Distribution of NADPH-diaphorase and nitric oxide synthase reactivity in the central nervous system of the goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Participation of Neurochemical Signaling in Adult Neurogenesis and Differentiation

“…The presence of such fibers and CBS-ip endings in interganglionic plexus of corpus cerebelli, possibly reflecting the sinaptical method of release of H 2 S in this area of the masu salmon brain. The presence of NOergic cells and fibers was shown in the cerebellum on different species of fish by histochemical marking of NADPH-d [4,44,45]. Detection of nNOS in eurydendroid cells of masu salmon cerebellum confirms received our earlier data on histological labelling of NADPH-d in the neurons of this type of fish [46].…”

Pattern of Nitrergic Neuronal System Organization in the Brain of Two Holostean Fishes (Actinopterygii: Ginglymodi)

“…In addition, the large inferior hypothalamic lobes of gars also show a prominent population of NOS-ir cells located in the nucleus of the lateral recess. This peculiar brain structure in the hypothalamus of teleosts shows similar nitrergic cells in the nucleus of the lateral recess, but also in the central and diffuse nuclei of the inferior hypothalamic lobes [Arévalo et al, 1995;Brüning et al, 1995;Bordieri et al, 2003;Ando et al, 2004;Giráldez-Pérez et al, 2008], with the exceptions of C. batrachus and Haplochromis burtoni [Jadhao and Malz, 2004;Gaikwad et al, 2009]. The inferior hypothalamic lobes of teleosts are related to feeding and aggressive biting [Demski and Knigge, 1971], receiving indirect visual information from the pretectum [Wullimann and Meyer, 1990;Wullimann et al, 1991], taste information from secondary gustatory centers [Finger and Kanwal, 1992;Lamb and Caprio, 1993;Folgueira et al, 2003] and general visceral centers [Yoshimoto and Yamamoto, 2010;Kato et al, 2011] to produce a brainstem motor response that implicates activation of the trigeminal and facial motor nuclei.…”

“…This is reinforced by the lack of NADPH-d staining observed in transgenic knockout mice for NOS [Huang et al, 1993]. The lack of correlation in the olfactory system, noted in several species, including cladistians, teleosts, amphibians, and mammals Porteros et al, 1996;Virgili et al, 2001;López and González, 2002;Moreno et al, 2002;Giráldez-Pérez et al, 2008López et al, 2016], was explained by the presence of cytochrome P-450 reductase, which has close homology with NOS [Bredt et al, 1991] and presents NADPH-d activity. It should be mentioned that although we have referred here to "terminal nerve" fibers, it might be the case that these fibers represent extrabulbar olfactory projections, demonstrated for other actinpterygians and amphibians [Pinelli et al, 2004;Gayoso et al, 2011].…”

“…References: agnathans: Schober et al, 1994a;Kyriakatos et al, 2009;chondrichthyes: Shiells and Falk, 1992;Pérez et al, 1995;Álvarez-Otero et al, 1996;Funakoshi et al, 1997;Ferrando et al, 2012;Pose-Mendez et al, 2014;cladistians: López et al, 2016;chondrosteans: Pushchina and Obukhov, 2012;teleosts: Holmqvist et al, 1994teleosts: Holmqvist et al, , 2000Ostholm et al, 1994;Arévalo et al, 1995;Brüning et al, 1995;Anken and Rahmann, 1996;Cioni et al, 1997;Pottek et al, 1997;Funakoshi et al, 1999;Baby et al, 2000;Oyan et al, 2000;Haamedi and Djamgoz, 2002;Bordieri et al, 2003Bordieri et al, , 2005Singru et al, 2003;Ando et al, 2004;Bordieri and Cioni, 2004;Pushchina and Diuĭzen, 2004;Pushchina, 2007;Pushchina et al, 2007;Giráldez-Pérez et al, 2008Gaikwad et al, 2009;Pushchina and Obukhov, 2010;Ganz et al, 2012;lungfishes: Schober et al, 1994b;Northcutt, 2009;amphibians: Nöll et al, 1994;Crowe et al, 1995;Kurenni et al, 1995;Brüning and Mayer, 1996;González et al, 1996González et al, , 2002b…”

Vitamin C as an antioxidant stabilizes the depressive brain

“…In fixed tissues, reactive neurons have NADPH-diaphorase activity (González-Soriano et al, 2002) used as a histochemical detection method for neuronal NO -producing structures (Bredt et al, 1991). This is evident in cells positive to NADPH -d histochemistry and/or to the neuronal ni tric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunohistochemistry in different species of vertebrates (Arévalo et al, 1995;Münoz et al, 1996;Smeets et al, 1997;Alonso et al, 2000;Giraldez-Perez et al, 2008). The interest in detecting NADPH -d by histochemistry arose when researchers identified NADPH as a marker for nNOS (Hope et al, 1991) and a colocalization of NADPH activity and NOS immunoreactivity was relatively easy to document, repeatedly, in distinct sets of neurons (Briñon et al, 1998;Giraldez-Perez et al, 2008).…”