Distribution of sequestered carbon in different pools in Alfisols under long-term groundnut system of hot arid region of India

Anantha, Krishna Chaitanya; Mandal, Biswapati; Badole, Shrikant; Majumder, Shyam Prasad; Datta, Ashim; Padhan, Dhaneshwar; Babu, M Vijaya Shankar

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2022.126467

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Soil disturbances because of tillage and other cultural practices hasten the SOC oxidation by exposing the protected C to an ultimate reduction in SOC (Six et al, 2002). Several studies reported a decline in TOC because of long-term cropping with annual crops under semiarid and sub-tropical regions (Majumder et al, 2008b;Srinivasarao et al, 2012;Anantha et al, 2022). Contrarily, the guinea grass-based round-the-year forage production systems provided a protective covering to the soil and improved aggregation, SOC, and soil quality in pastures and grassland because of perennial growth habit, profuse rooting of the tussocks, adaptation to conservation tillage practices, and greater biomass turnover (Sanderson and Adler, 2008;Das et al, 2014;Kibet et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 90% of roots in guinea grass are distributed in the top 0-0.40 m depth (Singh, 1996). Therefore, the lowered rhizodeposition and root biomass in sub-surface soil were the reasons for decreased SOC content with increasing depth (Basak et al, 2021a;Anantha et al, 2022). The increased DOC stock in 0.3-0.7 m soil depth was mainly because of the leaching of the soluble soil organic molecules to lower depths through well-drained silty loam soil under the influence of irrigation and/or rainwater (Hussain et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe perennial grass–legume cropping system benefits soil because of its high biomass turnover, cover cropping nature, and different foraging behaviors. We investigated the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools and their stock to organic and inorganic nutrient management in the Guinea grass and legume (cowpea-Egyptian clover) cropping system.MethodsDepth-wise soil samples were collected after harvesting the Egyptian clover. Based on the ease of oxidation with chromic acid, different pools of SOC oxidizable using the Walkley–Black C method, very labile, labile, less labile, non-labile; and dissolved organic C (DOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and total organic C (TOC) in soils were analyzed for computing several indices of SOC.Result and discussionAfter 10 years of crop cycles, FYM and NPKF nutrient management recorded greater DOC, MBC, SOC stocks, and C sequestration than the NPK. Stocks of all SOC pools and carbon management index (CMI) decreased with soil depth. A significant improvement in CMI, stratification ratio, sensitivity indices, and sustainable yield index was observed under FYM and NPKF. This grass–legume intercropping system maintained a positive carbon balance sequestered at about 0.8Mg C ha−1 after 10 years without any external input. Approximately 44–51% of the applied carbon through manure was stabilized with SOC under this cropping system. The DOC, MBC, and SOC in passive pools were identified for predicting dry fodder yield. This study concludes that the application of organics in the perennial grass–legume inter cropping system can maintain long-term sustainability, enhance the C sequestration, and offset the carbon footprint of the farm enterprises.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

et al. 2023

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“…In order to remain at the level of 1.5°C rising temperatures, these emissions should be further reduced by the reforestation of 585 million hectares due to a decrease in agricultural land with a simultaneous increase in production and increasing demand for food [2]. Since the use of crop raw materials has a zero balance of carbon dioxide, since it is assimilated by the plant to form organic matter, which has a multi-vector use -the expansion of crop production using adaptive technologies will contribute to an approach to "zero CO 2 emission" [18].…”

Section: Approaching the "Net-zero Co 2 Emissions" Goal Is The Way To...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bioenergy sector partially solves energy problems, but exacerbates food problems and requires a balanced solution, considering the use of renewable resources and diversification of energy supply sources, production of lubricants, environmental conservation, conservation and restoration of plant and soil biodiversity [10][11][12]. Climate change [13; 14], rational use of natural resources and soils [15][16][17], and growing problems with gas emission [18] are mutually conditioned and their solution is possible through the introduction of innovative technologies into production [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food security and innovative solutions in crop production

Kalenska¹

2022

Rosl. g̀runtozn.

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Global food and energy crises, rational land use, and environmental conservation are urgent problems in the world that determine the existence of human civilisation. The success of solving certain problems requires significant changes and innovative decisions in various production areas and in agriculture in particular. The purpose of the study is to analytically review data on food and energy security, rational use of crop production, problems and innovations in crop production, and identify ways to solve them. When preparing the paper, general scientific research methods were used: analysis and synthesis; system analysis, abstraction and concretisation, interpretation and generalisation of data. Sources for the preparation of the paper were reports of the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations of the US Department of Agriculture, statistical databases, and scientific sources. The political crisis in the world, population growth, changing consumption patterns, and climate change are driving the level of production and growing demand for crop production. Stabilisation and controlled production, innovations in crop cultivation technologies, land use efficiency, and environmental protection are mutually conditioned and require a comprehensive solution. Global changes in the use of plant material, where in addition to the traditional areas – food, fodder, technical processing – a powerful consumer, bioenergy, has emerged, causing increasing problems. Gas emission, conservation and restoration of plant biodiversity, and ecosystem protection are also pressing issues. Innovative technologies in crop production consider the need to preserve the biodiversity of plants and soil, the efficiency of using CO2, the latest forms of fertilisers, in particular, nanofertilisers, which provide for targeted, prolonged, regulated use of batteries, minimisation of losses; energy efficiency of technologies, and require constant improvement. These innovative ways of optimising crop production are important for practitioners who can use the proposed solutions in technological processes

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“…SOC consists of multiple compounds, from simple to more complex molecules, which can have different stability (Babu et al, 2020;Gerzabek et al, 2022). It is advisable that measuring rapidly changing SOC pools (labile pools) might be more informative in assessing soil quality (Anantha et al, 2022). Labile carbon (LC) mainly originates from the decomposition of plant and faunal biomass, root exudates, and deceased microbial biomass (Ahmed et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil carbon dynamics in the temperate Himalayas: Impact of land use management

Kumar

Wani

Mir

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Food security and environmental health are directly linked with soil carbon (C). Soil C plays a crucial role in securing food and livelihood security for the Himalayan population besides maintaining the ecological balance in the Indian Himalayas. However, soil C is being severely depleted due to anthropogenic activities. It is well known that land use management strongly impacted the soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and also regulates the atmospheric C chemistry. Different types of cultivation practices, i.e., forest, plantations, and crops in the Kashmir Himalayas, India, has different abilities to conserve SOC and emit C in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2). Hence, five prominent land use systems (LUC) (e.g., natural forest, natural grassland, maize-field-converted from the forest, plantation, and paddy crop) of Kashmir Himalaya were evaluated to conserve SOC, reduce C emissions, improve soil properties and develop understanding SOC pools and its fractions variations under different land use management practices. The results revealed that at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm profile, the soil under natural forest conserved the highest total organic carbon (TOC, 24.24 g kg−1 and 18.76 g kg−1), Walkley-black carbon (WBC, 18.23 g kg−1 and 14.10 g kg−1), very-labile-carbon (VLC, 8.65 g kg−1, and 6.30 g kg−1), labile-carbon (LC, 3.58 g kg−1 and 3.14 g kg−1), less-labile-carbon (VLC, 2.59 g kg−1, and 2.00 g kg−1), non-labile-carbon (NLC, 3.41 g kg−1 and 2.66 g kg-1), TOC stock (45.88 Mg ha−1 and 41.16 Mg ha−1), WBC stock (34.50 Mg ha−1 and 30.94 Mg ha−1), active carbon pools (AC, 23.14 Mg ha−1 and 20.66 Mg ha−1), passive carbon pools (PC, 11.40 Mg ha−1 and 10.26 Mg ha−1) and carbon management index (CMI, 100), followed by the natural grassland. However, the lowest C storage was reported in paddy cropland. The soils under natural forest and natural grassland systems had a greater amount of VLC, LC, LLC, and NLC fraction than other land uses at both depths. On the other hand, maize-field-converted-from-forest-land-use soils had a higher proportion of NLC fraction than paddy soils; nonetheless, the NLC pool was maximum in natural forest soil. LUS based on forest crops maintains more SOC, while agricultural crops, such as paddy and maize, tend to emit more C in the Himalayan region. Therefore, research findings suggest that SOC under the Kashmir Himalayas can be protected by adopting suitable LUS, namely forest soil protection, and by placing some areas under plantations. The areas under the rice and maize fields emit more CO2, hence, there is a need to adopt the conservation effective measure to conserve the SOC without compromising farm productivity.

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Distribution of sequestered carbon in different pools in Alfisols under long-term groundnut system of hot arid region of India

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

Changes in soil microbial biomass and organic C pools improve the sustainability of perennial grass and legume system under organic nutrient management

Food security and innovative solutions in crop production

Soil carbon dynamics in the temperate Himalayas: Impact of land use management

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