Distribution and Climatic Relationships of the American Pika (<i>Ochotona princeps</i>) in the Sierra Nevada and Western Great Basin, U.S.A.; Periglacial Landforms as Refugia in Warming Climates

Millar, Constance I.; Westfall, Robert D.

doi:10.1657/1938-4246-42.1.76

Cited by 119 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Some will change faster than ecohydroclimatic models would suggest, while others are changing more slowly. There are several examples describing mechanisms of fine grain heterogeneity providing sustained water flows or cooler temperatures, at least temporarily (Luce and others 1998;Baxter and Hauer 2000;Hari and others 2006;Lundquist and Cayan 2007;Tague and Grant 2009;Millar and Westfall 2010;Holden and others 2011). These areas are sometimes referred to as climatic refugia or microrefugia (e.g., Noss 2001;Dobrowski 2011).…”

Section: A Changing Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change, forests, fire, water, and fish: Building resilient landscapes, streams, and managers

Luce¹,

Morgan²,

Dwire³

et al. 2012

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Section: A Changing Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change, forests, fire, water, and fish: Building resilient landscapes, streams, and managers

Luce¹,

Morgan²,

Dwire³

et al. 2012

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“…Our hypotheses were also influenced by the results of Millar and Westfall (2010), Hafner (1994), and Smith (1974), suggesting talus properties provide climate-buffering effects for pikas. Elevation was included as a covariate because it often varies with a suite of environmental variables.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The models explored in this study (Table 1) represent hypotheses derived from previous literature in other portions of the species' range, suggesting temperature and precipitation (Beever et al 2003, 2010, Millar and Westfall 2010, Wilkening et al 2011 as strong predictors of pika occupancy and persistence. Our hypotheses were also influenced by the results of Millar and Westfall (2010), Hafner (1994), and Smith (1974), suggesting talus properties provide climate-buffering effects for pikas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the generality of a climate-mediated shift in the distribution of the American pika (Ochotona princeps)

Erb

Ray

Guralnick

2011

Ecology

132

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Abstract. Alpine species are among those most threatened by climatic shifts due to their physiological and geographic constraints. The American pika (Ochotona princeps), a small mammal found in mountainous, rocky habitats throughout much of western North America, has experienced recent population extirpations in the Great Basin linked to climatic drivers. It remains unclear whether these patterns of climate-related loss extend to other portions of the species' range. We investigated the distribution of the American pika and the climatic processes shaping this distribution within the Southern Rocky Mountain region. Results from a survey of 69 sites historically occupied by pikas indicate that only four populations have been extirpated within this region over the past few decades. Despite relatively few extirpations, low annual precipitation is implicated as a limiting factor for pika persistence in the Southern Rockies. Extirpations occurred only at sites that were consistently dry over the last century. While there was no climate change signal in our results, these data provide valuable insight into the potential future effects of climate change on O. princeps throughout its range.

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“…Given the limited range of the American Pika in Al berta and a relatively poor understanding of impacts of a changing climate on this species in Alberta, a welldesigned and consistent monitoring program should be implemented in the province, both outside and inside the national parks, to provide an early indicator of changes in American Pika population numbers. Pika census methods are discussed by Morrison and hik (2010), Millar and Westfall (2010), timmins and Whittington (2011), Moyer-horner et al (2012), Rodhouse et al (2010), andtimmins et al (2013). in addition, research is needed on the climate determinants of pika distribution in Alberta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerns over the effects of climate change on pikas arise from several sources including observations of population disappearance (Beever et al 2003(Beever et al , 2011stewart et al 2015), elevational retreat (Beever et al 2003(Beever et al , 2011Grayson 2005;Millar and Westfall 2010), susceptibility to acute (MacArthur and Wang 1974;smith 1974a) and chronic heat stress (Beever et al 2010;Wilkening et al 2011;stewart et al 2015), increasing frequency of low precipitation and snowpack (erb et al 2011;Beever et al 2013;Jeffress et al 2013), limited dispersal ability (seppänen et al 2012;Beever and smith 2013), restriction to areas of permafrost (hafner 1993, 1994Millar and Westfall 2010;Wilkening et al 2015), dependence on higher elevations (Rodhouse et al 2010), and habitat change (CoseWiC 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are American Pikas (<em>Ochotona princeps</em>) in the Canadian Rockies vulnerable to climate change?

Shank

2015

Can Field Nat

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The American Pika (Ochotona princeps) is vulnerable to climate change as a result of its dependence on cool, moist conditions. Most research on climatic determinants of American Pika distribution has been done in the United States where conditions are different from those in the higher-latitude pika ranges of the Canadian Rockies. I examined recent (1980–2009) and future (2050s and 2080s) average and maximum mean summer temperatures for 114 current American Pika locations in Alberta to assess whether future conditions are likely to place these animals at risk. At all current sites, mean summer temperatures (MSTs) in the 2050s are expected to be below that chosen by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service as a threshold for at-risk status of O. princeps. By the 2050s, most current American Pika locations have sufficient elevation within 5 km to allow individuals to migrate vertically to reach habitat with MST similar to that of their current location. Even in the 2080s, almost all current sites have sufficient elevation within 5 km to maintain extreme single-year and average MSTs lower than the highest values recorded at those sites in the recent past (13.9°C and 12.5°C respectively). However, by the 2080s under an extreme greenhouse gas emissions scenario, only 34% of current pika sites will allow for such migration. Although considerable uncertainty remains, particularly with respect to availability of habitat, these results suggest that American Pika populations in Alberta will likely be capable of persisting throughout this century, although their survival will depend increasingly on successful vertical migration.

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Distribution and Climatic Relationships of the American Pika (Ochotona princeps) in the Sierra Nevada and Western Great Basin, U.S.A.; Periglacial Landforms as Refugia in Warming Climates

Cited by 119 publications

References 28 publications

Climate change, forests, fire, water, and fish: Building resilient landscapes, streams, and managers

Climate change, forests, fire, water, and fish: Building resilient landscapes, streams, and managers

On the generality of a climate-mediated shift in the distribution of the American pika (Ochotona princeps)

Are American Pikas (<em>Ochotona princeps</em>) in the Canadian Rockies vulnerable to climate change?

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