Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples: A Review

Schindl, Roland; Leopold, Kerstin

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44559-4_8

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Published data on dissolved concentrations of Rh in environmental samples are scarce, either due to the type of sample analysed or the high LOD of the techniques used. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first values reported for a WWTP and one of the few published for waters [28]. Moreover, these results prove well the advantage of the low cost, sensitive and reliable voltammetric technique here optimised.…”

Section: Application Of the Methods To Estuarine Sediments And Water Ssupporting

confidence: 73%

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Improved voltammetric method for simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh using second derivative signal transformation – application to environmental samples

Monteiro

Cobelo-Garcı́a

Caetano

et al. 2017

Talanta

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The determination of Platinum-group elements (PGE) in relevant environmental matrices is a challenging task. Sensitive and accurate analytical procedures for simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh are still needed. In this study, we report for the first time on the use of second derivative signal transformation to the ultra-trace simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh by Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (AdCSV). With that step, the ill-defined peaks typically observed in the original voltammograms are transformed into well-shaped peaks, resulting in accurate detection. The experimental conditions were investigated and optimised: a suitable electrolyte for both elements, with less reagents consumption, (0.25M HSO, 0.05M HCl, 0.01M FA and 0.5mM HZ), deposition time (t) and deposition potential (E). For t = 120s and E = -0.75V, linear relationships r > 0.999 were obtained in the concentration range up to 5.8ngL (27 pM) for Pt and up to 3.4ngL (34 pM) for Rh. Limits of detection were 0.2ngL for Pt and 0.08ngL for Rh. Lower values can be achieved by increasing the deposition time. Limits of quantification, LOQ, calculated as 3 times LOD, were 0.5ngL for Pt and 0.2ngL for Rh. The sensitivity of Pt was affected by elevated Zn concentrations, whereas a minor effect was observed for Rh. However, Pt and Rh determinations were not influenced using the standard addition method. Precision as intermediate precision and expressed as relative standard deviation, based on Pt and Rh spiked solutions and digested road dust CRM BCR-723 was 17% and 20% for Pt and Rh, respectively. Recoveries of CRM were around 90% for both elements. The method was successfully applied in the simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh in sediments from Tagus estuary and, for the first time, dissolved Rh was determined in water samples of a waste water treatment plant. Application of this technique in a multidisciplinary approach will be a relevant contribution to the current understanding of PGE cycle and fate in the environment.

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Section: Application Of the Methods To Estuarine Sediments And Water Ssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…-0.3 V [17]) where the adsorption of the rhodium complex is less favourable. However, this is not found in most environmental matrices, where higher Pt concentrations than Rh are expected (up to 10-fold [28]). So, a preaccumulation at the more favourable potential for Rh is desirable.…”

Section: Deposition Potential and Deposition Timementioning

confidence: 83%

Improved voltammetric method for simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh using second derivative signal transformation – application to environmental samples

Monteiro

Cobelo-Garcı́a

Caetano

et al. 2017

Talanta

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“…Nevertheless the drawback of expensive equipment as well as the limited matrix tolerance of the method are remarkable. 1,[14][15][16][17] Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) has been used for the detection of platinum in spiked water with detection limit of about 1 μg/L or more. 1,18 Electrochemical atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) has also been used with approximately the same detection limit (1 μg/L).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,18 Electrochemical atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) has also been used with approximately the same detection limit (1 μg/L). 1,19 Other techniques have been developed for the determination of platinum in water samples, like voltammetric techniques with detection limit 0.021 μg/L 14,20 and chemiluminescence reaction of lucigenin and biosorption. 14,21 Energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) can analyze platinum with very good results using the Lαline, with very small interference effects (from zinc's Kb line) which, if necessary, can be calculated and subtracted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,19 Other techniques have been developed for the determination of platinum in water samples, like voltammetric techniques with detection limit 0.021 μg/L 14,20 and chemiluminescence reaction of lucigenin and biosorption. 14,21 Energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) can analyze platinum with very good results using the Lαline, with very small interference effects (from zinc's Kb line) which, if necessary, can be calculated and subtracted. On the other hand, the minimum detection limits are often in the region of mg/kg (ppm); these limits are usually not sufficient for analysis of environmental interest.…”

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Platinum determination by membrane complexation and energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence analysis—A preliminary study

Vlamaki,

Kallithrakas‐Kontos,

Queralt

et al. 2023

X-Ray Spectrometry

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Platinum belongs to the technological metal group of platinum group metals, but it is finding more and more applications these days, especially in automotive catalytic converters and medicine. At the same time, the existing data on its potential toxicity both to humans and to the environment are currently rather limited, and there is also a need to increase the alternative possibilities of its chemical analysis. In this work, an attempt is made for the first time to determine platinum in aqueous samples with energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) at low concentrations. For this reason, selective complexing membranes were used that were produced in the context of the present research, after first testing many possible complexing agents. These membranes were fixed on the surface of thin films, immersed in the aqueous samples containing platinum at low concentrations, and after a certain period was collected and analyzed by EDXRF. In addition, other relevant factors such as the distribution of platinum on the membrane surface, the aging of the membrane, the effect of adding salts of various concentrations to the analyzed solution on the improvement of the achieved x‐ray yields, the pH, the optimal solution volume and the necessary equilibration time were also investigated. By optimizing all relevant factors, a minimum detection limit of 4 μg/L was achieved.

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Analysis of Platinum Group Elements in Environmental Samples: A Review

Cited by 2 publications

References 52 publications

Improved voltammetric method for simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh using second derivative signal transformation – application to environmental samples

Improved voltammetric method for simultaneous determination of Pt and Rh using second derivative signal transformation – application to environmental samples

Platinum determination by membrane complexation and energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence analysis—A preliminary study

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