Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance and Antibiotic Resistant Genes in Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Poultry in North West of Pakistan

Khan, Sher Bahadar; Khan, Mumtaz Ali; Khan, Haseeb Ahmed; Khan, Sher Ali; Fahad, Shah; Khan, Faheem Ahmed; Ahmad, Irshad; Nawaz, Nighat; Bibi, Sidra; Muneeb, Muhammad

doi:10.17582/journal.pjz/20190828140843

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…We report high resistance levels against erythromycin, co-trimoxazole, penicillin and tetracycline in the post-PCV10 era among disease-causing isolates, which can also be explained on the basis of increased antimicrobial usage. In recent years, Pakistan has seen an increased usage of macrolides with total erythromycin usage reaching 247.5 defined daily dosage (DDD) in December 2017, β-lactams (total DDD of 412.8 for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid) and tetracycline (total DDD of 24 in 2016) [27–31] which has been associated with increased resistance rates in major pathogens [32]. Another study which investigated AMR in pneumococcal isolates from children under the age of 2 years also reported high levels of resistance against macrolides, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline in the post-PCV10 era [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain features of pneumococcal isolates in the pre- and post-PCV10 era in Pakistan

Javaid,

Lo,

Nisar

et al. 2024

Microbial Genomics

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Pakistan is amongst the four countries with the highest number of pneumococcal deaths. While the PCV10 vaccine was introduced in Pakistan in October 2012, data regarding the impact of the vaccine on the population dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pakistan remain obscure. Using whole genome sequencing of 190 isolates (nasopharyngeal carriage=75, disease=113, unknown sites=2) collected between 2002 and 2020, this study presents characteristics of pneumococcal strains in Pakistan in the pre- and post-vaccine era. The isolates were characterized on the basis of serotype distribution, genetic lineages (or Global Pneumococcal Sequence Cluster, GPSC) and antibiotic resistance. A high level of diversity in serotype and genetic lineages of pneumococci was observed in Pakistan. Among 190 isolates, we identified 54 serotypes, 67 GPSCs and 116 sequence types (STs) including 23 new STs. The most prevalent GPSCs and their associated serotypes in nasopharyngeal carriage were GPSC54 (expressing serotype 9V), GPSC5 (15A and 7B, and serogroup 24), GPSC25 (15B/15C), GPSC67 (18C) and GPSC376 (6A and 6D). Similarly, among 113 disease-causing isolates, the most prevalent GPSC/serotype combinations were GPSC2 (serotype 1), GPSC10 (serotypes 14, 10A, 19A and 19F), GPSC43 (serotypes 13, 11A, 23B, 35A and 9V), GPSC67 (serotypes 18A and 18C) and GPSC642 (serotype 11A). Of the 190 isolates, the highest levels of resistance were observed against penicillin (58.9 %, n=122), erythromycin (29.5 %, n=56), clindamycin (13.2 %, n=25), co-trimoxazole (94.2 %, n=179) and tetracycline/doxycycline (53.2 %, n=101). A higher proportion of disease-causing isolates were multidrug resistant as compared to carriage isolates (54 % vs 25 %). Our data suggest limited coverage of PCV10 in nasopharyngeal (21.6 %, 16/74) as well as disease-causing (38.1 %, 16/42) isolates among children ≤5 years old; however, higher valent vaccine PCV13 would increase the coverage rates to 33.8 % in nasopharyngeal and 54.8 % in disease-causing isolates, whereas PCV24/25 would offer the highest coverage rates. Owing to the diversity of serotypes observed during the post-vaccine period, the suggested inclusion of serotype in future vaccine formulations will require investigations with larger data sets with an extended temporal window. This article contains data hosted by Microreact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain features of pneumococcal isolates in the pre- and post-PCV10 era in Pakistan

Javaid,

Lo,

Nisar

et al. 2024

Microbial Genomics

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“…is very high against aminoglycosides, beta-lactams (penicillins and cephalosporins), chloramphenicol, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim. Unfortunately, the options for antibiotic therapy of gastroenteritis have narrowed considerably in recent years as bacterial resistance has increased (Ghosh and Sehgal, 1998;Khan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmid Borne Antibiotic Resistance Factors in Indigenous Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Humans in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

Ahmed¹,

Azhar²,

Shakoori³

et al. 2021

PJZ

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Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry and hospitalized diarrheal patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Akbar,

Haleem,

Nazia

et al. 2024

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

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Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance and Antibiotic Resistant Genes in Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Poultry in North West of Pakistan

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Strain features of pneumococcal isolates in the pre- and post-PCV10 era in Pakistan

Strain features of pneumococcal isolates in the pre- and post-PCV10 era in Pakistan

Plasmid Borne Antibiotic Resistance Factors in Indigenous Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Humans in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry and hospitalized diarrheal patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

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