Distribution of Metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in Sediments of the Anzali Lagoon, North Iran

Rafiei, Behrouz; Ghomi, Fatemeh Ahmadi; Ardebili, Leila; Sadeghifar, Majid; Sharifi, Seyed Hojjat Khodaparast

doi:10.1080/15320383.2012.678953

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Relatively high TOC concentrations (9.70±0.17%) may be attributed to the enrichment of fine grained sediments in the riverine wetland. Heavy metals tend to be absorbed by organic materials due to the large specific surface area [27]. It can be seen that the C/N ratios of different depths of the sediment cores from the riverine wetland varied from 10.1 to 20.1, suggesting that organic matter originated principally from aquatic plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The formulas for the potential ecological risk index were modified as follows by Rafiei et al [27]: i r E is the potential ecological risk factor for the given substance i. i r T denotes the 'toxic response' factor for the individual substance (eg Cd = 30, Cr = 10, Cu = 5, Pb = 5, Zn = 5 and As = 2) [8]. Finally, RI is the integrated potential risk index of metals [28].…”

Section: Ecological Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Sediments Of A Riverine Wetland, Huaihe River Watershed, China

Yuan

Pan

Zhu

et al. 2015

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:The concentrations of Zn, Cr, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb in sediment cores collected from a representative riverine wetland located in the Huaihe River watershed, China, dramaticlly increased from the bottom to upper layer of the cores. Application of principal component analysis (PCA) and enrichment factor (EF) suggested that heavy metals might primarily have been derived from the inflow of contaminated water from an industrial park and agricultural region. Component 1 of the PCA was dominated by Zn, Cr, Cu, Cd, and Pb, while Component 2 was dominated by As. Metals' high concentrations and EF values showed that the anthropogenic pollutants have increased sharply in recent years and reflect the continuous development of industry and agriculture in the region of the wetland, with a corresponding dramatic deterioration of the environment due to constant effluent of pollutants. Cd exerted the highest potential ecological risk of individual metals of sediment cores. Additionally, integrated RI values for all metals indicated that sediments possessed low ecological risk from the bottom to about 6 cm depth of the cores, moderate ecological risk from about 5 cm depth upwards, then considerable ecological risk from 4 cm depth to the top layer of the sediment cores, which demonstrates a continuous deterioration of environmental quality in recent years in this region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Ecological Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Sediments Of A Riverine Wetland, Huaihe River Watershed, China

Yuan

Pan

Zhu

et al. 2015

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…To quantify the degree of anthropogenic contamination of metals in riverine wetland sediments, the geoaccumulation index ( I geo ) was introduced in this study. Numerous researchers have employed it to assess metals contamination in soils and sediments . The value of I geo is calculated by the following equation:

I_{g e o} = \log_{2} ({italicC}_{normaln} / (1.5 B_{n}))

where C n refers to the measured content of the investigated element n in sediments and B n is the geochemical background value of element n in the crust of earth that was commonly chosen as the background value .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The values of C n applied here constitute the environmentally available content of metals in the samples. I geo was divided into several grades as follows: I geo < 0, practically unpolluted; 0 < I geo < 1, unpolluted to moderately polluted; 1 < I geo < 2, moderately polluted; 2 < I geo < 3, moderately to strongly polluted; 3 < I geo < 4, strongly polluted; 4 < I geo < 5, strongly to extremely polluted, and I geo > 5, extremely polluted .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heavy metals residues in contaminated habitats may accumulate in microorganisms, aquatic flora, and fauna, and may ultimately enter into the human food chain and result in health problems . Low concentrations of some metals such as Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn are biologically essential for living organisms, whereas heavy metals concentrations above the tolerable level are harmful to species survival and ecosystem stability . The ecological risk of heavy metals in the aquatic ecosystems must be effectively assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentrations and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Riverine Wetlands Located in the Huaihe River Watershed, China

Yuan

Pan

Zhu

et al. 2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Fractionations and mobility of heavy metals in sediment cores taken from the Suoxu River located in the Huaihe River watershed, China, were carried out and assessed. The results revealed that the total concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn reached up to 0.38, 70.2, 92.1, 35.9, and 227.0 mg kg−1 in sediment cores from the upstream, 0.19, 66.5, 27.4, 29.1, and 80.1 mg kg−1 from the midstream and 0.18, 49.4, 24.2, 28.5, and 64.8 mg kg−1 from downstream of the river, respectively. The concentrations of heavy metals near the surface of sediment cores from the upstream were significantly higher compared to the bottom and the downstream of the river. Significant positive correlations between total organic carbon and metals suggested that heavy metals tended to be adsorbed by organic material, especially in sediment cores from the upstream of the river possessing high concentrations of organic matter. In addition, the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) values of deep sediment samples were lower than those of surficial sediment samples and increased drastically from about 4 cm depth layer. Igeo values greater than 1 in the upper layer of sediments from the upstream of the river revealed that the upper stream of the Suoxu River was exposed to moderate pollution. The increase of metal concentrations was connected with the inflow of the contaminated water from industrial effluents and domestic sewage. Finally, the sequential extraction after the European Communities Bureau of Reference procedure indicated that Cd was primarily bound to acid extractable fractions with a percentage from 47.4 to 63.8%, 51.1 to 73.3%, and 47.5 to 71.9% in the three sediment profiles, respectively. The upstream of the river was exposed to toxicity of Cd for the significant mobility. Cu and Pb possessed potential bioavailability because of the association with reducible and oxidizable species and could be released and entered into the food chain, whereas Cr and Zn displayed weak mobility because of the connection with residual fractions, concluded from the largest proportions accounting for total concentrations.

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The Swan Mussel (Anodonta cygnea) in Anzali Wetland of Iran, a Potential Biomonitor for Cd and Pb

Ganjali

Mortazavi

2014

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Protecting wetlands from environmental pollution has been of significant importance, as they are the vital habitats for various kinds of birds and animals. This study has aimed to monitor the contamination of Cd and Pb in Anzali wetland, located in the north of Iran using a mussel biomonitor. The contents of Cd and Pb were measured in the surface sediment, the soft tissue, and the shell of A. cygnea. The samples were collected from four sites in the region. The results demonstrated that the shell of A. cygnea can be employed as a precise case for biomonitoring of Cd and Pb, due to the higher biota-sediment accumulation factor and the lower coefficient of variation values found in the shell compared with the soft tissue, and also according to the positive correlation between Cd and Pb levels in the shell of A. cygnea and the sediment.

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Distribution of Metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in Sediments of the Anzali Lagoon, North Iran

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Ecological Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Sediments Of A Riverine Wetland, Huaihe River Watershed, China

Ecological Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Sediments Of A Riverine Wetland, Huaihe River Watershed, China

Concentrations and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Riverine Wetlands Located in the Huaihe River Watershed, China

The Swan Mussel (Anodonta cygnea) in Anzali Wetland of Iran, a Potential Biomonitor for Cd and Pb

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