Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from urban to rural soils: A case study in Dalian, China

Wang, Zhen; Chen, Jingwen; Qiao, Xianliang; Yang, Ping; Tian, Fuqiang; Huang, Liping

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.01.017

Cited by 190 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…They have been found to be widespread in soils worldwide (Wang et al, 2007;Daly et al, 2007). Degradation is an important process for PAHs in soil and has been investigated in numerous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenanthrene uptake by Medicago sativa L. under the influence of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2009

Environmental Pollution

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Colonization by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus promoted root uptake and decreased shoot uptake of phenanthrene by Medicago sativa L. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tPhenanthrene uptake by Medicago sativa L. was investigated under the influence of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. Inoculation of lucerne with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus etunicatum L. resulted in higher phenanthrene accumulation in the roots and lower accumulation in the shoots compared to non-mycorrhizal controls. Studies on sorption and desorption of phenanthrene by roots and characterization of heterogeneity of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots using solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 13 C NMR) demonstrated that increased aromatic components due to mycorrhizal inoculation resulted in enhanced phenanthrene uptake by the roots but lower translocation to the shoots. Direct visualization using two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEM) revealed higher phenanthrene accumulation in epidermal cells of roots and lower transport into the root interior and stem in mycorrhizal plants than in non-mycorrhizal controls. These results provide some insight into the mechanisms by which arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation may influence the uptake of organic contaminants by plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenanthrene uptake by Medicago sativa L. under the influence of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2009

Environmental Pollution

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“…This indicates that the soil sample from Tianjin Port was heavily polluted. Tianjin Port is the second largest port in China, with an annual cargo handling capacity of more than Wang et al 2007) in China. The levels were also lower than that in some developed areas, such as in Estonian urbanized areas (2200-12,300 ng g −1 ; Trapido 1999) and the urban (Nam et al 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic characteristics, 16 PAHs have been listed as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and studied by scientists all over the world (Kipopoulou et al 1999;Nadal et al 2004;Wang et al 2007). PAHs arise from natural and anthropogenic emissions, such as the incomplete combustion of organic matter, emissions of noncombustion-derived petrogenic, natural petroleum seeps, and as products of biogenic transformations (Edwards 1983;Wilcke 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of sources of elevated concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an industrial area in Tianjin, China

Jiao

Lü

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometry detector in 105 topsoil samples from an industrial area around Bohai Bay, Tianjin in the North of China. Results demonstrated that concentrations of PAHs in 104 soil samples from this area ranged from 68.7 to 5,590 ng g −1 dry weight with a mean of 16PAHs 814 ± 813 ng g −1 , which suggests that there exists mid to high levels of PAH contamination. The concentration of 16PAHs in one soil sample from Tianjin Port was exceptionally high (48,700 ng g −1 ). Ninetythree of the 105 soil samples were considered to be contaminated with PAHs (>200 ng g −1 ), and 25 were heavily polluted (>1,000 ng g −1 ). The sites with high PAHs concentration are mainly distrib- uted around chemical industry parks and near highways. Two low molecular weight PAHs, naphthalene and phenanthrene, were the dominant components in the soil samples, which accounted for 22.1% and 10.7% of the 16PAHs concentration, respectively. According to the observed molecular indices, house heating in winter, straw stalk combustion in open areas after harvest, and petroleum input were common sources of PAHs in this area, while factory discharge and vehicle exhaust were the major sources around chemical industrial parks and near highways. Biological processes were probably another main source of low molecular weight PAHs.

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“…Furthermore, the median concentration of PAHs in Linfen (9.8 lg g -1 ) was much higher than that of soil from the exurbs of Beijing (0.058-0.14 lg g -1 ) (Ge et al 2004), urban and rural soils in Tianjin (457 ±1.46 ng g -1 ) (Duan et al 2005), vegetable soil in Guangzhou Province (160-370 ng g -1 ) (Cai et al 2007), suburban soil in Dalian City (407 ± 78 ng g -1 ) (Wang et al 2007) and surface soil in Hong Kong (7-410 lg g -1 ) (Wang et al 2006). In total, the results of this study revealed that soils in Linfen were contaminated to different degrees by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, Distribution, and Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil in Linfen, China

Cheng

Liu

et al. 2008

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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A total of 10 surface soil samples representing the entire area of Linfen City were collected and analyzed for the presence of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration ranged from 1.1 to 63.7 lg g -1 . Analysis of the sources of contamination revealed that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil were derived from combustion sources. Specifically, the primary source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was coal combustion, but the samples were also effected to varying degrees by traffic emissions. Furthermore, increased levels of contamination were observed in northeast Linfen due to the distribution of industrial plants.

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Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from urban to rural soils: A case study in Dalian, China

Cited by 190 publications

References 23 publications

Phenanthrene uptake by Medicago sativa L. under the influence of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus

Phenanthrene uptake by Medicago sativa L. under the influence of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus

Identification of sources of elevated concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an industrial area in Tianjin, China

Composition, Distribution, and Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil in Linfen, China

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