Distribution of dopaminergic fibers and neurons in visual and auditory cortices of the harbor porpoise and pilot whale

Hof, Patrick R.; Glezer, Ilya I.; Revishchin, A. V.; Bouras, Constantin; Charnay, Yves; Morgane, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/0361-9230(94)00202-c

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This is particularly true of the primary visual cortex, where humans and other primates exhibit TH-ir axons only in layer I and DAergic axons are rarely found in rodent visual cortex (Gaspar et al, 1989;Berger et al, 1991). In contrast, the cetacean primary visual cortex is innervated throughout all layers, and it is more densely innervated than the auditory cortex, whereas the reverse is true for the other mammals (Hof et al, 1995). Such phylogenetic differences strongly suggest a potential role for this neurotransmitter in brain evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A broader view of phylogenetic differences has been provided by Hof and collaborators in an analysis of cortical TH-ir axon distribution in the harbor porpoise and pilot whale (Hof et al, 1995). Their findings revealed a different pattern of innervation of auditory and visual cortices of cetaceans compared to that of other mammals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sections were removed from the freezer and rinsed a minimum of 10 × 5 minutes in PBS. A 1-in-10 series (human samples and chimpanzee primary motor cortex) or a 1-in-20 series (macaque samples and chimpanzee frontal lobe) for each area was immunohistochemically stained for TH, to measure putative DA-containing fibers (Hof et al, 1995;Akil et al, 1999;Smiley et al, 1999) using a rabbit anti-TH polyclonal antibody (AB152, Chemicon, Temecula, CA). Sections were pretreated for antigen retrieval by incubating in 10 mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 3.5) at 37° C for 30 minutes.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cortical dopaminergic innervation among humans, chimpanzees, and macaque monkeys: A comparative study

et al. 2008

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In this study, we assessed the possibility that humans differ from other primate species in the supply of dopamine to the frontal cortex. To this end, quantitative comparative analyses were performed among humans, chimpanzees, and macaques using immunohistochemical methods to visualize tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive axons within the cerebral cortex. Axon densities and neuron densities were quantified using computer-assisted stereology. Areas 9 and 32 were chosen for evaluation due to their roles in higher-order executive functions and theory of mind, respectively. Primary motor cortex (area 4) was also evaluated because it is not directly associated with cognition. We did not find an overt quantitative increase in cortical dopaminergic innervation in humans relative to the other primates examined. However, several differences in cortical dopaminergic innervation were observed among species which may have functional implications. Specifically, humans exhibited a sublaminar pattern of innervation in layer I of areas 9 and 32 that differed from that of macaques and chimpanzees. Analysis of axon length density to neuron density among species revealed that humans and chimpanzees together deviated from macaques in having increased dopaminergic afferents in layers III and V/VI of areas 9 and 32, but there were no phylogenetic differences in area 4. Finally, morphological specializations of axon coils that may be indicative of cortical plasticity events were observed in humans and chimpanzees, but not macaques. Our findings suggest significant modifications of dopamine's role in cortical organization occurred in the evolution of the apes, with further changes in the descent of humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cortical dopaminergic innervation among humans, chimpanzees, and macaque monkeys: A comparative study

et al. 2008

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“…As there is a 55-60 million year divergence between cetaceans and the phylogenetically closest group (the artiodactyls), odontocete brains represent a blend of early mammalian and uniquely derived features (Ridgway, 1986;Glezer et al, 1988;Ridgway, 1990;Manger et al, 1998). The differences between cetacean and other mammalian brains of similar size have been noted at the level of cortical cytoarchitecture and histochemistry (Garey et al, 1985;Garey and Leuba, 1986;Glezer et al, , 1992aGlezer et al, , b, 1993Glezer et al, , 1998Hof et al, 1992Hof et al, , 1995, cortical surface configuration (Jacobs et al, 1979;Morgane et al, 1980;Haug, 1987), and subcortical structural morphology (Tarpley and Ridgway, 1994;Glezer et al, 1995a, b). These differences are also manifest during ontogeny (Oelschlager and Buhl, 1985;Buhl and Oelschlager, 1988;Oelschlager and Kemp, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomy of the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

et al. 2002

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In this study, magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain of an adult common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) were acquired in the coronal plane at 66 antero-posterior levels. From these scans a computer-generated set of resectioned virtual images in orthogonal planes was constructed using the programs VoxelView and VoxelMath (Vital Images, Inc., Michigan State Univ.). Sections in all three planes reveal major neuroanatomical structures. These structures in the adult common dolphin brain are compared with those from a fetal common dolphin brain from a previously published study as well as with MR images of adult brains of other odontocetes. This study, like previous ones, demonstrates the utility of MR imaging (MRI) for comparative neuroanatomical investigations of dolphin brains. Anat Rec 268: 411-429, 2002.

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“…Because of the 55-to 60-million year divergence between cetaceans and other mammals, odontocete brains represent a blend of early mammalian features and uniquely derived characteristics (Glezer et al, 1988;Manger et al, 1998;Ridgway, 1986Ridgway, , 1990. The differences between dolphin and other mammalian brains of similar size have been noted at the level of cortical cytoarchitecture and immunohistochemistry (Garey et al, 1985;Garey and Leuba, 1986;Glezer et al, , 1992aGlezer et al, ,b, 1993Glezer et al, , 1998Hof et al, 1992Hof et al, , 1995, cortical surface morphology (Haug, 1987;Jacobs et al, 1979;Morgane et al, 1980) and subcortical structures (Glezer et al, 1995a,b;Tarpley and Ridgway, 1994). These differences are also manifest during ontogenesis (Buhl and Oelschlager, 1988;Oelschlager and Buhl, 1985;Oelschlager and Kemp, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy and three‐dimensional reconstructions of the brain of a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from magnetic resonance images

et al. 2001

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Cetacean (dolphin, whale, and porpoise) brains are among the least studied mammalian brains because of the formidability of collecting and histologically preparing such relatively rare and large specimens. Magnetic resonance imaging offers a means of observing the internal structure of the brain when traditional histological procedures are not practical. Furthermore, internal structures can be analyzed in their precise anatomic positions, which is difficult to accomplish after the spatial distortions often accompanying histological processing. In this study, images of the brain of an adult bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, were scanned in the coronal plane at 148 antero-posterior levels. From these scans a computer-generated three-dimensional model was constructed using the programs VoxelView and VoxelMath (Vital Images, Inc.). This model, wherein details of internal and external morphology are represented in three-dimensional space, was then resectioned in orthogonal planes to produce corresponding series of virtual sections in the horizontal and sagittal planes. Sections in all three planes display the sizes and positions of major neuroanatomical features such as the arrangement of cortical lobes and subcortical structures such as the inferior and superior colliculi, and demonstrate the utility of MRI for neuroanatomical investigations of dolphin brains. Anat Rec 264: [397][398][399][400][401][402][403][404][405][406][407][408][409][410][411][412][413][414] 2001.

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Distribution of dopaminergic fibers and neurons in visual and auditory cortices of the harbor porpoise and pilot whale

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Cortical dopaminergic innervation among humans, chimpanzees, and macaque monkeys: A comparative study

Cortical dopaminergic innervation among humans, chimpanzees, and macaque monkeys: A comparative study

Neuroanatomy of the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Anatomy and three‐dimensional reconstructions of the brain of a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from magnetic resonance images

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