Distribution and Microchemical Detection of Phenolic Acids, Flavonoids, and Phenolic Acid Amides in Maize Kernels

Peroxidase Isoforms of Corn Kernels and Corn on the Cob: Preparation and Characteristics

“…Intracellular control of POD by phenolics or other organic compounds has been suggested (33). Corn contains high levels of phenolic acids and flavonoids concentrated in the embryo, aleurone and pericarp (34). Freezing may reduce this interaction, increasing POD activity, and thus apparently improving the efficiency of recovery (35).…”

Phenolic Compounds in Maize Grains and Its Nixtamalized Products

“…The diferulates are linked to the arabinoxylans of the polymers that form the cell wall [36]. The resistance of the pericarp cells is attributed to the presence of these compounds and their abundance has been associated to resistance toward the development of fumonisins [37,38] and tolerance to warehouse pests [15,39]. The presence of ferulic acid dehydrotrimers was reported by Rouau et al [40] in maize bran, which is a fraction that is composed of remnants of pericarp and aleurone layer.…”

“…Phenolic amines were initially identiied in the pericarp of white maize grain by Sen et al [15], who associated their presence with tolerance to storage pests; recently, Collison et al [16] reported that the phenolic amines: N-N′-dicoumaroylspermidine, N-coumaroyl-N′-feruloylputrescine, and N-N′-diferuloylputrescine were the most abundant soluble phenolics in the methanolic extract of nixtamalized grains from red, blue, and purple maize grain. It is not known for sure what is the role of phenolic amines in maize grain.…”

“…As noted above, the ferulic acid is mainly esteriied to cell wall components. In the free form, it can be also found conjugated to diferent molecules, among which the most common are simple sugars and some amines [15,16].…”

“…Several studies using luorescent techniques have reported that the pericarp is the structure with the highest concentration of phenolics, followed by the germ and the endosperm [15].…”