Distribution of platinum group elements in urban soils, comparison of historically different large cities Prague and Ostrava, Czech Republic

Mihaljevič, Martin; Galušková, Ivana; Strnad, Ladislav; Majer, Vladimı́r

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2012.10.008

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The PGE particles are then dissolved in a mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. For further pre-concentration the solution can be evaporated and the residue is redissolved in hydrochloric acid (Wichmann et al 2007;Zereini et al 2007;Pan et al 2009;Mihaljevič et al 2013). As described this procedures requires several manually performed steps and involves high amounts of reagents and sample.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As can be seen, highest concentrations are detected for Pt, followed by Pd and Rh. This Whiteley and Murray (2005), Locatelli (2006b), Wichmann et al (2007), Zereini et al (2007), Sutherland et al (2007), Tsogas et al (2008), Pan et al (2009, Orecchio and Amorello (2011, Mihaljevič et al (2013 Dusts 0.4-529 µg kg Leśniewska et al (2006), Limbeck (2006), Tsogas et al (2008), Leopold et al (2008), Malejko et al (2010), Gao et al (2012), Malejko et al (2012), Spada et al (2012), Afzali et al (2012) Rocks 0.14-10340 µg kg Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples …reflects the amounts of usage of the three elements for catalytic processes, such as in automotive catalytic converters (Matthey 2012). Traffic emissions are the main source for PGEs and therefore one observes the highest amounts in road dust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples: A Review

Schindl

Leopold

2014

Environmental Science and Engineering

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This review critically discusses techniques for separation, pre-concentration and detection of platinum group elements in environmental samples. Stateof-the-art methods and novel approaches, which were published after 2005 are described and summarized. Thereby, only publications were considered where measurements of real environmental samples and/or reference materials were performed for proof of applicability.

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Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples: A Review

Schindl

Leopold

2014

Environmental Science and Engineering

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“…This may be explained by the bioavailability of PGEs; many studies have found that Pd is more bioavailable than Pt, which means that Pd is more easily transferred from soils to other mediums, such as water or plants, resulting in lower Pd in soils (Mihaljevič et al 2013). …”

Section: Source Analysis Of Pgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important to investigate the long-term accumulation of PGEs resulting from the use of catalytic converters in vehicles (Lustig et al 1996;Rauch and Morrison 1999;Moldovan et al 2001). The distribution and behavior of PGEs in roadside soils have been investigated in many developed countries in Europe and North America (Schäfer and Puchelt 1998;Mihaljevič et al 2013). However, less information on PGE abundance is available in China, where the government has implemented measures on new cars equipped with catalytic converters since the late 1990s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal distribution of platinum group elements (PGEs) in roadside soils from Shanghai and Urumqi, China

et al. 2015

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Purpose The aims of this study are to elucidate the temporal trend, spatial distribution and the source of platinum group elements(PGEs) in roadside soil from Shanghai and Urumqi. Materials and methods The roadside surface soils from different types of road were collected in both Shanghai and Urumqi. The spatial and temporal distributions of PGEs in roadside soils were determined by ICP-MS. Results and discussion The average annual PGE concentrations from different types of roads in Shanghai occurred in the following order: highway > urban road, suggesting that total PGE concentrations were associated with driving speed. However, no significant difference in the concentrations of PGEs from different roads in Urumqi indicated that other factors also affected PGE distribution, such as driving conditions and traffic density. The temporal trends of PGEs were different between Shanghai and Urumqi. Levels of PGEs were low in spring and summer and high in autumn and winter in Shanghai. However, the trend was reverse in Urumqi because of the different forms of precipitation (rain vs. snow) and the occurrence of dry weather conditions in that city. Additionally, the highest concentration of Pt (23.5 ng g −1 ) was observed in winter in Urumqi, suggesting that coal combustion may be another important source of Pt in northern Chinese cities. Conclusions This study suggests that the spatiotemporal distribution of PGEs in soils is affected by the age of the catalytic converter used, traffic density, the type of catalytic converter used, and weather conditions. Although the PGEs were usually thought to be mainly from the abrasion and deterioration of catalytic converters, the coal combustion is also an important potential source of Pt, especially northern cities where coal combustion is high in winter.

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“…In addition, as reported by Paolucci et al (2007), PGEs can amplify the immune response to allergens while Linnett and Hughes (1999) report that PGE risk assessment could be based on the results of respiratory sensitizing potential of halogenated Pt salts. Urban park Mihaljevič et al (2013) 6 Pt and PGE in Italian Urban Environment: A Case Study…”

Section: Platinum Group Elements (Pges)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentially Harmful Elements in Urban Soils

Angelone

Udovič²

2014

PHEs, Environment and Human Health

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Throughout the human history, the anthropic activity inevitably leads to a legacy of increased PHE concentration in the environment. Nowadays the urban environment can be considered the main habitat for humans. Therefore, the acknowledgment and the understanding of the impact of PHEs in urban soils and dusts is imperative in order to develop a plan for the sustainable management of urban areas, which should limit this impact on human and environmental health. A historical background regarding urban soil contamination is presented, along with an overview of the PHEs and PGEs found in urban soils. As humans are daily exposed to PHEs present in air, water and soil, studies are focusing on their longterm effects and on the toxicological impact of PHE (PHEs') combinations, rather that of single elements. The importance of a comprehensive assessment of PHEs in urban soils and dusts, including their bioavailability, is discussed.

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Distribution of platinum group elements in urban soils, comparison of historically different large cities Prague and Ostrava, Czech Republic

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples: A Review

Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples: A Review

Spatial and temporal distribution of platinum group elements (PGEs) in roadside soils from Shanghai and Urumqi, China

Potentially Harmful Elements in Urban Soils

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