why are some lineages especially virulent, when invasive disease confers no benefit in terms of host-to-host spread (13)?…”

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confidence: 99%

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Role of selection in the emergence of lineages and the evolution of virulence in Neisseria meningitidis

Buckee

Jolley

Recker

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Neisseria meningitis is a human commensal bacterium that occasionally causes life-threatening disease. As with a number of other bacterial pathogens, meningococcal populations comprise distinct lineages, which persist over many decades and during global spread in the face of high rates of recombination. In addition, the propensity to cause invasive disease is associated with particular ''hyperinvasive'' lineages that coexist with less invasive lineages despite the fact that disease does not contribute to host-to-host transmission. Here, by combining a modeling approach with molecular epidemiological data from 1,108 meningococci isolated in the Czech Republic over 27 years, we show that interstrain competition, mediated by immune selection, can explain both the persistence of multiple discrete meningococcal lineages and the association of a subset of these with invasive disease. The model indicates that the combinations of allelic variants of housekeeping genes that define these lineages are associated with very small differences in transmission efficiency among hosts. These findings have general implications for the emergence of lineage structure and virulence in recombining bacterial populations.bacteria ͉ meningococcus ͉ population structure ͉ strain ͉ mathematical model A spectrum of population structures has been identified among bacterial pathogens by multilocus studies of genetic variation in housekeeping genes (1, 2). It ranges from the extremely low diversity observed in Yersinia pestis (3) and Salmonella enterica var Typhi (4) to the very high levels of unstructured diversity found in Helicobacter pylori (5). The majority of pathogenic bacteria investigated to date, however, occupy an intermediate position within this spectrum, being composed of distinct cocirculating lineages that constitute a small subset of the possible allele combinations (6). These intermediate population structures exhibit apparently conflicting signals of both clonal descent and genetic exchange, and the mechanisms whereby they arise and are maintained remain incompletely understood (7).Neisseria meningitidis, the meningococcus, was one of the first bacteria where such an intermediate population structure was described (8-10). Populations of this highly recombining bacterium (11), which has an essentially commensal relationship with the human host, also present the intriguing feature that only certain lineages, the so-called hyperinvasive lineages, are associated with disease (12). These observations present two conceptual challenges: first, how does lineage structure arise in the face of the observed high rates of recombination; and, second, why are some lineages especially virulent, when invasive disease confers no benefit in terms of host-to-host spread (13)?Here, we address these questions by means of a survey of 1,108 meningococci isolated from asymptomatic carriage and disease in the Czech Republic over a 27-year period. The isolates were characterized at seven housekeeping loci by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (14) and...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of selection in the emergence of lineages and the evolution of virulence in Neisseria meningitidis

Buckee

Jolley

Recker

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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120

143

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“…We have previously studied populations of meningococcal isolates recovered from carriers and patients in the Czech Republic, Greece, and Norway (14). In that study, we found that in Greece, ST-162 and closely related STs were predominant both among disease-associated isolates and among carrier isolates.…”

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confidence: 80%

Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis of Meningococcal Isolates Belonging to the Sequence Type 162 Complex

et al. 2005

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Thirty-one meningococcal isolates from carriers and disease cases belonging to the sequence type (ST) 162 complex, isolated in Greece in 1999 and 2000, were studied by the use of variable-number tandem repeat analysis. Our study demonstrated that the isolates belonging to the ST-162 clonal complex were a heterogeneous group. Based on this heterogeneity, it is unlikely that the disease-associated isolates represent an outbreak.

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“…There have been reports of an increase in ST-269 following the introduction of the meningococcal C vaccine in Canada (30) and Scotland (15), with suggestions of possible capsule switching (between C and B) in Canada. ST-269 strains have also been identified in the United States (26), Cuba (9), and Europe (66). The identification of serogroup B isolates belonging to ST-334 indicates possible capsule switching from serogroup C to B since strains of ST-334 are mostly associated with serogroup C (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Analysis of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Strains in South Africa, 2002 to 2006: Emergence of New Clone ST-4240/6688

et al. 2012

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Distribution of Serogroups and Genotypes among Disease-Associated and Carried Isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from the Czech Republic, Greece, and Norway

Cited by 221 publications

References 64 publications

Role of selection in the emergence of lineages and the evolution of virulence in Neisseria meningitidis

Role of selection in the emergence of lineages and the evolution of virulence in Neisseria meningitidis

Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis of Meningococcal Isolates Belonging to the Sequence Type 162 Complex

Clonal Analysis of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Strains in South Africa, 2002 to 2006: Emergence of New Clone ST-4240/6688

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