Neuroanatomy of the common dolphin (<i>Delphinus delphis</i>) as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Marino, Lori; Sudheimer, Keith; Pabst, D. Ann; McLellan, William A.; Filsoof, David M.; Johnson, John Irwin

doi:10.1002/ar.10181

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…nance images and also in the digitally reconstructed images. These images show that the harbor porpoise brain possesses the same constellation of morphological features noted in the brains of other odontocete species (bottlenose dolphin, Marino et al, 2001a;beluga whale, Marino et al, 2001b;common dolphin, Morgane et al, 1980;Marino et al, 2002) and confirms findings in previous studies of the harbor porpoise brain not based on MR images (Morgane et al, 1980;Buhl and Oelschlager, 1988). For instance, the characteristic mesencephalic and pontine flexures of the brain chassis are evident in Figure 3b-d.…”

Section: Anatomical Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…All identifiable brain structures of the specimen were labeled in the originally acquired coronal plane images as well as in the images from the virtual sectioned brain in the sagittal and horizontal planes. The MR images of the porpoise brain were compared with the published photographs and illustrations of the bottlenose dolphin brain from Morgane et al (1980), as well as published neuroanatomical atlases based on MRI scans of an adult bottlenose dolphin brain and an adult common dolphin brain (Marino et al, 2001a(Marino et al, , 2002. Images were also compared with data from a study of harbor porpoise brain morphogenesis by Buhl and Oelschlager (1988).…”

Section: Anatomical Labeling and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroanatomy of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from magnetic resonance images

Marino

Sudheimer

Sarko

et al. 2003

Journal of Morphology

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Cetacean (dolphin, whale, and porpoise) brains are among the least-studied mammalian brains because of the formidability of collecting and histologically preparing such relatively rare and large specimens. Among cetaceans, there exist relatively few studies of the brain of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a means of observing the internal structure of the brain when traditional histological procedures are not practical. Therefore, MRI has become a critical tool in the study of the brain of cetaceans and other large species. This article represents the first MRI-based anatomically labeled three-dimensional description of the harbor porpoise brain. Coronal plane sections of the brain of a young harbor porpoise were originally acquired and used to produce virtual digital scans in the other two orthogonal spatial planes. A sequential set of images in all three planes has been anatomically labeled and displays the proportions and positions of major neuroanatomical features. These images allow for the visualizing of the distinctive features of the harbor porpoise brain from various orientations by preserving the gross morphological structure of the specimen.

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Section: Anatomical Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Anatomical Labeling and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomy of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from magnetic resonance images

Marino

Sudheimer

Sarko

et al. 2003

Journal of Morphology

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“…Figures 1-10 display a rostral-to-caudal sequence of anatomically labeled originally acquired 2 mm thick coro- (Morgane et al, 1980;Marino et al, 2001aMarino et al, , 2001bMarino et al, , 2002Marino et al, , 2003aMarino et al, , 2003b. The killer whale brain is characterized by extreme bitemporal width, as seen most clearly in Figures 3-10 and 14 -18, and is apparently highly convoluted.…”

Section: General Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomy of the killer whale (Orcinus orca) from magnetic resonance images

et al. 2004

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This article presents the first series of MRI-based anatomically labeled sectioned images of the brain of the killer whale (Orcinus orca). Magnetic resonance images of the brain of an adult killer whale were acquired in the coronal and axial planes. The gross morphology of the killer whale brain is comparable in some respects to that of other odontocete brains, including the unusual spatial arrangement of midbrain structures. There are also intriguing differences. Cerebral hemispheres appear extremely convoluted and, in contrast to smaller cetacean species, the killer whale brain possesses an exceptional degree of cortical elaboration in the insular cortex, temporal operculum, and the cortical limbic lobe. The functional and evolutionary implications of these features are discussed. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Key words: killer whale; Orcinus orca; delphinid, cetacea; brain; MRICompared with other mammalian brains, the cetacean brain is, in many respects, highly unusual. Morgane et al. (1980: p. 105) state that "the lobular formations in the dolphin brain are organized in a pattern fundamentally different from that seen in the brains of primates or carnivores." As there is a 55-60 million year divergence between cetaceans and the phylogenetically closest group, the artiodactyls, odontocete brains represent a blend of early mammalian and uniquely derived features (Ridgway, 1986(Ridgway, , 1990Glezer et al., 1988;Manger et al., 1998). Differences between cetacean and other mammalian brains of similar size have been found in cytoarchitecture and histochemistry (Garey et al., 1985;Garey and Leuba, 1986;Glezer et al., , 1992aGlezer et al., , 1992bGlezer et al., , 1993Glezer et al., , 1998Hof et al., 1992Hof et al., , 1995Hof et al., , 1999Hof et al., , 2000, cortical surface configuration (Jacobs et al., 1979;Morgane et al., 1980;Haug, 1987), and subcortical structural morphology (Tarpley and Ridgway, 1994;Glezer et al., 1995aGlezer et al., , 1995b.The brains of a few cetacean species, particularly the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), have been studied relatively extensively. This is primarily due to the fact that bottlenose dolphins are popular in captivity and have been the focus of many long-term field studies. Therefore, much is known about their behavior, cognitive abilities, and social ecology. However, there is little neuroanatomical information on the brain of the largest Delphinid species, the killer whale (Orcinus orca), despite the fact that this species has

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“…Cerebellar expansion is also shared among mammals with pronounced auditory adaptations, including echolocating bats and odontocetes, and elephants, which utilize long‐distance infrasonic vocalizations (Hanson, Grisham, Sheh, Annese, & Ridgway, ; Maseko et al, ; Paulin, ). Indeed, neural activity in the cerebellum has been linked to the processing of acoustic signals (Baumann & Mattingley, ; Jen & Schlegel, ; Singla, Dempsey, Warren, Enikolopov, & Sawtell, ) and is consistent with the role of this brain structure as an adaptive filter that tracks patterns of predicted and observed sensory input (Marino et al, ; Paulin, ; Ridgway, ). We therefore next explored whether vocal repertoire (measured as tonal range and tonal complexity; May‐Collado et al, ) was associated with CB or CX mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The importance of auditory information arguably further increased in odontocetes following the evolution of echolocation. Indeed, brain structure in cetaceans has clearly evolved to support perception and processing of auditory information (Marino, 2007;Marino et al, 2002;Ridgway, 2000). Cerebellar expansion is also shared among mammals with pronounced auditory adaptations, including echolocating bats and odontocetes, and elephants, which utilize long-distance infrasonic vocalizations (Hanson, Grisham, Sheh, Annese, & Ridgway, 2013;Maseko et al, 2012;Paulin, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co‐evolution of cerebral and cerebellar expansion in cetaceans

Muller

Montgomery

2019

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Cetaceans possess brains that rank among the largest to have ever evolved, either in terms of absolute mass or relative to body size. Cetaceans have evolved these huge brains under relatively unique environmental conditions, making them a fascinating case study to investigate the constraints and selection pressures that shape how brains evolve. Indeed, cetaceans have some unusual neuroanatomical features, including a thin but highly folded cerebrum with low cortical neuron density, as well as many structural adaptations associated with acoustic communication. Previous reports also suggest that at least some cetaceans have an expanded cerebellum, a brain structure with wide‐ranging functions in adaptive filtering of sensory information, the control of motor actions, and cognition. Here, we report that, relative to the size of the rest of the brain, both the cerebrum and cerebellum are dramatically enlarged in cetaceans and show evidence of co‐evolution, a pattern of brain evolution that is convergent with primates. However, we also highlight several branches where cortico‐cerebellar co‐evolution may be partially decoupled, suggesting these structures can respond to independent selection pressures. Across cetaceans, we find no evidence of a simple linear relationship between either cerebrum and cerebellum size and the complexity of social ecology or acoustic communication, but do find evidence that their expansion may be associated with dietary breadth. In addition, our results suggest that major increases in both cerebrum and cerebellum size occurred early in cetacean evolution, prior to the origin of the major extant clades, and predate the evolution of echolocation.

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Neuroanatomy of the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Neuroanatomy of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from magnetic resonance images

Neuroanatomy of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from magnetic resonance images

Neuroanatomy of the killer whale (Orcinus orca) from magnetic resonance images

Co‐evolution of cerebral and cerebellar expansion in cetaceans

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