Distribution ofMelaleuca alternifoliaessential oil in liposomes with Tween 80 addition and enhancement ofin vitroantimicrobial effect

Abstract

Tea tree oil (TTO) exhibits excellent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In order to preserve it from the degradation in the presence of oxygen, light and temperature, TTO was encapsulated in liposomes (LTTOs) using the thinmembrane hydration and sonication method, and characterised by Zetasizer for size and size distribution, transmission electron microscope for morphology, zetapotential for surface charge, entrapment efficiency and TTO release from the nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activities of phosphate-buffered saline solution containing TTO, unloaded liposomes and LTTOs suspension were determined by twofold serial broth dilution technique. The size of LTTOs was 75 nm and the encapsulation efficiency of 96.08% was obtained. LTTOs exhibited slow release of TTO and superior broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects compared with free TTO. Liposomes not only effectively encapsulated TTO to form a stable liposome suspension, but also enhanced inhibition and bactericidal effect on the TTOtolerant strain. The liposomal systems carrying TTO may be a potential alternative for effective antimicrobial agents.

Encapsulation of Essential Oils - A Booster to Enhance their Bio-efficacy as Botanical Preservatives

“…Major advantages of liposome method are suitable carrier for hydrophobic, hydrophilic and amphipathic compounds as well as increased bioavailability, stability and water solubility of encapsulated compound along with enhanced bio-efficacy (Sherry et al, 2013). Liposome loaded Melaleuca alternifolia EO exhibited strong antimicrobial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli, Candida ablicans and high stability against oxygen, light and temperature in comparison to its unencapsulated form (Ge & Ge, 2016). Moreover, liposomal encapsulation of different EO Institute of Science, BHU Varanasi, India components such as thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, γ˗terpinene and geraniol showed superior antifungal and antibacterial efficacy as compared to their unencapsulated formulations.…”

Prospects of Polymeric Nanofibers Loaded with Essential Oils for Biomedical and Food-Packaging Applications

“…This could be related to a decrease in the matrix’s molecular interactions in which the disorder may increase component solubility [ 174 ]. Terpinene-4-ol components present in TTO with higher antibacterial activity could be responsible for raising the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane’s permeability and promoting microbial cell damage [ 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 ]. The results derived from this research suggest using cassava starch–glycerol with nanofiber cellulose film to cut down the application of synthetic polymers and maintain the active properties of TTO.…”

Terpinen‐4‐ol liposomes‐incorporated chitosan/polyethylene oxide electrospun nanofibrous film ameliorates the external microenvironment of healing cutaneous wounds

“…TOLs were fabricated from PC, Chol and terpinen-4-ol using the conventional thin film hydration method as described by Ge et al 31,32 Briefly, 100 mg PC and 20 mg Chol were dissolved in 10 ml chloroform in a dry round bottom flask and the solvent was evaporated at room temperature, 12 rpm for 1 h using a rotary evaporator. The remaining lipid-film was hydrated with 10 ml terpinen-4-ol solution (phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pH 3.0, containing 1.0%(v/v) Tween-80 and 5.0%(v/v) terpinen-4-ol) by agitation for 20 min at 45 C. Simultaneously, the sonication was carried out in a bath-type sonicator (Branson Ultrasonics, Danbury, CT) to form small unilamellar liposomes.…”

“…Terpinen-4-ol in the solution was determined according to the reported method. 31 Finally, percentage entrapment efficiency of TOLs was determined using the calibration curve and the following formulae:…”