Distribution of oxygen between molten steel and oxide refractories

Strelov, K. K.; Kashcheev, I. D.; Visloguzova, É. A.

doi:10.1007/bf01399762

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…If in ordinary pressed, fired chamotte refractories, the content of channel pores (> 5 ~m) which are permeable for slags [22] equals 30-60% (Fig. 3), then in ceramic concretes it is up to 5-10%.…”

Section: Ceramic Concretesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New population of refractory concretes: Cement free concretes (review)

Pivinskii

Trubitsyn

1990

Refractories

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In the first article [i] it was shown that the evolutionary development of refractory concretes based on high-alumina cements (VGTs) led to the creation of new concretes with low (4-8%) and superlow (i-2%) concentrations of such cements.Beside the important advantages of such concretes, their technology is connected with a range of features which complicate'their use.In particular, in the composition of dry concretes the significant quantities of ultrafine powders is connected with high energy outlay during their production and the undesirable ecological aspects during their use (especially in relation to silicosis-forming, amorphous~ SiO 2 [2]). Moreover, very high quality control is needed for batching, moisture content, and application technology, in connection with which even slight variations in these requirements at the user-factory lead, as indicated in [3], to a reduction in the resistance of the linings by a factor of 2-3.A further drawback of the new range of concretes based on VGTs is their variety of bonding systems (consisting, as a rule, of a complex system involving uitrafine particles, various inorganic and organic reagents -regulators of rheological and technological properties of the mixtures) and refractory filler.This may impair some of the properties of the concrete, in particular, a reduction in the refractoriness under load (RUL).Ceramic concretes:basic characteristics of technology and properties. From the information in [i] and the present article it is evident that the ideal composition for refractory concrete should be that in which both the filler and the bond are similar or equal in chemical composition (nature); this principle is precisely realized in the technology of ceramic concretes [4,5].It is relevant that the first reports on the development of ceramic concretes and also low cement concretes were made simultaneously in 1976. According to the chronological table for the development of work on VGTs and concretes based on them, laid out in [6], in line with the above proposals, the patent (7,622,344, France) was unknown to the authors of the present article; this patent covered the production of low cement-concrete with ultradispersed additions of SiO 2 and Cr=O 3. In 1976 reports were published on the technical principles for ceramic bonds and ceramic concretes, the content of which was published in [4,5]. Thus, simultaneously and independently, there appeared two very different concepts about the solution to one and the same problem -the production of qualitatively new refractory concretes.The concept of ceramic bonds (or VKVS) as the basis of ceramic concretes is based on the fact that most natural siliceous and aluminosilicate rock-forming minerals, in crystalline structure, are inorganic polymers [7]. Thus, the problem consisted in developing such technological processes which would enable us, in industrial conditions, to realize the capacity of the original mineral raw materials to form polymerization structures.The VKVS obtained with a special technology [8][9][10] consi...

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Section: Ceramic Concretesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The content of CaO stated for all cases indicates the presence of an addition (i-1.5%) of VGTs, which as mentioned in [22], is incorporated in the concretes with a clay bond as a flocculant (setting agent).…”

Section: Ceramic Concretesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New population of refractory concretes: Cement free concretes (review)

Pivinskii

Trubitsyn

1990

Refractories

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“…The minimum temperatures of the eutectic in the system periclase-spinel-silicates, calculated from the equation of A. S. Berezhnoi [5] T n = T2(T2/TI) I-2/n, vary in the range 1700-1930 K (TI, T 2 are the minimum fusion temperatures of the individual components and the binary eutectics, K; and n is the number of components).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fusion-cast periclase-spinel materials for granular structured refractories

et al. 1988

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Fused periclase-spinel refractories are obtained both by melting in the block and by pouring into molds [i]. With block melting the materials normally contain more than 60% MgO, and have a melting temperature of above 2300~ [2,3]. The blocks are crushed and the powders are used to make thermml-and melt-resistant, fusion-granular refractories for advanced processes in steel metallurgy, for example~ for vacuum treatment and stopperless casting of steel.Fusion-cast periclase-spinel refractories in the form of castings of crystallized melt contain less than 50% MgO, have a melting temperature of below 2300~ frequently below 2100~ and possess a low thermal-shock resistance, i.e., they are inferior to fusion-granular refractories. Fusion-cast refractories replace, for instance, the more wear-resistant, periclase-carbon refractories [4]~ In connection with this, and with the need to reduce the proportion of manual work and specific consumption of raw materials in comparison with the block process, it was desirable to obtain and use castings, not in the form of finished articles, but for prepared powders~ instead of chromite, for the production of thermal-shock resistant, fusion-granular refractories. It was necessary to obtain such spinel material by the casting method, which could easily be poured from the furnace into the mold and which, with respect to the influence on the thermal-shock resistance of the articles, would not be inferior to the natural granular chromite, and in terms of chemical resistance would be superior to it. The absence of natural chromite of high purity and any similar material prevents us from realizing the advantages of fusion-granular periclase-spinel refractories.

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