Distribution of Glycinebetaine in Old and Young Leaf Blades of Salt-Stressed Barley Plants

Nakamura, Toshihide; Ishitani, Manabu; Harinasut, Poontariga; Nomura, Masatoshi; Takabe, Teruhiro; Takabe, Tetsuko

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029026

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…After application of the salt stress there was a rather high relative increase in the contents of this solute, particularly in the youngest leaves. It is interesting to note that, under salt stress conditions, sorghum, barley and wheat seem to be able to synthesize and to accumulate betaine in growing tissues of the shoot, and it has been considered an important organic solute in osmotic adjustment in these plants (Grieve and Maas, 1984;Colmer et al, 1996;Nakamura et al, 1996). However, betaine contents found in this experiment were quite small comparatively to other organic solutes and no difference between the two sorghum genotypes studied here was detected.…”

Section: Effect Of Salinity On Organic Solutes Accumulation and Distrmentioning

confidence: 55%

Plant growth and solute accumulation and distribution in two sorghum genotypes, under NaCl stress

Lacerda

Cambraia

Cano

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Fisiol. Veg.

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-Seedlings of two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes with differential tolerance to salinity were exposed to 0 and 100 mM NaCl, gradually added in increments of 25 mM every 12 hours, in nutrient solution. Seven days after starting the salt treatment the growth of the shoot and root system and the inorganic and organic solutes contents were determined. Salinity reduced the dry matter yield and length of the shoot and root system in both sorghum genotypes, specially in the sensitive one. In general, it was observed an increase in Na + and Cl -transfer to the shoot, in Na + and Cl -accumulation and in the Na + /Cl -ratio but a decrease in the K + and Ca 2+ transfer to shoot and in the K + and Ca 2+ contents in the shoot, always with higher intensity in sensitive genotype. Apparently, the tolerance to high saline concentrations in sorghum seems to be related to the genotype ability to avoid accumulation of harmful levels of Na + and Cl -and, or to maintain adequate levels of K + and Ca 2+ , specially in the shoot. The soluble carbohydrates and amino acids constituted together over 98% of the total organic solutes and showed the greatest absolute increase in concentration during saline stress. Probably, the soluble carbohydrates were the most important organic solutes to contribute to the osmotic adjustment in the leaves and the amino acids in the roots. Under saline stress there was an expressive increase in proline contents, specially in the oldest leaves of sensitive genotype. The proline contents, however, even under salt stress, did not reach the levels of other organic solutes. Contrary to the general acceptance, proline does not seem to have an important role in the mechanism of salt tolerance, at least for these genotypes and under the experimental conditions applied here. ADDITIONAL INDEX TERMS:

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Section: Effect Of Salinity On Organic Solutes Accumulation and Distrmentioning

confidence: 55%

Plant growth and solute accumulation and distribution in two sorghum genotypes, under NaCl stress

Lacerda

Cambraia

Cano

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Fisiol. Veg.

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“…preferentially accumulated to higher concentrations in older leaves and roots (the leaves and roots harvested after 30 days salt treatment), especially in treatments of 100 mM NaCl and above. This phenomenon is common in glycophytes (Nakamura et al 1996) and could be explained by the fact that older leaves have been exposed to salt for a longer period than the younger ones. In addition, their vacuoles are bigger and thus can accumulate more Na ?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of salinity tolerance in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) using ion accumulation, proline and peroxidase criteria

2011

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Salt tolerance of sorghum varieties in terms of fresh weight, ion accumulations, proline content and peroxidase activity was analyzed in this study. Three sorghum varieties, Payam, Kimia, and Jambo, differing in salt tolerance, were grown in a greenhouse-hydroponic culture with a complete nutrition solution to which 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl was added. Plant roots and leaves were harvested at 15 and 30 days after treatment and subjected to analysis. Clear decline in K ? and Ca 2? concentrations and increase in Na ? and proline contents were observed in the root and leaf tissues at each NaCl concentration in all varieties during the NaCl treatment. The Ca 2? concentration in leaves was higher than in roots, and had the following order in the tested cultivars: Jambo, Kimia, and Payam. Total peroxidase activity increased under salinity stress and it was proportional with the salt concentration. Payam had the largest decrease (46.95%) in fresh weight caused by NaCl, while Jambo had the lowest decrease, 28.63%. Linear regression analysis revealed significant relationships between the estimated factors and fresh weight. The profiles of isoperoxidases were modified under stress conditions. Two isoforms, A1 and A2, were detected in all three varieties with different intensities. Under NaCl stress, isoperoxidases were strongly expressed and a third isoform, A3, was specifically found in variety Jambo suggesting that A3 is implicated in salt adaptation of this variety.

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“…For the Na + that does enter shoots of cereals, its accumulation in old leaves, and continued transport of K + to young leaves, also contributes to salt tolerance (Greenway et al, 1965;Yeo and Flowers, 1984;Wolf et al, 1991). Furthermore, glycinebetaine accumulates in the young leaves of salt-tolerant cereals (Colmer et al, 1995;Nakamura et al, 1996). In addition to these physiological traits, other characteristics also determine salt tolerance (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt tolerance in a Hordeum marinum-Triticum aestivum amphiploid, and its parents

Islam

Malik

Islam

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Growth, grain production, and physiological traits were evaluated for Hordeum marinum, Triticum aestivum (cv. Chinese Spring), and a H. marinum-T. aestivum amphiploid, when exposed to NaCl treatments in a nutrient solution. H. marinum was more salt tolerant than T. aestivum and the amphiploid was intermediate, both for vegetative growth and relative grain production. H. marinum was best able to 'exclude' Na + and Cl 2 , particularly at high external NaCl. At 300 mM NaCl, concentrations of Na + (153 mmol g 21 dry mass) and Cl 2(75 mmol g 21 dry mass) in the youngest fully-expanded leaf blade of H. marinum were, respectively, only 7% and 4% of those in T. aestivum; and in the amphiplolid the Na + and Cl 2 concentrations were 39% and 36% of those in T. aestivum. Glycinebetaine and proline concentrations in the youngest fully-expanded leaf blade of plants exposed to 200 mM NaCl were highest in H. marinum (128 and 60 mmol g 21 dry mass, respectively), lowest in T. aestivum (85 and 37 mmol g 21 dry mass), and intermediate in the amphiploid (108 and 54 mmol g 21 dry mass). Thus, salt tolerance of H. marinum was expressed in the H. marinum-T. aestivum amphiploid.

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Distribution of Glycinebetaine in Old and Young Leaf Blades of Salt-Stressed Barley Plants

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

Plant growth and solute accumulation and distribution in two sorghum genotypes, under NaCl stress

Plant growth and solute accumulation and distribution in two sorghum genotypes, under NaCl stress

Evaluation of salinity tolerance in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) using ion accumulation, proline and peroxidase criteria

Salt tolerance in a Hordeum marinum-Triticum aestivum amphiploid, and its parents

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