Distribution of foot and mouth disease virus serotypes in cattle of Bangladesh

Abstract

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection in cloven hoofed domestic and wild animals and endemic in many countries of the world including Bangladesh. Clinical investigation was carried out to identify natural cases of FMD and characteristics signs of FMD like salivation, ulceration in oral and pedal tissues and lameness was seen. The specific serotypes of FMD viruses involved in infected cattle were, therefore, identified using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Samples (N=97) from oral lesions was collected from infected cattle from seven divisions of Bangladesh during May to December, 2013. Viral RNA was extracted from the infected oral tissues and FMD virus specific uniplex RT-PCR was designed to detect FMD viruses. Multiplex RT-PCR was adapted to detect serotype specific amplicons. Out of 97 samples tested in uniplex and multiplex RT-PCR, 92 and 90 samples showed amplification reaction for FMD virus and viral serotypes respectively. Among the 90 FMD virus specific positive identification, single infectivity due to FMD viral Serotypes O, A and Asia 1 were seen in 56 (62.2%), 13 (14.4%) and 16 (17.8%) cases respectively. Three cattle (3.3%) were co-infected with FMD viral Serotypes O and Asia 1 and two (2.2%) with FMD viral Serotypes O and A. FMD viral serotype O was dominating all over the country followed by Asia1 and A. Cattle of Bangladesh were infected with FMD viral serotype O, A and Asia 1 alone or in combination. The RT-PCR protocols designed and adapted successfully detected FMD viruses and viral serotypes in a fraction of the time required for virus isolation and serological detection. These RT-PCR protocols can be used for rapid serotyping of FMD viruses from filed infectivity and selection of vaccine viruses.

Outbreak investigations of foot and mouth disease virus in Nepal between 2010 and 2015 in the context of historical serotype occurrence

“…; Islam et al . ). The vaccination campaign may have been effective in limiting FMD outbreaks caused by serotypes A and Asia‐1.…”

“…Serotype O was the most commonly detected serotype between 1965-2015. Although only serotype O has been detected in Nepal since 2011, serotypes A and Asia-1 have been detected regularly in Nepal previously, and these serotypes continue to circulate in neighboring India and Bangladesh (Nandi et al 2015;Hegde et al 2016;Islam et al 2017). The vaccination campaign may have been effective in limiting FMD outbreaks caused by serotypes A and Asia-1.…”

Clinicopathological Investigation of Foot and Mouth Disease and Serotype Identification of the Viruses in Cattle of Bangladesh

“…Tissue samples were collected from the oral/pedal lesions of infected cattle, extracted viral RNA using RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen #74106). A total of 40 cycles of amplification reaction was carried out by using each sample [17]. The RT-PCR amplicons were electrophoresed in agarose gel to visualize the fragment of genes and to identify the viral serotype involved.…”

ELISA, RT-PCR, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and sequencing methods for investigating an epidemic FMD virus serotype O outbreaks

“…The native routine vaccination of the animals is not professional for controlling the dispersal of the disease due to the lack of crossprotection between the different viral serotypes and subtypes (Mason et al, 2003) and the viral mutations are at the high rate, especially in VP1 gene (Dopazo et al, 1988;Domingo et al, 1990;Samuel et al, 1999;Carrillo et al, 2005;Maryam et al, 2017;Islam et al, 2017).…”