Distribution of anandamide amidohydrolase in rat tissues with special reference to small intestine

Katayama, Kazuhisa; Ueda, Natsuo; Kurahashi, Yuko; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Shozo; Kato, Itsuo

doi:10.1016/s0005-2760(97)00078-7

Cited by 119 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There is also clear evidence that in the mouse, AEA is synthesized in the kidney vasculature and acts both in the kidney and salivary gland to alter respective functioning [26]. However, in women AEA is not present in urine, in detectable enough quantities except during labour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A solid-phase method for the extraction and measurement of anandamide from multiple human biomatrices

Marczylo

Lam

Nallendran

et al. 2009

Analytical Biochemistry

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Running Title: Extraction of AEA from human bio-matrices Abbreviations: AEA, N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide); AEA-d8, deuterated anandamide; LOD, limit of detection; LOQ, limit of quantification; LPE, liquid-phase extraction; SPE, solid-phase extraction; UPLC-MS/MS, ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Keywords: Endocannabinoid, anandamide, solid phase extraction.The authors affirm that they have no conflicts of interest. samples from labouring and non-labouring women were analysed using both techniques no extraction method-dependent differences were observed.Consequently, we provide evidence for a robust SPE technique for the extraction of AEA from bio-matrices to replace the existing liquid extraction methods which is superior in terms of speed, extraction efficiency and sample size required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A solid-phase method for the extraction and measurement of anandamide from multiple human biomatrices

Marczylo

Lam

Nallendran

et al. 2009

Analytical Biochemistry

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“…Levels of both AEA and 2-AG high enough to cause the activation of CB1 receptors have been measured in both rat and guinea pig MPLM (Katayama et al, 1997;Valenti et al, 2005;Guagnini et al, 2006). Alternatively, the augmentation of the twitch contractions may be through an unmasking of a constitutive activity of the CB1 receptor through inverse agonism (Pertwee, 2005).…”

Section: Cannabinoid Receptors In the Rat Ileum Mplm R Makwana Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the rat ileum, the mRNAs of both cannabinoid receptors and their expression have been both identified and mapped in the myenteric plexus Valenti et al, 2005;Duncan et al, 2008). Furthermore, a number of endogenous cannabinoid ligands, exemplified by arachidonylethanolamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG), (Gomez et al, 2002;Mascolo et al, 2002;Izzo et al, 2003;Fegley et al, 2005;Valenti et al, 2005), along with the mechanisms for their enzymatic inactivation (Katayama et al, 1997), have been shown to be present in the rat ileum. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the rat ileum myenteric plexuslongitudinal muscle (MPLM) preparation served as a suitable and robust in vitro ileal cannabinoid receptor bioassay by assessing the interaction between representatives of the four main classes of cannabinoid receptor agonists, that is AEA, 5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-cy clohexyl]-phenol (CP 55,940), D 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (D 9 -THC) and (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinyl methyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalen ylmethanone mesylate (WIN 55,, with the CB1 and CB2 receptor selective antagonist /inverse agonists rimonabant and SR 144 528 respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological characterization of cannabinoid receptor activity in the rat‐isolated ileum myenteric plexus‐longitudinal muscle preparation

Makwana

Molleman

Parsons

2010

British J Pharmacology

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Background and purpose: Cannabinoid effects on intestinal transit are commonly evaluated in rats. We characterized the cannabinoid receptors mediating the inhibitory effect of 5- Contractions to exogenous ACh were not altered. These observations extended to the guinea pig ileum MPLM. Conclusions and implications:The rat MPLM contains CB1 receptors and at least two non-CB1-non-CB2-non-TRPV1 receptors attenuating EFS-evoked ACh-mediated contractions in an EFS frequency-dependent pre-synaptic and stereo-specific manner. Augmentation of the twitches by rimonabant may be through antagonism of an endocannabinoid tone or inverse agonism, whereas inhibition of the rebound contractions involved partial agonism.

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“…It is now considered that these enzymes are the same membrane-bound protein. The enzyme is widely distributed in mammalian organs (28,30,31) and characterized by an optimal pH value at 8.5-10 (9, 29) and by high sensitivity to phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (27) and methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate (MAFP) 1 (32,33). The enzyme has a broad substrate specificity but hydrolyzes N-palmitoylethanolamine at a lower rate than anandamide (9,28,29,34,35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of an Acid Amidase Selective for N-Palmitoylethanolamine, a Putative Endogenous Anti-inflammatory Substance

Ueda¹,

Yamanaka²,

Yamamoto³

2001

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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231

238

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N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) is cannabimimetic, and N-palmitoylethanolamine is anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive. We found an amidase that is more active with the latter than the former in contrast to the previously known anandamide amidohydrolase for which N-palmitoylethanolamine is a poor substrate. Proteins solubilized by freezing and thawing from the 12,000 ؋ g pellet of various rat organs hydrolyzed [ 14 C]N-palmitoylethanolamine to palmitic acid and ethanolamine. The specific enzyme activity was higher in the order of lung > spleen > small intestine > thymus > cecum, and high activity was found in peritoneal and alveolar macrophages. The enzyme with a molecular mass of 31 kDa was purified from rat lung to a specific activity of 1.8 mol/min/mg protein. Relative reactivities of the enzyme with various N-acylethanolamines (100 M) were as follows: N-palmitoylethanolamine, 100%; N-myristoylethanolamine, 48%; N-stearoylethanolamine, 21%; N-oleoylethanolamine, 20%; N-linoleoylethanolamine, 13%; anandamide, 8%. The enzyme was the most active at pH 5 and was activated 7-fold by Triton X-100. The enzyme was almost insensitive to methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate, which inhibited anandamide amidohydrolase potently. Thus, the new enzyme referred to as N-palmitoylethanolamine hydrolase was clearly distinguishable from anandamide amidohydrolase.

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Distribution of anandamide amidohydrolase in rat tissues with special reference to small intestine

Cited by 119 publications

References 18 publications

A solid-phase method for the extraction and measurement of anandamide from multiple human biomatrices

A solid-phase method for the extraction and measurement of anandamide from multiple human biomatrices

Pharmacological characterization of cannabinoid receptor activity in the rat‐isolated ileum myenteric plexus‐longitudinal muscle preparation

Purification and Characterization of an Acid Amidase Selective for N-Palmitoylethanolamine, a Putative Endogenous Anti-inflammatory Substance

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