Distribution and Interspecies Contact of Feral Swine and Cattle on Rangeland in South Texas: Implications for Disease Transmission

Cooper, Susan M.; Scott, H. Morgan; Garza, Guadalupe R. de la; Deck, Aubrey L.; Cathey, James C.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-46.1.152

Cited by 59 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with previous studies showing the attractiveness of water points for wild boars, especially under dry and hot conditions (15, 18, 20, 34, 35, 37, 38). As a result, interactions among wild boars occurred more often at waterholes than at baited places.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Payne

Philipon

Hars³

et al. 2017

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Interactions among wildlife species are major drivers for the transmission of multi-host pathogens, such as Mycobacterium bovis, which also affect livestock. Although France is officially free from bovine tuberculosis (bTB), some areas are still harboring infection in cattle and wildlife. We aimed at characterizing the visits of susceptible wild species (badger, red deer, and wild boar) at baited places and waterholes, considered as possible hotspots for contacts. We described the visits in terms of frequency, duration, and number of individuals and studied the influence of the season. Then, we estimated the frequency of intraspecies and interspecies interactions occurring at baited places and waterholes which may lead to bTB transmission, including direct and indirect contacts through the soil or water. We used camera traps placed on baited places and waterholes on 13 locations monitored during 21 months. The number of visits, their duration, and the number of individuals per visit were analyzed by generalized linear mixed models for each targeted species. The frequency of the interspecies and intraspecies interactions was also analyzed separately. The season, the type of site (baited place or waterhole), and the location were the explanatory variables. Badgers’ visits and interactions were more frequent than for other species (mean: 0.60 visit/day and 5.42 interactions/day) especially on baited places. Red deer only visited waterholes. Wild boars visited most often baited places in spring–summer and waterholes in autumn–winter. They came in higher number than other species, especially on baited places. Direct interactions were uncommon. The most frequent interspecies interactions occurred between red deer and wild boar (mean: 4.02 interactions/day). Baited places and waterholes are important interfaces between the different wild species involved in the bTB multi-host system in this area. They can thus promote intraspecies and interspecies bTB transmission. Baiting ban should be carried on and management of waterholes should be considered as tool to limit the spread of bTB in wildlife.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Payne

Philipon

Hars³

et al. 2017

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Farm and cattle-use area visits were defined as a deer location recorded within the farm or cattle-use area. For yards, a proximity threshold similar to other studies was used to classify visitation (Cooper et al 2010;Habib et al 2011). It is likely that visits occurred but were not recorded due to the relatively small size of yards, potential error in the locations, and the relatively coarse 2-h period between locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of white-tailed deer visits to cattle farms: implications for disease transmission at the wildlife–livestock interface

et al. 2013

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is endemic in freeranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in MI, USA. Currently, the rates of farm visitation by deer and couse of forage resources by cattle and deer are poorly understood. To evaluate the extent deer and livestock may share forage resources, we investigated farm, yard, and cattle-use area visitation by white-tailed deer and compared visitation with common livestock management practices. We fitted 25 female white-tailed deer near the bTB-infected zone in Michigan's Lower Peninsula with global positioning system collars. Livestock management practices associated with farm visitation included presence of confined feeding pastures, number of cattle water sources, and the number of cattle pastures. Fewer farm visits occurred at night than during the day. A higher proportion of nighttime visits occurred between midnight and sunrise. Visitation to yards and cattle-use areas were similar: a higher proportion of visits occurred at night, and a higher proportion of nighttime visits occurred between midnight and sunrise. Multiple visits during the same day were common. Visitation increased through spring and peaked during the fawning season. Results suggest that mitigation and control efforts to guard against potential transmission of bTB should include the season and time of day during which deer visitation occurs. Furthermore, specific livestock management practices may contribute to farm visitation by deer. Deer visiting multiple farms may contribute to local area spread of bTB.Focusing risk mitigation efforts on individual deer that are most likely to visit farms may reduce potential bTB transmission.

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“…With increasing distribution and population density, wild pigs will come into more frequent contact with livestock and humans (Witmer et al 2003), threatening human health and safety because wild pigs serve as reservoirs for pathogens and spread pathogens in the environment (e.g., water and soil; Wyckoff et al 2009). Wild pigs can be infected with more than 65 pathogens that affect livestock (Cooper et al 2010). Common pathogens occurring in wild pig populations in Oklahoma are Brucella, pseudorabies virus (PRV), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS; Gaskamp 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pseudorabies Virus and Brucella abortus from an Expanding Wild Pig (Sus scrofa) Population in Southern Oklahoma, USA

Gaskamp

Gee

Campbell

et al. 2016

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Wild pigs (Sus scrofa) are causing increasing ecologic and economic damage at a global scale. Because wild pigs can carry !65 diseases that affect livestock, their widespread expansion threatens native wildlife and livestock. We screened wild pigs from south-central Oklahoma, US for antibodies against Brucella abortus, pseudorabies virus (PRV), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS). These pathogens were chosen because they are part of eradication programs in the US and could have large economic impacts on domestic livestock if transmitted from wild animals. We tested 282 serum samples during spring 2010 (n¼149) and 2011 (n¼133) and found an overall exposure rate to PRV of 24.1% (n¼68); PRV was detected at two of three study sites. Two wild pigs had detectable antibody to B. abortus, and one had detectable antibody to PRRS. On average, 27% of wild pigs within a sounder were positive for PRV antibody, with 44% of the sounders (16/36) having at least one positive individual. These data highlight that wild pigs could carry pathogens that affect domestic livestock. Because the US is free of these pathogens in commercial livestock operations, continued surveillance and vaccination of domestic livestock are needed. Commercial livestock producers at the wildlife-livestock interface may benefit from spatial prioritization of risk zones to facilitate strategic control efforts.

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Distribution and Interspecies Contact of Feral Swine and Cattle on Rangeland in South Texas: Implications for Disease Transmission

Cited by 59 publications

References 38 publications

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Characteristics of white-tailed deer visits to cattle farms: implications for disease transmission at the wildlife–livestock interface

Pseudorabies Virus and Brucella abortus from an Expanding Wild Pig (Sus scrofa) Population in Southern Oklahoma, USA

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