Distribution of Low-Density Lipoprotein and High-Density Lipoprotein Subclasses in Patients With Sarcoidosis

Abstract

Context.-Systemic inflammatory diseases are associated with proatherogenic lipoprotein profile, but there is a lack of information regarding overall distributions of lipoprotein subclasses in sarcoidosis.Objective.-To investigate whether patients with sarcoidosis have altered distributions of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles.Design.-Seventy-seven patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis (29 with acute and 48 with chronic sarcoidosis) treated with corticosteroids and 77 age-and sex-matched controls were included in the study. Low-density lipoprotein and HDL subclasses were determined by gradient gel electrophoresis, while inflammatory markers and lipid parameters were measured by standard laboratory methods.Results.-Compared to controls, patients had fewer LDL I subclasses (P , .001), but more LDL II and III (P , .001) subclasses. This pattern was evident in both acute and chronic disease groups. Patients also had smaller HDL size (P , .001) and higher proportions of HDL 2a (P ¼ .006) and 3a particles (P ¼ .004). Patients with chronic sarcoidosis had smaller LDL size than those with acute disease (P ¼ .02) and higher proportions of HDL 3a subclasses (P ¼ .04) than controls. In acute sarcoidosis, relative proportions of LDL and HDL particles were associated with levels of inflammatory markers, whereas in chronic disease an association with concentrations of serum lipid parameters was found.Conclusions.-The obtained results demonstrate adverse lipoprotein subfraction profile in sarcoidosis with sustained alterations during disease course. Evaluation of LDL and HDL particles may be helpful in identifying patients with higher cardiovascular risk, at least for prolonged corticosteroid therapy due to chronic disease course.

Metabolomics connects aberrant bioenergetic, transmethylation, and gut microbiota in sarcoidosis

“…Several metabolites found to be altered in the present study have been previously associated with atherosclerosis and CVD, indicating a connection between these inflammatory diseases and sarcoidosis. These findings support previous studies that reported the presence of proatherogenic lipoprotein particles in sarcoidosis patients (Vekic et al 2013; Ivanisevic et al 2012). Future work should include a larger population sample and other chronic inflammatory diseases, such as lupus and cystic fibrosis, to confirm the specificity of the metabolites identified in this study.…”

Genetic association of lipids and lipid-lowering drug target genes with sarcoidosis

“…However, the results of this study did not reveal any correlation between serum HDL-c or TC levels and sarcoidosis. In a study by Jelena Veki et al, with 77 patients, adverse lipoprotein subpro les in the serum of sarcoidosis patients continued to change over the course of the disease, with an increase in the serum LDL II and III subclasses (p < 0.001) [24] . In an observational study of 133 patients with newly diagnosed sarcoidosis and 51 patients with untreated risk-like arthritis, Arzu Cennet Izek et al…”

Atherosclerosis Development and Progression: The Role of Atherogenic Small, Dense LDL

“…SdLDL particles were reportedly more prevalent in patients with psoriatic arthritis [54] and altered LDL subclasses distribution has been observed in rheumatoid arthritis too [55]. Similarly, smaller LDL size and increased proportion of sdLDL particles has been reported in sarcoidosis patients [56,57]. Therefore, available evidence suggests that adverse LDL subclasses distribution could be one of the key features of elevated CVD risk in patients with inflammatory diseases.…”