Distribution, Development and Total Amounts of Nutrients in the Gulf of Finland

Perttilä, Matti; Niemistö, Lauri; Mäkelä, Kalervo

doi:10.1006/ecss.1995.0067

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Iron, Al, Ca, and Mn participate in binding of P. Concentrations of these elements (especially those of Mn, Fe, and Ca) were generally highest in the central GoF (Table 3). In part, this may be due to inflow of near-bottom water from Baltic Proper (Perttilä et al 1995) and the transport of dissolved and particlebound elements. The fact that salinity was highest in the central GoF supports this conclusion.…”

Section: Sediment Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical character and behaviour of phosphorus in poorly oxygenated sediments from open sea to organic-rich inner bay in the Baltic Sea

Lukkari¹,

Leivuori²,

Kotilainen

2009

Biogeochemistry

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The chemical composition and vertical distribution of phosphorus (P) in poorly oxygenated sediments in a continuum extending from the open Baltic Sea towards an organic-rich inner bay were characterized by sequential extraction to examine the potential for release of sediment P. The chemical composition of P was related to chemical and physical characteristics of the sediments and the chemistry of pore water and near-bottom water to better understand the behaviour of P. Sediment P increased towards the inner bay, and the concentration of organic matter appeared to dictate its composition: the dominance of apatite-P turned to dominance of organic P (OP). Sediment P burial and, thus, release from sediment P reserves varied depending on the chemical composition of P. Dissolved species at the sediment-water interface suggested fluctuating redox conditions that affect P binding at short time scale. Redox-sensitive, iron (Fe)-bound P was usually relatively low because of poor oxygen (O 2 ) conditions, which emphasized the role of OP in P release. The results indicate that, over the long term, the abundant organic P reserve may support a significant continuing P release from hypoxic sediments in the severely eutrophied Gulf of Finland (GoF) because capture of P into Fe oxyhydroxides at the sediment surface is restricted. The average long-term minimum annual rate of P release from poorly oxygenated sediments below about 60 m depth in the GoF was approximated on the basis of the vertical distribution of sedimentary P forms and estimates of sedimentation rate.

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Section: Sediment Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical character and behaviour of phosphorus in poorly oxygenated sediments from open sea to organic-rich inner bay in the Baltic Sea

Lukkari¹,

Leivuori²,

Kotilainen

2009

Biogeochemistry

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“…Both the N budgets and models, however, indicate that some 70 000 t N should be removed from the gulf annually (Perttilä et al 1995, Kiirikki et al 2006. This corresponds to a rate of about 450 µmol N m -2 d -1…”

Section: Significance Of Anammox In Gulf Of Finland Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in sediments of the Gulf of Finland

Hietanen¹

2007

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and denitrification were measured in the open sea and coastal accumulation basins of the Gulf of Finland. The different methods used gave conflicting results on the importance of the anammox process in the sediments. Anammox generally contributed less than 20% to the total N 2 production, and no anammox was found in a shallow inner estuary basin. However, the discovery of the anammox process in the open sea sediments challenges the denitrification measurements made in the area, as the coexistence of anammox and denitrification compromises the central assumptions behind the method used in denitrification measurements and causes overestimates of the N 2 production. The high 15 NO 3 -incubation concentration used in Baltic Sea denitrification measurements exacerbates this overestimation, which is likely to have been substantial.

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“…Finni et al 2001;Sandström 2004). N:P ratios have decreased (Sandén and Rahm 1993;Perttilä et al 1995) and cyanobacteria blooms cover large areas in summertime (Kahru et al 1994) in the Baltic that is one of the most polluted seas in the world (reviewed by Elmgren 1989). Algae-induced turbidity may interfere with foraging (Keshavanath et al 1994), predator avoidance (Lehtiniemi et al 2005), and refuge use of fish (Maes et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Feeding and Refuge Use by Small Fish in the Presence of Cyanobacteria Blooms

Engström‐Öst¹,

Karjalainen²,

Viitasalo³

2006

Environ Biol Fish

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We studied the effect of cyanobacteria on foraging and refuge use in small fish. We measured pike larval feeding in the presence of cyanobacteria by counting leftover prey. Our results showed that feeding by pike larvae on zooplankton prey decreased significantly in the presence of non-toxic cyanobacteria. The behaviour can be due to lowered vision caused by turbidity or clogging of the gills. Further, we tested whether the three-spined stickleback use toxic cyanobacteria as a refuge against predators in a choice experiment. The choice experiment was performed in a Y-maze fluviarum, where the fish could select between two different environments. Our results support the refuge use hypothesis because the three-spined stickleback clearly preferred toxic cyanobacteria to the chemical predator signal. To conclude, cyanobacteria decrease feeding rates in fish larvae, but may function as important refuge for e.g. sticklebacks, during predation pressure in pelagic algal blooms.

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Distribution, Development and Total Amounts of Nutrients in the Gulf of Finland

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

The chemical character and behaviour of phosphorus in poorly oxygenated sediments from open sea to organic-rich inner bay in the Baltic Sea

The chemical character and behaviour of phosphorus in poorly oxygenated sediments from open sea to organic-rich inner bay in the Baltic Sea

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in sediments of the Gulf of Finland

Feeding and Refuge Use by Small Fish in the Presence of Cyanobacteria Blooms

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