Distribution of individual members of the mosquito <i>Anopheles maculipennis</i> complex in <scp>G</scp>ermany identified by newly developed real‐time <scp>PCR</scp> assays

Lühken, Renke; Czajka, Christina; Steinke, S.; Jöst, Hanna; Schmidt‐Chanasit, Jonas; Pfitzner, Wolf Peter; Becker, Norbert; Kiel, Ellen; Krüger, Andreas; Tannich, Egbert

doi:10.1111/mve.12161

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…messeae had a negative correlation with the maximum temperature of the warmest month and altitude, whereas the probability of occurrence of An. daciae had a positive correlation [98]. In addition, An.…”

Section: An Messeae and An Daciae Differ In Their Ecological Prefermentioning

confidence: 88%

“…messeae occupy regions with temperate oceanic and humid continental climates according to the Eurasian Koppen-Geiger climate classification system [97]. These two species often occur in sympatry [33,[35][36][37][38][39]98,99] but their ecological niches do not completely overlap. A recent study conducted in Germany demonstrated that the probability of occurrence of An.…”

Section: An Messeae and An Daciae Differ In Their Ecological Prefermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Naumenko

Karagodin

Yurchenko

et al. 2020

Genes

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Chromosomal inversions are important drivers of genome evolution. The Eurasian malaria vector Anopheles messeae has five polymorphic inversions. A cryptic species, An. daciae, has been discriminated from An. messeae based on five fixed nucleotide substitutions in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA. However, the inversion polymorphism in An. daciae and the genome divergence between these species remain unexplored. In this study, we sequenced the ITS2 region and analyzed the inversion frequencies of 289 Anopheles larvae specimens collected from three locations in the Moscow region. Five individual genomes for each of the two species were sequenced. We determined that An. messeae and An. daciae differ from each other by the frequency of polymorphic inversions. Inversion X1 was fixed in An. messeae but polymorphic in An. daciae populations. The genome sequence comparison demonstrated genome-wide divergence between the species, especially pronounced on the inversion-rich X chromosome (mean Fst = 0.331). The frequency of polymorphic autosomal inversions was higher in An. messeae than in An. daciae. We conclude that the X chromosome inversions play an important role in the genomic differentiation between the species. Our study determined that An. messeae and An. daciae are closely related species with incomplete reproductive isolation.

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Section: An Messeae and An Daciae Differ In Their Ecological Prefermentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: An Messeae and An Daciae Differ In Their Ecological Prefermentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Naumenko

Karagodin

Yurchenko

et al. 2020

Genes

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“…to humans. However, future studies might use recent molecular typing techniques [54–56] to identify the most likely vectors for Dirofilaria spp. in these species complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulation of Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis in Moldova

et al. 2016

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BackgroundOver the last two decades, a significant spread of dirofilariasis has been observed in eastern and central Europe. However, data on the circulation of Dirofilaria spp. in Moldova were absent although direct neighbor states reported high incidence rates of human dirofilariasis.MethodsDaily mean temperature data were used to calculate Dirofilaria spp. development units, which were used to estimate the potential for complete extrinsic development in the mosquitoes (= sum of potential Dirofilaria spp. transmission days). In addition, 4,481 adult female mosquitoes were collected from 25 trapping sites. From 2010 to 2015, sampling was conducted with Centers for Disease Control miniature light traps, indoor resting mosquito collections as well as human landing catches in urban, rural and natural areas. Mosquitoes were analyzed for the presence of D. repens and D. immitis DNA using a duplex real-time PCR assay targeting nucleotide differences within the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (D. repens) and 16S rRNA gene fragment (D. immitis).ResultsThe average of the yearly sum of potential Dirofilaria spp. transmission days between 2010 and 2015 ranged from 90 to 140 days with an increasing gradient from the North to the South of Moldova. Positive mosquito pools for D. repens were found countrywide at 13 of the 25 trapping sites and in 17 of the 22 screened mosquito taxa (26.51% of all 347 tested pools), while D. immitis was detected only at 4 of the trapping sites (Center and South) in 4 different mosquito species (8.65% of all 347 tested pools). Highest infection rates (EIR) per 100 specimens for both Dirofilaria species were found in An. maculipennis (s.l.) (D. repens: EIR = 4.91; D. immitis: EIR = 2.01), whereas the most frequent mosquito taxon Cx. pipiens (s.l.)/torrentium had significantly lower infections rates (D. repens: EIR = 0.88; D. immitis: EIR = 0.47).ConclusionsThe temperature conditions in Moldova are suitable for transmission of Dirofilaria spp. within the entire country, which is supported by a wide distribution of Dirofilaria spp.-positive mosquitoes with high infection rates. The low number of reported human cases most likely does not reflect the current epidemiological situation of dirofilariasis in Moldova.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1916-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: But Their Ecological Niches Do Not Completely Overlap a Recmentioning

confidence: 88%

Genomic, chromosomal, and ecological differentiation between the cryptic Eurasian malaria vector-species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Naumenko

Karagodin

Yurchenko

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background A dominant malaria vector, Anopheles messeae, is a highly polymorphic species with wide distribution throughout Eurasia. Five highly polymorphic inversions associated with the geographical distribution of the species have been reported. A sister species, An. daciae, was described and discriminated from An. messeae based on five fixed nucleotide substitutions in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA. However, the levels of genomic divergence, chromosomal variation, and ecological differentiation between these two cryptic species remain unexplored. Results In this study, we sequenced ITS2 and analyzed the inversion frequencies of 289 Anopheles larvae specimens collected from three locations in the Moscow region. We identified a high abundance of both An. messeae and An. daciae in all three locations. Five individual genomes for each species of An. messeae and An. daciae from one location were sequenced. Our study confirmed five previously described nucleotide substitutions in the ITS2 of An. messeae. However, we found that the ITS2 sequence in An. daciae was heterogenic in three of the five positions. Fixed nucleotide differences between An. messeae and An. daciae were found only in the last two positions. One mosquito was identified as a hybrid between An. messeae and An. daciae based on heterogeneous substitutions in all five positions. Although, the genomic sequence comparison demonstrated genome-wide divergence between the two species, which is especially pronounced on the X chromosome, an ADMIXTURE cluster analysis demonstrated the presence of two admixed individuals suggesting ongoing hybridization. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated that An. messeae and An. daciae significantly differ from each other by their frequency of polymorphic inversions. Inversion X1 was fixed in An. messeae but was polymorphic in all An. daciae populations. The frequency of polymorphic autosomal inversions was higher in An. messeae than in An. daciae. The species composition was different among the studied locations suggesting species-specific ecological preferences. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that An. messeae and An. daciae represent closely related cryptic species with incomplete reproductive isolation that are able to maintain genomic differentiation in sympatry despite ongoing genetic introgression. The X chromosome plays an important role in the reproductive isolation between the species.

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Distribution of individual members of the mosquito Anopheles maculipennis complex in Germany identified by newly developed real‐time PCR assays

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Chromosome and Genome Divergence between the Cryptic Eurasian Malaria Vector-Species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Circulation of Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis in Moldova

Genomic, chromosomal, and ecological differentiation between the cryptic Eurasian malaria vector-species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

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