Distribution and Storage of PVP

Robinson, Ben; Sullivan, F.; Borzelleca, J. F.; Schwartz, S. L.

doi:10.1201/9780203741672-6

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although our biopsies did show vacuolated podocytes, we were not able to distinguish these from lipid-filled vacuoles, which is a common finding in kidney biopsies (38). The differences in findings between the case reported by Gr€ unfeld et al (20) and the cases in this study could be due to the much lower molecular weight of the PVP previously used in parenteral medication (16,20), which allows for partial glomerular filtration and, possibly, reabsorption by the tubular epithelium (14). The lower molecular weight might also explain why CKD from PVP deposition has rarely been reported.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…Moderate and high molecular weight PVP is exclusively utilized in oral and topical medications (13), as it may accumulate in the body if injected (14,15). In most countries, the use of moderate and high molecular weight PVP in parenteral medication ended in the late 1970s (16) when it was recognized that extensive PVP deposition could cause severe organ dysfunction (17)(18)(19). However, cases of CKD resulting from PVP deposition have rarely been reported (20,21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chronic Kidney Disease from Polyvinylpyrrolidone Deposition in Persons with Intravenous Drug Use

Stalund

Grønseth

Reinholt

et al. 2022

CJASN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and objectivesPersons with intravenous drug use have a higher risk of developing CKD compared with the general population. In Norway, deposits of polyvinylpyrrolidone have been observed in kidney biopsies taken from persons with opioid addiction and intravenous drug use since 2009. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is an excipient commonly used in pharmaceuticals, and the polyvinylpyrrolidone deposits observed in these patients were caused by intravenous injection of a specific oral methadone syrup containing very high molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone. Here, we present the clinicopathologic findings from 28 patients with CKD associated with polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition in the kidney.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsThe 28 patients and their kidney biopsies were included when polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition was recognized, either retrospectively or at the time of diagnostic evaluation. Biopsies were taken between 2009 and 2016. We collected laboratory parameters and clinical data from digital patient charts. For each kidney biopsy, the glomerular volume, extent of polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition, and tubulointerstitial area with tubular atrophy were assessed quantitatively.ResultsAll patients (mean age: 37 years) had CKD (mean eGFR: 33 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and normal urine protein or non-nephrotic–range proteinuria. Biopsies showed moderate to severe tubular atrophy (mean extent: 65%) and interstitial infiltrates of vacuolated macrophages containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (mean share of biopsy area: 1.5%). Underperfused and ischemic glomeruli were common findings. In 22 samples, ultrastructural investigation revealed polyvinylpyrrolidone-containing vacuoles in the mesangial or endothelial cells of glomeruli. At the last follow-up, most patients had stable or improved eGFR. Two patients had developed kidney failure and underwent hemodialysis.ConclusionsIntravenous injection of a specific oral methadone syrup caused polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition in the kidney in persons with opioid addiction and intravenous drug use. Kidney biopsy findings suggested an association between polyvinylpyrrolidone deposition and tubular atrophy.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Kidney Disease from Polyvinylpyrrolidone Deposition in Persons with Intravenous Drug Use

Stalund

Grønseth

Reinholt

et al. 2022

CJASN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PVP can be injected in hydrogel form, presenting stable retention at the injection site, lasting several weeks. Polymers of PVP have been tested as artificial vitreous substances (cross-linked PVP), lens regeneration scaffolds, and slow-release implants for anti-glaucomatous drugs, acting for 300 days [63][64][65][66]. Small fluorescent hydrophobic molecules conjugated to PVP were effectively delivered to retinal cells after intravenous administration in rats by Tawfik et al [67].…”

Section: Organic Nanopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Strategies for Drug Delivery to the Ocular Posterior Segment

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Innovative and new drug delivery systems (DDSs) have recently been developed to vehicle treatments and drugs to the ocular posterior segment and the retina. New formulations and technological developments, such as nanotechnology, novel matrices, and non-traditional treatment strategies, open new perspectives in this field. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight promising strategies reported in the current literature based on innovative routes to overcome the anatomical and physiological barriers of the vitreoretinal structures. The paper also describes the challenges in finding appropriate and pertinent treatments that provide safety and efficacy and the problems related to patient compliance, acceptability, effectiveness, and sustained drug delivery. The clinical application of these experimental approaches can help pave the way for standardizing the use of DDSs in developing enhanced treatment strategies and personalized therapeutic options for ocular pathologies.

show abstract

Distribution and Storage of PVP

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Chronic Kidney Disease from Polyvinylpyrrolidone Deposition in Persons with Intravenous Drug Use

Chronic Kidney Disease from Polyvinylpyrrolidone Deposition in Persons with Intravenous Drug Use

Innovative Strategies for Drug Delivery to the Ocular Posterior Segment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About